Child and Adolescent

Development
EDU 008|TCP 1st Module|1st Subject |Jonathan L. Maas, LPT
Let us do the SSS routine.
 See your surroundings
Seek for the Lord
Sit properly
Teachers have
three loves;
love of
learning, love
of learners, and
the love of
bringing the
first two loves
together.
Scott Hayden
Why do we need to
study child and
adolescent
development?
 CONCEPTS TO STUDY:

The nature of the child and the

adolescent learner
Physical and motor development
Cognitive development
Linguistic and literacy development
Social and emotional development
CHAPTER I

Who is the child

and adolescent
learner?
Objectives:
to identify the principles on child and
adolescent as learners
to distinguish the characteristics of
the different developmental stages
in the life of children
to enumerate the laws and rights
for/of children
to express personal commitment on
the issue about the situation of the
Filipino child
PRINCIPLES ON
CHILD AND
ADOLESCENT AS
LEARNERS
1. The child or
adolescent should
among other things
be considered as a
living human being.
 IMPLICATIONS
A child undergoes the processes of growth
and development
To every child, the potentialities of growth
are inherent at the time of conception and
are determined by the genes - the carrier
of heredity but without a favorable
environment, normal growth and
development cannot occur.
Individuals hereditary endowment is
when contributions to physical and mental
traits are endowed from the maternal and
paternal ancestors to the new person
 Hurlock gave two ways in which
hereditary endowment can be changed
and later affects life.
a. Heredity places limits beyond which
individuals cannot go. If prenatal and
postnatal conditions are favorable,
and if people are strongly motivated,
they can develop their inherited
physical and mental traits to their
maximum potential
b. Heredity is a matter of chance. There
is no known way to control the number
of chromosomes from the parents that
will be passed on to child.
In summary, heredity inherently equips the
child with the seed for growth and
development. How the seed is to be
nurtured is the role played by the
environment/environmental factors such
as adequate supply of nutrients and
metabolism (the act of taking all
substances and breaking them down to
provide energy for body growth.)
2. The three elements
increase in size,
differentiation of
structure, and alteration
of form constitute
something more than
simple growth.
 IMPLICATIONS
Growth is only an aspect of the
developmental process.
Together, they comprise development,
the series of orderly and irreversible
stages that every child goes through
from the beginning of its life to the end
These growth and development are
largely determined by a childs parents
and environment like home, school,
community, nutrition, values, beliefs
and customs
3. No two individual
as the learners we
are studying about
are exactly alike.
 IMPLICATIONS
Each of them grows in a unique fashion
within the limits that his heredity and
environment permit.
To the educators, parents and those who
are involved in the formation of children,
the many processes involved in growth
and development are of great
importance.
In learning, varied learning situations and
activities are most likely to attract the
students attention
In physical appearance, development of
two children are not always the same.
4. Science now knows
that all children grow in
much of the same
pattern: rapidly at first,
then more slowly, but
very quickly indeed
when puberty arrives.
 IMPLICATION
This pattern has variation in
the childs overall speed of
growth, in the ages at which he
grows most rapidly, and
trajectory he followed to reach
his destined height.
5. Learners respond
rapidly to different
academic stimuli.
 IMPLICATIONS
This means children are reacting in not the
same way with other children.
Ex: One may like Math but the other one may
not.
Every person has certain constitutional
traits that the way his/her body responds to
stress. These traits maybe inherited, acquired
in early childhood or both, but tends to
persist throughout life.
Ex. A boy, who tenses up over arithmetic
problems in school may react the same way to
an income tax-blank.
In response to academic stress, girls palms
tend to perspire more as compared to boys.
6. Nearly all human
behavior is learned
rather than inherited.
 IMPLICATIONS
Man is much less a creature of
instinct than any other animal.
Man has a capacity to learn
Hislearning is time-consuming
yet necessary to acquire the
mass of information and skills
(stage-by-stage) so that he
could survive as an adult
STAGES OF GROWTH
AND
DEVELOPMENT
 What are the
different
expectations on
each Stages of
Childrens Growth
and Development?
1. Early foundations are
critical.
2. All individuals are unique.
3. Each stage has its own
characteristics.
4. Each stage has its own
hazards.
5. There are expectations
for each stage.
6. The various aspects of growth
and development are
interrelated.
7. Children construct their
knowledge.
8. Development cannot be
separated from its social
context.
9. Learning can lead to
development.
10. Language plays a central role
in mental development.
STAGES OF GROWTH
AND
DEVELOPMENT
 Late
Adulthood
John Santrocks Middle
Developmental Adulthood
Early Adulthood
Stages
Adolescence
Middle /Late
Childhood
Early Childhood
Infancy
Pre-natal Period
STAGES OF GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT:
Early Childhood
(between 2-6 years old)
Late Childhood
(between 6-12 years old)
Adolescence (between
13-18 years old)
CHARACTERISTICS OF EARLY
CHILDHOOD STAGE
Problem age or troublesome age
toy age
pre-school age (named by
educators)
pre-gang age
exploratory stage resulting to
questioning stage
creativity stage
CHARACTERISTICS OF
LATE CHILDHOOD STAGE
Troublesome age (disobedience to
parents)
sloppy age
quarrelsome age (siblings)
elementary school age
critical period in the achievement
drive
gang age (age of conformity)
CHARACTERISTICS OF
ADOLESCENCE STAGE
Adolescere to grow or to grow to
maturity
Period of change
heightened emotionality
changes in their bodies, interest, roles
feeling of instability (ambiguous
expectation from parents)
change in values
independence without responsibility
CHARACTERISTICS OF
ADOLESCENCE STAGE

