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1
Contents
Introduction to the platform and SO
IP address configuration
Static routing
Dynamic routing (Distance vector algorithms)
Dynamic routing (Link state algorithms)
Summarization and classless routing
Redistribution
Link protocols (hdlc & ppp frame-relay)
Link protocols (frame-relay)
Access lists
NAT
LAN switching
VLAN switching
2
VRP Introduction
3
VRP Functionality
Attribute Description
Ethernet_II
LAN protocols Ethernet_SNAP
VLAN
Bridge
PPP, MP
SLIP
ISDN
PPPoE
IPoA
PPPoA
Link layer PPPoEoA
protocols HDLC
Frame Relay
LAPB
Network X.25
ATM
interconnectivity
L2TP VPN
GRE VPN
VPN IPSec VPN
MPLS VPN (L2/L3)
DVPN
4
VRP Functionality
(Continued)
Attribute Description
ARP
Static domain name resolution
IP services IP UNNUMBERED
DHCP Relay
DHCP Server
DHCP Client
DLSw
Non-IP services IPX
Network
protocols Static routing management
Dynamic routing protocols
• RIP-1/RIP-2
• OSPF
• BGP
• IS-IS
Routing policy
IP Routing Policy routing
Multicast routing protocols
• IGMP
• PIM-DM
• PIM-SM
• MBGP
• MSDP
5
VRP Functionality
(Continued)
Attribute Description
Authentication, RADIUS
Authorization, CHAP authentication
Accounting (AAA) PAP authentication
services
Packet filter
• Interface-based ACL
• Period-based ACL
Firewalls Firewall
• Packet filtering firewall
Network ASPF (status firewall)
security
Support terminal access security
Data security IPSec & IKE
Allow the LAN users to access external networks
by using the IP addresses in the address pool
Support the operation of associating an ACL with
an address pool
Support the operation of associating an ACL with
NAT an interface
Allow the hosts on external networks to access
the internal server
Allow configuring the valid time period that the
address translation is supported
Support multiple ALGs
6
VRP Functionality
(Continued)
Attribute Description
Basic MPLS functions
MPLS VPN
MPLS MPLS QoS
MPLS TE
Network Backup center
reliability VRRP
Interface card/fan/power module hot swappable
Traffic policing Traffic Policing
Congestion FIFO, PQ, CQ, WFQ, CBW/LLQ, RTP
management
QoS Congestion WRED
avoidance
Traffic shaping TS
Interface rate limit LR
FR QoS
MPLS QoS
Dialup DCC configuration
network Modem management configuration
7
VRP Functionality
(Continued)
Attribute Description
Make local configuration via Console
Make remote configuration via the AUX port
Command Make local or remote configuration via Telnet or SSH
Line Interface Configure hierarchical command protection to
(CLI) safeguard the router against the intrusion of
unauthorized users
Provide detailed debugging information to help you
make network troubleshooting
Provide the network testing tools like tracert and ping
commands to help you quickly diagnose whether the
Configuration network is correctly running
management Directly log in by using the telnet command to manage
other routers
Adopt the FTP Server/Client model, which makes it
possible to download and upload the configuration files
and applications by making use of FTP
Support file uploading and downloading with TFTP
Support log function
Provide file system management
Support user-interface configuration and provide
multiple approaches in authentication and authorization
of the login users
Console Cable
Router
9
Setup via Telnet
Workstation
Router
100BASE-TX
Ethernet
Server Laptop PC
10
Command Views
Command lines are associated with command views:
User view like in <Quidway>
System view like in [Quidway]
Routing protocol views: OSPF, RIP, BGP,
IS-IS…
Interface views: FE, GE, synchronous serial, cE1, E3,
11
Command Line On-line Help
Enter “?” in any views and you will
obtain all the commands in this view
and their simple descriptions as well.
<Quidway> ?
User view commands:
cd Change current directory
clock Specify the system clock
……
[Quidway] ?
System view commands:
configure Enter configuration mode
delete Erase the configuration file in flash or nvram
reboot Reboot the router
save Write running configuration to flash or nvram
…… 12
Command Line On-line Help
13
Command Line On-line Help
Enter a command and a “?” separated by a
space. If "?" stands for a parameter,
descriptions of these parameters will be given.
