LVDC DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS IN FUTURE

RESIDENTIAL POWER SYSTEMS

INTRO 766

Andreea Z., Bogdan B., Noman K., Aparajith S.

Department of Energy Technology

Aalborg University, Denmark
 Outline

Introduction

Beneficts, Challenges and Barriers

Optimum Voltage Levels

Problem Analysis

State of the art

Conclusions and Future Work

 Introduction
Applications and Industries using DC systems

Automotive: 12V distributions system.

Aerospace: PV only source of energy.
Traction: Railway systems typically runs on DC.
HVDC: huge improvement for long distance transmission.
Telecom: 48V systems for integration of UPS.
Data centers: Industry is switching to 380-400V systems.
Marine: DC distribution for electrical propulsion.
 Advantages, Challenges and Barriers
DC vs AC
Why DC systems instead of AC?
Simpler systems
No synchronization is required
No point for power factor
correction
Reduced losses
No reactive power loading the
transmission lines
No skin effects

DC for residential applications

Renewable energy generators and
storage systems are DC-based
Strong presence of DC loads
Future integration of electric vehicles
 Optimum Voltage Level

Low Voltage.
400 VDC: Widely used in data
centers.
325 VDC: Equal to the peak of AC
phase voltage.
230 VDC: No modification of the
resistive loads is required

Ultra Low Voltage.

120 VDC: Damage by electrical
shock still reduced.
48 VDC: Used in telecomunication
industry.
 Problem Analysis

DC is less In the
Mostly all
dangerou present
electrical The DC DC grids
Feasible DC s than AC there is a
devices failures are more
infrastructure for the wide range
work with are quite energy
investments human of
DC low efficient
body convertors
Causes

Replacing the LVAC grids with LVDC in

future residential homes

Effects
All Target for
Cheaper electrical national
Low demand
electrical devices energy
of convertors
devices must be efficiency
changed
 State of the art
1879: Thomas Edison patented an incandescent electric lamp in 1879 on DC supply.

1880: Edison started General Electric.

1882: Edison builds Pearl Street DC station in NYC.

1887: Nikola Tesla created 7 patents with more than 20 articles on AC supply.

1888: AC versus DC solution battle was started by George Westinghouse, when he opposed Edisons
DC solution, and afterwards it was known as War of currents.

1910: The arrival of electronic technology with numbers of electronic devices which were used in war
and industrial applications.

End of 1900: Arrival of numerous home peripheral electronic devices, Due to the start of information
age as the key of technologies. All the electronic devices operate on DC supply.

Currently, the overall load of electricity due to electronic devices it is more than 70% and load will
increase up to 95% in the upcoming 2030.

Therefore, DC distribution systems are one of the promising solution for future power distribution
systems and it is easy to integrate with renewable Energy sources i.e. wind power generation
systems and PV.
 State of the art
DC Lighting Demonstration in Philips Research Center (Eindhoven)

LVDC distribution system at 380 VDC

Efficiency Improvements

U. Boeke and M. Wendt, DC power grids for buildings, in DC Microgrids (ICDCM), 2015 IEEE First Int. Conf., June
2015, pp. 210214.
 Comparison between AC and DC
DC systems in residential applications
 Conclusions and Future Work

Few studies about the economical advantages of LVDC

distributions systems

Development of standards

Development of the simulation Matlab/Simulink

Compare the results

Thank you for your attention!

INTRO 766