Problem age (solve problem on their

own)
Time for search for identity
(gender preference, status symbol)
Time of unrealism (want to be like
others)
DIFFERENCES IN BOYS AND GIRLS
THE SITUATIONS OF
FILIPINO CHILDREN
AND YOUNG
PERSONS
THE RIGHTS OF THE
CHILD

to life
right to a name and a nationality
right to protection from violence
right to education
right to freedom of thought
 Question

What are the situations

or scenarios (negative)
that Filipino Children
are involved
nowadays?
 Answer
The state recognizes the vital role
of the youth in nation building and
shall promote and protect their
physical, moral, spiritual,
intellectual and social being. It
shall inculcate in the youth
patriotism and nationalism and
encourage their involvement in
public and societal affairs.
- Section 13. Article 1 PC
 Answer

To give effect to the

States declared
policy, laws were
promulgated:
 LAWS PROTECTING
CHILDREN
Republic Act 9344 (The Act
Establishing a Comprehensive
Juvenile Justice and Welfare
System)
- Exempts children 18 years old and
below from criminal liability.
- They will only be subjected to an
intervention program.
 LAWS PROTECTING
CHILDREN

Republic Act No. 7610 (The Special

Protection of Children against Child
Abuse)

- protects children against child

prostitution and other sexual abuse, child
trafficking, obscene publications and
indecent shows
- In the person of DSWD
 LAWS PROTECTING
CHILDREN

Republic Act No. 7658 (An Act

Prohibiting the Employment of
Children below 15 years of age. )

- protects children from being hired

as workers in whatever
establishment.
 LAWS PROTECTING
CHILDREN
The Rights of the Child (5 rights ratified
during UN Convention on the rights of a
Child)
Filipino Children: Child 21 (prioritizes
Children in allocation and utilization of
resources; protection)
Republic Act No. 8049 (An Act
Regulating Hazing and other forms of
Initiation Rites)
Republic Act No. 8353 (Anti-Rape Law)
THE END?
ACTIVITY TIME!
 On 1 whole sheet of yellow paper, write
your reaction to the situations of the
Filipino children. Include among your
other ideas the following:
1. A short description of the situation;
2. How you feel about the situation;
3. What should be done to ease up this
situation; and
4. Your personal commitment regarding the
issue