15
Error Information
No such command
No such parameter
Unrecognized command
Parameter type wrong
16
History Command
Display the history display history- Display the history commands that
commands command the user has entered
Access the last Up-arrow key or Display the earlier history command,
history command <Ctrl+P> if there is any. Otherwise, the system
will ring the alarm.
Access the next Down-arrow key Display the next history command, if
history command or <Ctrl+N> there is any. Otherwise, the system
will clear the commands and ring the
alarm.
17
Entering/Exiting System View
18
Command Levels
24
Basic Configuration Commands
Name devices
[Quidway] sysname NE16-A
Erase the configuration saved in flash
<Quidway> reset saved-configuration
Reset router
<Quidway> reboot
Write the description of a interface
[Quidway-Ethernet1/0/0] description NE ethernet
interface
Configure the IP address of a interface
[Quidway-Atm1/0/0] ip address 129.102.0.1
255.255.255.0
25
Configuring System Clock
Set standard time
clock datetime HH:MM:SS YYYY/MM/DD
Set time zone
clock timezone time-zone-name { add | minus } offset
Remove time zone setting
undo clock timezone
Import summer-time scheme
clock summer-time summer-time-zone-name { one-off |
repeating } start-time end-time add-time
Cancel summer-time scheme
undo clock summer-time
26
Popular Display Command
Operation Command
Display system
display version [ slot-id ]
version
Display system clock display clock
Display terminal user display users [ all ]
Display original
display saved-configuration
configuration
Display current
display current-configuration
configuration
display debugging [ interface { interface-type
Display the state of
interface-number | interface-name } ]
debugging switch
[ module-name ]
…… ……
27
Display filters
A lot of display commands are available for
showing system status information. When
outputting information, you can add "|" in the
command to filter information. Three options
are available:
begin text: to display information starting from
the line with "text"
exclude text: to display information of the lines
with no "text"
include text: to display information of the lines
with "text"
For example, if you enter the
display current-configuration | include ip command,
the configuration information of the line with "ip" are
displayed.
28
Console – first steps
<Quidway>display users
UI Delay Type Ipaddress Username Userlevel
+ 0 CON 0 00:00:00 3
<Quidway>display clock
03:13:49 UTC Fri 09/30/2005
<Quidway>display cpu-usage
info-
===== Current CPU usage info =====center configuratione Crea
CPU Usage Stat. Cycle: 28 (Second)
CPU Usage : 8%
CPU Usage Stat. Time : 2005-09-30 03:16:03 Enter interface command modesplay
CPU Usage Stat. Tick : 0x4(CPU Tick High) 0x5336e964(CPU Tick Low)
TaskName CPU Runtime(CPU Tick High/CPU Tick Low) ipsec Specify IPSec
configure informationd
VIDL 92% 0/26989bc6
INFO 0% 0/ 3398
ROUT 0% 0/ cc1bf
SOCK 0% 0/ e7926
VTYD 0% 0/ 9d294
IPSP 0% 0/ 4162
IKE 0% 0/ 38d8
TAC 0% 0/ c2a29
SC 0% 0/ a0ba1
… 29
Display version
<Quidway>display version
Copyright Notice:
All rights reserved (Dec 10 2004).
Without the owner's prior written consent, no decompiling
nor reverse-engineering shall be allowed.
Huawei-3Com Versatile Routing Platform Software
VRP(R) software, Version 3.40, Release 0006
Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Hangzhou Huawei-3Com Tech. Co.,Ltd. All rights reserved
.
Copyright (c) 2000-2003 Huawei Tech. Co.,Ltd. All rights reserved.
Quidway AR28-09 uptime is 0 week, 0 day, 0 hour, 5 minutes
Operation Command
Configure a user
super password [ level user-level ]
level switching
{ simple | cipher } password
password.
Assign a level to
command-privilege level level view
the commands in
view command-key
the specified view.
undo command-privilege view view
Restore the default.
command-key
33
User Interface - console
Configure the access to the console with a password:
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway] user-interface console 0
[Quidway-ui-con0] authentication-mode password
[Quidway-ui-con0] set authentication password simple impsat
[Quidway-ui-con0] user priviledge level 1
[Quidway-ui-con0] return
<Quidway> quit
User interface Con 0 is available.
economy.
Command mode is the basic frame for organizing these
Operation Command
Display the initial configurations of
display saved-configuration
the router
Display the configuration files
display startup
saved in the system for boot.
