HANDICRAFTS

EMBROIDERY
the art of designing
with needle and
thread.
 FABRIC

anywoven, knitted
or felt cloth.
 THREAD
a very fine cord
composed of strand or
strands of spun silk, flax or
cotton used in sewing.
 DESIGN
-
arrangement of line, form,
color and texture with the
purpose of achieving order and
beauty.
 USE BASIC TOOLS IN EMBROIDERY

Basic tools and materials in embroidery are

identified.
Different
embroidery stitches are performed
based on the given steps.
Proper use of tools is observed.
 PRE- ASSESSMENT

I.Direction: Match column A with

column B. Write only the letter of the
correct answer on your activity
notebook.
 A B

1. It is an ornamentation of textiles and other materials with needlework. a. Crewell

2. It is use to measure more than one foot distance. b. Embroidery

3. A tool use for transferring the design when using pricking and pouncing method. c. Gauge

4. A tool in embroidery that is used to keep the fabric stretched while embroidery d. Needle threader
stitches are applied on the design.
5. A fine powder used in transferring design by pricking method. e. Pin cushion
6. A type of needle used for most standard embroidery stitchery. f. Pounce

7. A tool used to keep pins and needles in place g. Stiletto

8. It is use for easier threading especially by those sewers with poor eyesight . h. Tapestry
9. Use to protect the middle finger and push the needle while doing embroidery work i. Tape measure

10. It is use to measure short distances j. Thimble

k. Water color
II. DIRECTION: IDENTIFY THE
FOLLOWING EMBROIDERY
STITCHES. WRITE YOUR
ANSWER ON YOUR ANSWER
SHEET.
 DEVELOPMENT OF PHILIPPINE EMBROIDERY

Embroidery is the ornamentation of textiles and

other materials with needlework for personal
use and decoration not only at home but for
offices as well.
The term embroidery is an English word derived
from the old French embroiders meaning edge
and border.
Embroidery was introduced into the Orient
by the Netherlanders in the 15th century.
Itwas bought by the Spaniards into the
Philippines where it has made a wonderful
growth, and work done it rivals the best
work done in Switzerland, a country noted
for its exquisite embroidery.
Embroidery reached its highest
development during the middle ages. The
nuns in the convents were the first to
make articles with embroidery work
during their leisure time. Since then, it
became so popular that women started
to enjoy it, creating designs of their own.
In the beginning embroideries were done
by hand
Today, because of the fast
growth of the industry,
elegance of designs and
fineness of workmanship,
Filipinos export articles with
embroidery work. Embroidery
work is best achieved if correct
tools and materials are used.
THREE KINDS OF EMBROIDERY

1. Free-style- embroidery the stitches are not

counted on to the fabric weave but followed
a traced or transferred design
2. counted threads- stitches are counted from a
chart onto fabric that has a regular weave .
3. traditional embroidery- includes appliqu,
smocking, and quilting
 TOOLS

refer
to small or handy
devices/instruments used in
sewing
 MATERIALS OR SUPPLIES

are those that are

consumed in finishing a
project.
TOOLS AND MATERIALS USE IN EMBROIDERY ITS USES
AND MAINTENANCE.

1. Gauge- use
to measure
short distances
 TAPE MEASURE

use for measuring

more than one-
foot distance or
materials
 THIMBLES
made from metal or
plastic, protect the middle
finger and push the
needle while doing your
embroidery work. This
come in sizes 6 (small) to
12 (large)
 EMBROIDERY HOOP/STILETTO
made of wood, bone, metal or plastic
use to make eyelets in the fabric to be
embroidered.
Itis also use to keep the fabric
stretched while embroidery stitches
are applied on the design.
Itis advisable to place tissue paper
over the inner hoop or twist or wrap
the inner hoop with a thin material to
prevent markings on the fabric.
 EMBROIDERY SCISSOR
is small, sharp and pointed-
good for fine work use for
trimming scallops, clipping
threads, and cutting large
eyelets.
Protect the blade by keeping
them in a sheath or cover and
get them sharpened
occasionally
NEEDLE THREADER

isuse for easier threading

especially by those sewers
with poor eyesight.
 POUNCE
is
fine powder
used in transferring
design by pricking
method.
EMBROIDERY NEEDLE

