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It is a consequence of heredity,
which results from the transmission
of genes from parents to offspring
Because they share similar genes,
offspring more closely resemble their
parents or close relatives than others
2. Explain what makes heredity possible.
Asexual Sexual
Single parent 2 parents each
passes on all of its parent passes on of
genes its genes
Offspring are Offspring have a
genetically identical to unique combination of
parent genes inherited from
Results in a clone both parents
Genetic differences Results in greater
may occur as a result genetic variation
of mutation (change in offspring vary
DNA) genetically from their
siblings & parents
4. Diagram the human life cycle and indicate where in the
human body that mitosis and meiosis occur; which cells are the
result of meiosis and mitosis; and which cells are haploid.
Animals
Gametes are the
only haploid (n)
cells
Meiosis halves the
cells (2n n + n)
Fertilization makes
the 2n organism
Fungi
Only diploid (2n)
stage is the zygote
Resulting haploid
(n) cells divide by
mitosis to make the
n organism
Gametes produced
by mitosis
Plants
Synapsis
homologous
chromosomes come
together as pairs
Crossing over can
happen where the
nonsister
chromatids are
linked
8. Describe key differences between mitosis
and meiosis; explain how the end result of
meiosis differs from that of mitosis.
Meiosis
1. Is a reduction division
2. Creates genetic variation
3. Is 2 successive nuclear divisions
- produces gametes in animals
Mitosis
- crossing over doesnt occur
- occurs in somatic cells (body cells)
- copies the cells
9. Explain how independent assortment, crossing
over, and random fertilization contribute to genetic
variation in sexually reproducing organisms.