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Independent University

School of Business

MBA 509; Sec. 2


Autumn Semester 2017
Lecture 4
Todays Lecture outline

Job analysis
Job description
Job specification
Job design
Job Analysis
is defined as the process of determining by
observation & study, & reporting pertinent
information relating to the nature of a specific job.

It is the determination of the tasks that comprise the


job and of the skills, knowledge, abilities &
responsibilities required of the worker for
successful performance & which differentiate the
job from others (UN).
Job Analysis
is the systematic process of collecting
information that identifies similarities &
differences in the work (Milkovich).

the procedure for determining the duties &


skill requirements of a job & the kind of
person who should be hired for it (Dessler).
Why perform job analysis?

It establishes similarities and differences in


the work contents of the jobs
It helps establish an internally fair and
aligned job structure
Job analysis
Job analysis two primary parts
Job description. is a simple concisely written record
explaining the contents-duties, responsibilities, &
requirements involved in a particular job
It tells us
What is to be done?
How is it to be done? &
Why?
Job specification. is a statement that contains mental,
physical & other demands required of a person to perform
the specific job successfully
Details of the various qualifications
Skills, knowledge, abilities, physical characteristics &
other relevant personal characteristics
Use of job analysis information

Job analysis

Job description &


job specification

Recruiting & Job evaluation-


Performance wage & salary Training
selection decisions
appraisal requirements
decisions (compensation)
Job analysis
Job analysis two primary parts.
Job analysis

Job description Job specification

Education
Job title Experience
Location Training
Specific operations & tasks Judgment
involved Initiative
Materials & equipments, the Physical demands
worker uses Mental capabilities
Supervision given or received Aptitudes
Nature of operations Social skills including-impulsive
Working conditions communication skills,
Hazards & hardships involved uncommon sense demands,
such as sight, smell, hearing
Job Analysis Result
Job Description
Job based
Tasks
Work performed
Job Specification
Employee based
Knowledge, skills & abilities
Experience
Types of information obtained through job analysis
CONTENT OF THE JOB
Duties & responsibilities
Job demands
Machines & tools
Performance standards

CONTEXT OF THE JOB


Physical working conditions
Job analysis Work schedule
People with whom employees
interact

HUMAN REQUIREMENTS
Job related knowledge & skills &
required personal attributes
Job analysis process..
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4
Determine Review Select Analyze jobs using
purpose of job organization representative jobs data gathering
analysis chart for analysis methods

Step 6
Step 5
Write job description &
Check information
job specification for use in
for accuracy
HR activities
Data gathering methods for job analysis

Interviews (individual & group)


Job performance
Questionnaires
Observation
Participant diary/log
Critical incidents
Job description & job specification Example
Job title: Telesales representative
Employee code: XYZ
Division: Higher education
Level: Junior.entry
Department: Sales
Reports to:
Salary:
Job summary
Responsible for selling college textbooks & software & multimedia products
via telephone calls. Must develop and implement strategies to meet sales
targets in assigned territories. In addition, the position will be responsible for
generating editorial leads & communicating them to the publication group.
Will also report the observed market trends in the assigned territory.
Relationships
Reports to district sales manager. Has no supervisory responsibility.
Job description & job specification Example
Primary responsibilities
Achieve quantitative sales goals for assigned territories
Determine sales strategies & develop plans for implementing these strategies
Conduct product presentations
Conduct at least 10 interviews with professors everyday during academic
session to identify product demand & market trends
Use the telephone for selling products
Distribute sample products to appropriate faculty
Required knowledge & experience
Bachelors degree with good academic record
One years experience in the sales and marketing division of a publishing
company preferred
Strong persuasive skills
Excellent verbal & written communication skills
Comfortable with common computer applications
Open to travelling
Job Analysis: A Basic HRM Tool
Human Resource
Tasks Responsibilities Duties Planning
Recruitment
Selection
Training &
Job Descriptions Development
Performance
Job Appraisal
Analysis
Job
Compensation &
Specifications Benefits
Safety & Health
Employee & Labour
Relations
Knowledge Skills Abilities Legal Considerations
Job Analysis for
Teams
Job Design
Job design
the process of defining how work will be performed & what tasks
will be required in a given job.
Approaches to job design
Design for
efficiency

Design for JOB Design for


mental capacity motivation

Design for
safety & health
Techniques in job design

Four major techniques


1. Job rotation: Moving people around so they
dont get bored with doing the same thing
in the same place with the same people all
the time
2. Job enlargement: Combining bits & pieces
of jobs into one cohesive whole
Techniques in job design..
3. Semi-autonomous work groups: Self
regulating, working mostly without direct
supervision
4. High-performance work teams: They are
virtually the same as autonomous work
groups but they specialize in work areas
where very high levels of performance are
required

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