short pieces of steel with a

fine point at one end and
a little opening or eye at
the other
TYPES OF NEEDLES

1. Crewell- sizes 1-10 are

sharp-pointed, medium
length with large eyes for
easy threading they are
used for most standard
embroidery stitchery.
2. Chenille- sizes 13-26
are also sharp-pointed
needles but they are
thicker and longer and
have larger eyes. They
are that types of
needles appropriate for
embroidery that is
worked with heavier
yarns.
3. Tapestry needle- is
from sizes 13 -26. They
are similar in size to
chenille but are blunt
rather than sharp. This
makes them best for
thread-counting
embroidery and for the
needle point as well.
 WATER COLOR BRUSH

use for transferring

the design using
pricking and
pouncing methods.
TRACING WHEEL
is an instrument with
serrated teeth on a
wheel attached to a
handle. Used to transfer
markings from patterns
onto fabric with or
without tracing paper
MATERIALS FOR EMBROIDERY
MAKING
1. THREAD/YARN
is a long continuous
length of
interlocked fibers,
suitable for use in
the production of
textiles, sewing, and
embroidery.
FABRIC
sometimes referred to
as cloth, are of great
variety and they differ
in material, weight,
weave, design, color,
and finish.
THREE TYPES OF FABRIC
1. Common weave- includes most tightly woven fabrics with a
relatively smooth surface like linen, wool and cotton. They are
best used for articles with decorative stitches.
2. Even-weave- are intended for hardanger embroidery since the
number of threads per square inch is same for both warp and
woof.
3. Basket weave- is commonly used by beginners and ramie linen
by those who have been used to this embroidery. It supplies
guidelines for cross stitch and smocking having an evenly
spaced pattern like gingham cloth and polka dots.
Allfabrics should be prewashed
before using them for quilting or
embroidery. The filler that is used in
the fabric can cause havoc if it is
not removed by washing prior to
working with the fabric.
 PROPER CARE OF EMBROIDERY THREAD

As one of the most essential elements to

the stitching process, it's important to
ensure proper and careful care of
embroidery thread.
Storeit properly under controlled
conditions
THREAD DENTS
when a cone falls onto the floor, the point of impact
can dent the thread, resulting in a weak spot (or
spots) that can ultimately lead to problems as the
thread travels toward the needle. This is a common
problem for those that store unused cones on top of
their machine. Those cones will walk across the
machine table due to the vibration of sewing and
ultimately end up on the floor.
DISCOLORING AND FADING

Threads,especially rayon, will fade when

exposed to sunlight for extended periods of
time.
Ifyour threads are stored on a window sill or
anywhere that sunlight can strike them full
force, you risk fading and discoloring.
LINT BUILDUP

Threads that sit out, exposed to the elements of your shops

environment, are prone to dust and lint building up. Over time,
such buildup can sink down into the threads. When the thread
travels through the upper thread path, it takes the crud with it,
dispensing it along the way onto critical surfaces (such as
tensioners) that need to remain clean and smooth. The end result
will be inconsistent upper thread tension and possible thread
breaks.
BRITTLENESS

In addition to discoloring and fading, excessive exposure to

sunlight can dry out the thread and lead to brittleness in the
fibers. Obviously, this will weaken the thread and lead to
excessive thread breaks.
Direction: Describe briefly the use/s of the following tools. Write your answer on on your answer sheet.

. Tape measure
1

2. Hoop
3. Needle threader
4. Pounce
5. Chenille
6. Tracing paper
7. Sewing box
8. Bag
9. Gauge
10. Embroidery scissor
EMBROIDERY STITCHES
1. Back stitch
the most often used to
outline a design. This stitch
also forms the base line for
other embroidery stitches
2. BULLION STITCH