Display the configurations in the
display this
current view.
display current-configuration
[ controller | interface interface-
type [ interface-number ] |
Display the current configurations
configuration [ isp | post-system |
of the router.
radius-template | system | user-
interface| ] ] [ | [ begin | include |
exclude ] string ]
37
Saving the current configuration
The user can modify the current configuration of the
router through the command line interface. In order
to make the current configuration as the startup
configuration of the router at the next power-on, the
save command is required to save the current
configuration into the default storage device.
Operation Command
Save the current configuration save [ file-name ] [ safely ]
Executing this command without the safely keyword can make the
speed of saving configuration files fast, but these files cannot
survive a reboot or power-off during the saving process; executing
this command with the safely keyword, however, makes the
saving speed slower, but these files can survive a reboot or
power-off during the saving process. By default, fast saving
applies.
38
Erasing the configuration file
Operation Command
39
Setting the configuration file
Operation Command
40
Huawei Introduction
User Interface Configuration
41
User Interface
42
User Interfaces
43
User Interface
45
Displaying…
46
User Priority
48
Performing Password Authentication
49
Huawei Introduction
Interface Configuration
50
Configuring an interface
51
display interface
Physical layer state
<Quidway>dis int s1/0/0 information
Serial1/0/0 current state : DOWN Data-link layer state
Line protocol current state : DOWN information
Description : HUAWEI, Quidway Series, Serial1/0/0 Interface Interface description
The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500, Hold timer is 10(sec)
Link layer protocol is PPP MTU and timer of
interface
LCP initial
Data-link
Internet Address is 1.2.1.1/24
encapsulation
Interface is no cable
DTE, DCE or no cable
code nrzi not set, idle-mark not set, loopback not set
Output queue : (Urgent queue : Size/Length/Discards) 0/50/0
Data transmit
Output queue : (Protocol queue : Size/Length/Discards) 0/500/0
Output queue : (FIFO queuing : Size/Length/Discards) 0/75/0
Last 5 minutes input rate 0 bytes/sec, 0 packets/sec
Last 5 minutes output rate 0 bytes/sec, 0 packets/sec
Input: 0 packets, 0 bytes
Output:0 packets, 0 bytes Physical Layer
DCD=DOWN DTR=DOWN DSR=DOWN RTS=DOWN CTS=DOWN
52
Interface configuration
Features of the synchronous serial interface are as
follows.
It can work in two modes: DTE and DCE. Usually, the
synchronous serial interface serves as DTE and
receives the clock provided by DCE.
The synchronous serial interface can connect multiple
cables externally, such as V.24, and V.35. The VRP
can automatically distinguish types of cables
connected externally and select electrical characters.
Generally, you do not need to perform configuration
manually.
The link layer protocols supported by synchronous
serial interface include PPP, FR, LAPB and X.25, etc.
It supports network layer protocol IP. Type of
external cable and the operating mode (DTE/DCE) of
the synchronous serial interface can be viewed with
display interface serial command.
53
Interface configuration
When two synchronous serial interfaces are
connected, the baud rate on line is determined at
DCE-side. Therefore, when the synchronous serial
interfaces act as DCE, the baud rate is to be set.
The default baud rate of synchronous serial
interface is 64000bit/s.
[Quidway-Serial0/0]baudrate ?
300 only for async mode
600 only for async mode
1200 for syn & asyn mode
2400 for syn & asyn mode
4800 for syn & asyn mode
9600 for syn & asyn mode
......
115200 for syn & asyn mode
128000 only for syn mode
384000 only for syn mode
2048000 only for syn mode
Note: The baudrate must not exceed 64Kbps when using a V.24 cable!
54
Huawei Introduction
Routing Configuration
55
Displaying the routing table
A route is the path information to guide
IP packets to be transferred.
[Quidway]display ip routing
Routing Tables:
Destination/Mask proto pref Metric Nexthop Interface
0.0.0.0/0 Static 60 0 120.0.0.2 Serial0
8.0.0.0/8 RIP 100 3 120.0.0.2 Serial0
9.0.0.0/8 OSPF 10 50 20.0.0.2 Ethernet0
9.1.0.0/16 RIP 100 4 120.0.0.2 Serial0
11.0.0.0/8 Static 60 0 120.0.0.2 Serial0
20.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 20.0.0.1 Ethernet0
20.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
......
