Bell Ringer

1. Why is electricity important? (give at least 3

reasons!)
 Electricity Vocab
1. Ohm 10. Volt
2. Closed circuit 11. Conductor
3. Resistance 12. Battery
4. Ampere 13. Ohms Law
5. Switch 14. Open circuit
6. Electric current 15. Electric field
7. Voltage 16. Induction
8. Potentiometer 17. Static electricity
9. Resistor 18. Coulombs Law
 Bell Ringer
1. How is electricity harmful?
2. How is electricity helpful?
 Atoms
Have neutrons, protons, and electrons.
Protons are positively charged
Electrons are negatively charged
 Electrons
Are located on the outer edges of atoms.
A concentration of electrons in an atom
creates a net negative charge.
If electrons are stripped away, the atom
becomes positively charged.
The world is filled with electrical charges:

+
+ + -
- - + - +
+
- + + -
-
+ +
- - -
 What is this electrical potential called?

Static Electricity

-
- -
- - + ++
- - ++
 Static Electricity
The build up of an electric charge on the
surface of an object.
The charge builds up but does not flow.
Static electricity is potential energy.
 Static Discharge
Occurs when there is a loss of static electricity
due to three possible things:
Friction - rubbing
Conduction direct contact
Induction through an electrical field (not direct
contact)
 Electricity that moves
Current: The flow of electrons from one place
to another.
Measured in amperes (amps)
Kinetic energy
 How can we control currents?
With circuits.
Circuit: is a path for the flow of electrons. We
use wires.
 There are 2 types of currents:
Current (DC) Where electrons flow in
Direct
the same direction in a wire.
 There are 2 types of currents:
Alternating Current (AC) electrons flow in
different directions in a wire
 There are 2 types of circuits:
SeriesCircuit: the components are lined up
along one path. If the circuit is broken, all
components turn off.
Series Circuit
 There are 2 types of circuits:
Circuit there are several branching
Parallel
paths to the components. If the circuit is
broken at any one branch, only the
components on that branch will turn off.
Parallel Circuit
 Conductors vs. Insulators
Conductors material through which electric
current flows easily.

materials through which electric

Insulators
current cannot move.
 Examples
Conductors: Insulators:
Metal Styrofoam
Water Rubber
Plastic
Paper
 What is Resistance?
The opposition to the flow of an electric
current, producing heat.
The greater the resistance, the less current
gets through.
Good conductors have low resistance.
Measured in ohms.
 What Influences Resistance?
Material of wire aluminum and copper have low
resistance
Thickness the thicker the wire the lower the
resistance
Length shorter wire has lower resistance
Temperature lower temperature has lower
resistance
 What is Voltage?
The measure of energy given to the charge
flowing in a circuit.
The greater the voltage, the greater the force
or pressure that drives the charge through
the circuit.
 Difference b/t Volts and Amps
Example you could say that
Amps measure how much water comes out of a
hose.
Volts measure how hard the water comes out of
a hose.
 Ohms Law

Resistance = Voltage / Current

Ohms = Volts / Amps

R = V/I
 Practice with Ohms Law
Ohms Volts Amps
4 100 25
15 150 10
2 30 15
9 45 5
6 48 8
 Exit Ticket
1. A current of 3.7 amps is running through a circuit
like the one above with a resistance of 1.5 ohms.
What is the voltage?
2. If the current in the circuit above is 10 amps and
the resistance is 3 ohms, what is the voltage?
3. If the battery in the circuit above is 24 V and the
resistance is 12 ohms, what is the current, I?