a single detached stitch

that is used for filling in a
design area. Rows of bullion
stitches may also be used to
outline a design. It is
recommended that one
uses a needle with a small
eye for ease in pulling
3. Chain stitch- one of the more popular
stitches used for outlining. When worked in
close rows, chain stitches make good stitches
for filling the design area.
4. Cross-stitch
stitched formed by two crossing
arms and may be used for
outlining, as borders or to fill in an
entire area.
5. Feather stitch
a stitch with a loop and stitches evenly worked
on both left and right sides of a design area.
6. Fish Bone
a kind of filling stitch
which is ideal for making
leaves or feathers. It
requires us to divide the
pattern into two and
each side is filled
alternately giving it a
plaited effect in the
centre, thus ideal to
make leaves or feathers.
APPLYING PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN IN
THE CREATION OF FREE-STYLE
EMBROIDERY PRODUCT
The free-style embroidered
bag above shows a
combination of colors,
repetition of lines and forms
are proportioned evenly. The
flowers at the center is the
focus of attention and
interest because it has the
biggest design, this applies
the principles of design
In producing free style embroidery products,
principles of design are very important because it
adds beauty and makes the product more attractive.
In choosing and organizing of form space texture and
color to produce beauty is referred as design. The
principles of design are based on the study of art
object. These are balance, emphasis, proportion
rhythm and proportion. This is also applied in
producing of free-style embroidery.
PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
1. Harmony
Harmony is the Law of Unity with variety. This
principle infers repetition of line, form, shape and
size.
Invisual design means all parts of the visual
image relate to and complement each other.
Harmony can be achieved through repetition of
color, lines and shape
2. Proportion
Pertains to the relationship in size between a part and the whole.
When the principle of proportion is applied to embroidery it is
usually in the relationship of size. That is, the size of one element
of the composition as compared to the size of another related
element. In the instance of a relationship of size a comparison is
made between the:
height, width and depth of one element to that of
another
size of one area to the size of another area
size of one element to the size of another element
amount of space between two or more elements
3.Balance in design is the distribution of
elements across the design. Balance is a visual
interpretation of gravity in the design. They
produce rest and composure.
Balance can be achieved in two ways:
1.Formal balance can be described as having
equal and the same sides
2. Informal balance can be described as
having both sides but one is different from the
other maybe in weight, designs, color value
and intensity.
4. Rhythm in design is also called repetition. Rhythm
allows your design to develop an internal consistency
that makes it easier for you to make designs. It can be
described as timed movement through space; an easy,
connected path along which the eye follows a regular
arrangement of motifs. It can be repeated to create a
rhythm to your designs or repeat a style throughout the
product to provide consistency
Emphasis in design is the center of interest, the placement of the most
important conceptual and visual portion of the image. The focal area does
not have to be located in the center of the image, placing it in off center to
the left or right and either above or below the center line adds to the
interest of the piece by giving the viewer introductory or supporting
information.
Designers use emphasis to help readers identify the relative
importance of each element in a composition.
To identify emphasis, look at a design and see if you can easily
answer these questions:
What is the first thing you see?(most emphasized element or focal point)
What is the second thing you see?(lesser emphasized element or
accents)
What is the third thing you see?
Activity
Direction: Cut out 2 pictures of different embroidered
products then identifies and explain the principles of
design being applied in the cut out pictures. Paste
them in a bond paper
Materials needed: Magazines, bond paper pastes
scissors
Complementary color scheme
Analogous color scheme
Triadic color scheme
DIRECTION: CLASSIFY THE FOLLOWING COLORS WRITE PC FOR PRIMARY
COLOR, SC FOR SECONDARY COLOR AND TC FOR TERTIARY COLOR. WRITE
YOUR ANSWER ON YOUR ANSWER SHEET.

1. Blue 6. Red-violet
2. Blue-violet 7. Violet
3. Green 8. Yellow
4. Orange 9. Yellow- orange
5. Red 10. Yellow-Green
TRANSFERRING DESIGNS

Hot-iron Transfer
Some designs sold in craft stores are printed on thin transfer
sheets. These are called hot-iron transfers, the easiest among
the three methods. To use a hot-iron transfer, first remove
excess paper around the design, place the design on the
fabric, then pin at the corners. Make sure your flatiron is at low
setting before pressing it over an area of the design for a few
seconds. Lift the iron then move it to another area of the
design. Remember not to glide the iron over the design as this
can ruin the design.
Tracing Method
Designs may also be transferred using a tracing wheel and preferably
dressmakers carbon paper. However, when no carbon paper of this
type is available, ordinary carbon paper may be used. Utmost care
should be taken though in using the latter type as it can smear badly on
the fabric. Remember to use light-colored carbon paper if your fabric is
of a light color.
The steps in this method are as follows:
1. Place your design right side up on your fabric then pin at the corners.
Slowly insert the carbon paper or dressmakers carbon, carbon side
down, between the design and fabric.
2. Using a tracing wheel, go over the lines of the design.
3. You may also use a pencil or any sharp or pointed instrument to trace
the design.
Stamping
In transferring designs by stamping, you will
need soft absorbent cloth, indigo,
kerosene or petroleum, sheets of
newspaper, your perforated design, and
the fabric onwhich you want to stamp your
design. A perforated pattern of your
design is made by pricking holes along the
lines of the design.
STEPS