56
Route Preference
The route obtained by the protocol of
the highest preference is preferred and
added in the routing table.
Routing Protocol Preference
DIRECT 0
OSPF 10
STATIC 60
RIP 100
IBGP 130
OSPF ASE 150
EBGP 170
UNKNOWN 255
57
Route Metric
58
Static Route Configuration
[Quidway]ip route-static <ip_address> [ <mask> |
<masklen> ] <interface_name> | <gateway_address>
[ preference <preference_value> ] [ reject | blackhole ]
Examples:
[Quidway] ip route-static 129.1.0.0 16 10.0.0.2
[Quidway] ip route-static 129.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.0.0.2
[Quidway] ip route-static 129.1.0.0 16 Serial 2
[Quidway] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.2
•Destination unreachable route: when the static route towards a
destination is of the "reject" parameter, all IP packets to the destination
will be rejected. Besides, with the ICMP message, the source host will be
notified of the unreachable destination.
•Destination blackhole route: when the static route towards a destination
is of the "blackhole" parameter, all IP packets to the destination will be
discarded. However, no message is sent to the source host 59
Dynamic routing
How to do this?
All routers send their known route-related information to the
neighboring router, so that each router will receive all
routing information in the network.
Then based on an algorithm, the final route is calculated out
(in fact, the next hop and metric of the route are calculated
out).
60
Overview of RIP
RIP is the abbreviation of Routing
Information Protocol.
RIP is a special implementation of the
distance-vector routing protocol.
RIP (in two versions: RIP-1 and RIP-2) is
applied to small and medium-sized networks.
RIP-2 uses the multicast (224.0.0.9) for
transmission, and supports authentication
and VLSM.
RIP support split horizon, route poison
reverse, and triggered updated.
61
Configuration Commands of RIP
Start the RIP and enter the RIP view [Quidway] rip
Enable RIP in the speciafied network [Quidway-rip] network network-number
Set the interval to update the RIP route timers updates time
62
Display the RIP Configuration
Information
[Quidway]display rip
RIP is running
public net VPN-Instance
Checkzero is on Default cost : 1
Summary is on Preference : 100
Period update timer : 30
Timeout timer : 180
Garbage-collection timer : 120
No peer router
Network :
192.168.2.0
63
Debugging Information of the RIP
Operation Command
Operation Command
vlink-peer router-id [ hello
seconds] [ retransmit seconds ]
Create and configure an OSPF
[ trans-delay seconds ] [ dead
virtual link: (OSPF area View)
seconds] [ simple password |
md5 keyid key ]
Configuring the Route
Aggregation of OSPF Area: abr-summary ip-address mask
(OSPF area view) [ advertise | not-advertise ]
67
Testing Tools
<Quidway>ping ?
-a Select source IP address
-c Specify the number of echo requests to send
-d Specify the SO_DEBUG option on the socket being used
-h Specify TTL value for echo requests to be sent
-i Select the interface sending packets
-n Numeric output only. No attempt will be made to lookup host
addresses for symbolic names
-p No more than 8 "pad" hexadecimal characters to fill out the
sent packet. For example, -p f2 will fill the sent packet with
f and 2 repeatedly
-q Quiet output. Nothing is displayed except the summary lines at
startup time and when finished
-r Record route. Includes the RECORD_ROUTE option in the
ECHO_REQUEST packet and displays the route
-s Specifies the number of data bytes to be sent
-t Timeout in milliseconds to wait for each reply
-tos Specify TOS value for echo requests to be sent
-v Verbose output.
STRING<1-20> IP address or hostname of a remote system
68
ip IP Protocol
More testing tools
<Quidway>tracert ?
-a Select source ip address
-f First time to live
-m Maximum time to live
-p UDP port number
-q Number of probe packet
-w Timeout in milliseconds to wait for
each reply
STRING<1-20> IP address or hostname of a
remote system
69
And more...
<Quidway>terminal ?
debugging Enable/disable debug
information to terminal
logging Enable/disable log information to
terminal
monitor Enable/disable information output
to current terminal
trapping Enable/disable trap information to
terminal
70
Huawei Introduction
Access Lists
71
IP packet filtering
For any packet a router needs to transfer, first
obtain its packet header information and then
compare it with the set rules. Whether to transfer or
to discard a packet depends on the comparison
results. The key technology to implement packet
filtering is access control list.
R
Internal Network
Internet
Branch Office
Headquarters of
a company
Unauthorized user
72
Access Lists
74
Advanced Access Lists
75
Configuration Steps of ACL for Firewall
Enable Firewall
Internet
Headquarters of
a company
Rules of
ACL
Apply the ACL to
interface
The following applications can be
extended as required:
Set the default filtering mode of firewall
Enable/disable the filtering based on time range
Set special time range
76
Designate log host
Commands for Configuring Firewall
Attributes
Enable/disable firewall
firewall { enable | disable }
Set the default filtering mode of
firewall
firewall default { permit|deny }
Display the status information of
firewall
display firewall
77
Apply Access Control List on the
Interface
Apply the access control list on the interface.
Designate whether it is in the OUT or IN
direction on the interface.
78
Basic Access List
172.16.4.0
Internet
172.16.3.0
S0
E0 E1 172.16.4.13
Internet 172.16.4.0
172.16.3.0 non 172.16.0.0
S0
E0 E1 172.16.4.13
Internet
Rules of
ACL
During working hour (8: 00
a.m.- 5: 00 p.m.), only special
sites can be accessed. Other
sites can be accessed in teh rest
time.
81
Configuring Time Range
Time range command
time-range time-name [ start-time to
end-time ] [ days ] [ from time1 date1 ]
[ to time2 date2 ]
82
Huawei Introduction
Network Address Translation
83
Background of Address Translation
85
Configuration of Static NAT
86
Configuration of Dynamic NAT
87
Monitoring and Maintenance of NAT
88
Dynamic NAT (1)
Enable the hosts of the 10.110.10.0/24 network
segment to perform address translation by
selecting the addresses from 202.110.10.10 to
202.110.10.12 as the translated address. Suppose
that the interface Serial0/0/0 connects to ISP.
89
Dynamic NAT (2)
90
Dynamic NAT (3)
91
Dynamic NAT (4)
92
Huawei Introduction
WAN Services
93
PPP
94
Typical PPP Configuration
Quidway #1 Quidway #2
95
HDLC
96
Introduction to Frame Relay
Local
Management
Interface (LMI)
CI
LAN DL DCE
FR CI
LAN
DTE DL DTE
DCE
Permanent Virtual
Circuit (PVC) use
data link connection
identifiers (DLCI)
98
Configure Frame Relay Address
Mapping
99
Configure Local Virtual Circuits of
Frame Relay
When the Frame Relay interface type is DCE or NNI, the interface (either
main interface or sub-interface) should be configured manually with virtual
circuits.
When the Frame Relay interface type is DTE, for the main interface, the
system will determine the virtual circuit automatically according to the
opposite equipment; the sub-interface must be configured with virtual
circuits manually.
100
Configure Frame Relay Subinterface
Create frame relay subinterface and enter the
subinterface configuration mode
interface type number.subinterface-number
[p2mp | p2p]
Configure the virtual circuit number for the
frame relay subinterfaces
Configure Sub-Interface PVC and Establish
Address Mapping
The command for creating the address mapping is the same
as that of the physical interface, you may either use the
static or dynamic address mapping. The static address
mapping is only needed in point-to-multipoint condition..
101
Configure Frame Relay PVC
Switching
Enable the Frame Relay switching
fr switching
Configure Frame Relay switched route
Assign a PVC number for Frame Relay
202.38.163.251 202.38.160.252
fr switching
interface serial 1 interface serial 1
ip address 202.38.163.251 ip address 202.38.163.252
255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0
link-protocol fr link-protocol fr
fr interface-type dce fr interface-type dte
fr dlci 100 fr inarp
fr inarp or fr map ip
or fr map ip 202.38.163.252 dlci 202.38.163.251dlci 100
100
103
Typical Frame Relay Configuration
Example II
Frame
Relay IP:202.38.11.252
I 70
IP 202.38.11.251
I 50 DLC
DLC Serial1/0 Router B
Serial0/0
DLC
I 60 Serial2/0
Router A DLC
I 80
Router D
(FR
Switch)
Router C
104
Typical Frame Relay Configuration
Example II (Continued)
Configure Router D (FR Switching):
# Enable the Frame Relay to carry out PVC switching
[RouterD] fr switching
# Encapsulate FR on interface and set interface type. Here, take serial0 as an example,
and other interfaces are configured similarly.