1. Form the
soft
absorbent
cloth into ball
2. Mix 1 part
indigo and 1
parts kerosene or
petroleum to
make a smooth
thin paste. This
will be your
blueing mixture
3. Spread sheet of
newspaper on a flat
surface. Lay the fabric on
the newspapers. Be sure
the warp and woof
threads of the fabric are
aligned.
4. Lay the
perforated pattern
smooth side up on
the part of the
fabric where the
design is to be
placed. Pin the
corners of the
design.
5. DIP THE BALL OF CLOTH
IN BLUEING MIXTURE. RUB
THE BALL OF CLOTH OVER
THE DESIGN IN ONE
STROKE OR DIRECTION
ONLY.
6. To check if the
design had been
correctly
transferred, lift one
corner of the
pattern carefully
7.When the design has been fully
transferred, remove the
perforated pattern. Using a small
amount of kerosene, clear the
design of unwanted imprints. Air
dry your finished work.
DIRECTION: ARRANGE THE FOLLOWING STEPS CHRONOLOGICALLY . WRITE A
FOR THE FIRST STEP, B FOR THE SECOND AND SO ON. WRITE YOUR ANSWER
ON YOUR ACTIVITY NOTEBOOK

Hot-iron Transfer
_____1. Lift the iron then move it to another area of
the design.
_____2. Place the design on the fabric, then pin at the
corners.
_____3. Remove excess paper around the design.
_____4. Set flatiron at low setting before pressing it
over an area of the design for a few seconds.
Tracing Method
___1. Go over the lines of the design using a
tracing wheel, a pencil or any sharp or pointed
instrument to trace the design.
___2. Insert the carbon paper or dressmakers
carbon, carbon side down, between the design
and fabric.
___3. Place your design right side up on your
fabric then pin at the corners.
Stamping
_____1. Dip the ball of cloth in blueing mixture. Rub the ball of cloth
over the design in one stroke or direction only.
____2. Form the soft absorbent cloth into ball.
___3. Lay the perforated pattern smooth side up on the part of the
fabric where the design is to be placed.
___4. Lift one corner of the pattern carefully to check if the design
had been correctly transferred.
____5. Pin the corners of the design.
____6. Prepare the blueing mixture.
____7. Spread sheet of newspaper on a flat surface. Lay the fabric
on the newspapers.
____8. When the design has been fully transferred, remove the
perforated pattern.
GOOD WORKING HABITS

Itis not enough that you are aware of

the different embroidery stitches, tools
and materials needed in embroidery
work. How to do it correctly, neatly and
beautifully is also just important.
1. Have clean sewing box with complete sewing tools.
2. Wash your hand before working.
3. Assemble all needed materials.
4. Clip or tie your hair while working so you can see your work clearly.
5. Use the appropriate needle for the right kind of cloth. (See Fabric,
Needle and Thread, Combination on next page)
6. Put your scraps of cloth and thread in a plastic bag.
7. Use embroidery scissors in cutting thread, not your teeth.
8. An elbow length of thread is appropriate to use for easier sewing.
9. Work with your hands and not with your lips.
10. Follow the step-by-step procedure.
11. Fold correctly and keep your fabric in plastic after working each day.
12. Clean your working area before leaving the room.
 FABRIC, NEEDLE AND THREAD COMBINATIONS
Fabric Type Thread Type Needle
General Purpose Top Stitching Machine Handwork
Very lightweight: Batiste, Chiffon, Organza, Very fine or Very fine or 9/65 9 or 10
Voile and similar fabrics embroidery embroidery
Lightweight: Challis, Chambray, Crepe/Crepe All purpose blends All purpose 11/75 8 or 9
de Chine, Eyelet, Gauze, Georgette, Interlock, and 100% natural blends and
Jersey, Seersucker, Silk, Taffeta and similar threads including 100% natural
fabrics silk threads
including silk
Medium-weight: Broadcloth, brocade, chino, All purpose blends Topstitching, 11/75 or 7 or 8
chintz, corduroy, flannel, linen, pique, satin, and 100% natural buttonhole 14/90
shantung, suiting, sweatshirt, swimsuit, terry, threads including and twists
velour, velvet and similar fabrics silk
Medium-to-Heavyweight: denim, double knit, Topstitching, Topstitching, 14/90 or 6
drapery, fake-fur, fleece, gabardine, leather, buttonhole, twists, buttonhole, 16/100
quilted, ticking, twill, upholstery and similar and upholstery twists, and
fabrics upholstery
Heavyweight: canvas, ducking, sailcloth, Topstitching, Topstitching, 18/110 1-5
upholstery and similar fabrics buttonhole, twists, buttonhole,
and upholstery twists, and