[RouterD-Serial0/0] link-protocol fr
[RouterD-Serial0/0] fr interface-type dce
# Enable the Frame Relay to carry out PVC switching
[RouterD-Serial0/0] fr dlci-switch 50 interface serial 1/0 dlci 70
[RouterD-Serial0/0] fr dlci-switch 60 interface serial 2/0 dlci 80
[RouterD-Serial1/0] fr dlci-switch 70 interface serial 0/0 dlci 50
[RouterD-Serial2/0] fr dlci-switch 80 interface serial 1/0 dlci 60
Configure Router A:
# Configure interface IP address
[Quidway-Serial0/1]ip address 202.38.11.251 255.255.255.0
# Configure the link layer protocol of the interface to Frame Relay
[Quidway-Serial0/1]link-protocol fr
[Quidway-Serial0/1]fr interface-type dte
# Configure static address mapping
[Quidway-Serial0/1]fr map ip 202.38.11.252 50
[Quidway-Serial0/1]fr map ip 202.38.11.253 60
105
Frame Relay Monitor and
Maintenance
Enable the information-debugging of Frame
Relay
debugging fr {all / compress / congestion / de /
event / fragment / inarp / lmi / mfr / packet /
transmit-rate} [ interface type number ]
View the Frame Relay status on each
interface.
display fr interface interface-type interface-num
View the Frame Relay address mapping
table.
display fr map-info [ interface interface-type
interface-num ]
106
Frame Relay Troubleshooting
The Physical Layer is DOWN
check the physical lines
check the remote equipment
The Physical Layer is UP, but the Link Layer is DOWN
Protocol encapsulation
Whether does DTE/DCE corresponds to each other
Monitor the transmitting/receiving status of the LMI message
The Link Layer protocol is UP, but it cannot ping through
the remote equipment
Whether the Link Layer protocols of the equipment at both
ends are in Up status
Whether the address mapping is correct
check the routing table to see whether there is route to the
remote equipment
107
Frame Relay Summary
Use the local DLCI as the frame relay PVC identifier to
the destination end
The QUIDWAY supports three LMI types:
ANSI ( Annex D )
CCITT ( Annex A )
nonstandard
Configure static frame relay MAP
Configure subinterface to avoid the problem of split
horizon concerning routing update
By default, the Inverse ARP can find remote protocol
address for the local DLCI automatically
Use the commands display and debug to monitor the
frame relay
108
Huawei Introduction
VLAN Switching
109
LAN Switching
110
Select port duplex
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]duplex ?
auto Enable port's duplex negotiation
automatically
full Full-duplex
half Half-duplex
111
Select port speed
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]speed ?
10 Specify speed of current port 10Mb/s
100 Specify speed of current port 100Mb/s
auto Enable port's speed negotiation
automatically
112
Configure a vlan IP Address
In vlan-interface view:
[Quidway]interface Vlan-interface 1
[Quidway-Vlan-interface1]ip address
192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
TCI
114
Link Type
vlan 2 vlan 1
Ethernet frame with tag
Ethernet frame
without tag
Ethernet frame with tag
vlan 1 vlan 2
116
Trunk and VLAN
VLAN 4
VLAN 5
Trunk Link
Delete a VLAN
undo vlan vlan_id
118
Access Link Configuration
Setting the Ethernet interface’s link-type
port link-type access
undo port link-type
121
Applications of Transparent Bridge
address information
Problem: frames or packets might be
LAN D
LAN A ROOT
LAN B
LAN E
LAN C
127
Configure Spanning Tree
128
Configurable Parameters of
Spanning Trees
Configurable parameters of a spanning
tree include:
Bridge Priority
Port Priority
port ( PortPathCost )
Three important timer parameters:
network ( BridgeDiameter )
129
Determine the Root by Configuration
130
Interface Cost
Configure the cost of interface
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1] stp cost cost
Default Value determined by bandwidth
Interface Recommended
bandwidth Default Value value range Value range
131
Interface Priority
Port ID consists of two parts:
PortPriority+Port number
LAN
Parallel Link
Multiple ports connected to one network segment
132
Timer of STP
133
Maintenance
134
Huawei Introduction
End
Thank you!!!
135