WHATS

THE BEST
DIET FOR
HUMANS?
GROUP 2
 In 2016, more than 1.9 billion adults, 18 years and older, were
overweight. Of these over 650 million were obese.
41 million children under the age of 5 were overweight or
obese in 2016.
Over 340 million children and adolescents aged 5-19 were
overweight or obese in 2016.
 Overweight,
Others , 48% 39%

Obese, 13%
 Chart Title
Men Women

40%

39%

Overweight
 Men Women

15%

11%

Obese

about 13% of the worlds adult population (11% of men

and 15% of women) were obese in 2016.
WHAT IS PLANT
BASED DIET?
 It aims to maximize consumption of nutrient-dense
plant foods while minimizing processed foods, oils,
and animal foods (including dairy products and
eggs).
It encourages lots of vegetables (cooked or raw),
fruits, beans, peas, lentils, soybeans, seeds, and
nuts (in smaller amounts) and is generally low fat.
It should be noted that the term plant-based is
sometimes used interchangeably
with vegetarian or vegan.
DIFFERENCE
OF
VEGETARIAN
AND VEGAN
 Vegan
Vegetarian
vegans they consume no
Vegetarians do not animal produce at all.
eat meat but will
continue to consume Animal products are
dairy products and important sources of protein,
eggs non-saturated fats, iron,
vitamins, and minerals in the
standard diet of a person in
the U.S.
A vegan needs to find
alternative sources of the said
nutrients.
 Vegetarian diets fall into three main categories based on the
types of food eaten. A vegan does not eat meat, poultry, fish,
eggs or dairy products.
Lacto-vegetarian diet does not include meat, poultry, fish or
eggs - lacto-vegetarians will eat dairy products, such as milk,
cheese and yogurt.
Lacto-ovo vegetarian diet only excludes meat, fish and
poultry, while eggs and dairy products are allowed.
Ovo vegetarians:Vegetarians who avoid all animal products
except eggs.
 Veganism is currently defined by the Vegan Society as a way
of living that attempts to exclude all forms of animal
exploitation and cruelty as much as possible.
Therefore, a vegan diet not only excludes animal flesh, but
also dairy, eggs and animal-derived ingredients. These
include gelatin, honey, carmine, pepsin, shellac, albumin,
whey, casein and some forms of vitamin D3.
VEGAN WORLD
POPULATION
 11,000 adults aged 17 and over, only 2% of Americans are
vegetarian.
Only one-in-four vegetarians or 0.5% of the U.S adult
population is vegan.
Half of 1% of the U.S population or 1.62 million is vegan.
Only about 1/8 Americans considered themselves as
vegetarians/vegans.
Roughly 88% of Americans always considered themselves
omnivorous/carnivorous.
74% are female
69% 68%
63% 59%
52%

29%
21% 22%
11% 7%

Factors
Health
Taste Preference
Animal Protection
Digusted about eating animals
Environmental Concern
Cost
Social Influence
Social Justice/ World Hunger
Religious Beliefs
Food trend
 There are more vegans in the lower end of the income range.
6% of the survey respondents between 18 and 34 were
vegetarians compared to only 2% who were over 55. Young
people are more likely to make less money than older adults
as more of them are students or are starting their careers.
 Over
$100,000,
$75,000- 2%
$100,000, 1%

Under
$50,000 , 7%
$50,000-
$75,000,
2%
 WHY
IS
IT A
TREND TO
TEENAGERS?
Megan Malthouse, 17, Hampshire
Isabella Hood, 15, Matakana, New Zealand
WHAT ARE
THE
BENEFITS?
 Obesity
A meta-analysis of adult vegetarian diet studies estimated a
reduced weight difference of 7.6 kg for men and 3.3 kg for
women, which resulted in a 2-point lower BMI.

Diabetes
Nonvegetarians were 74% more likely to develop diabetes over
a 17-year period than vegetarians. In 2009, a study involving
more than 60,000 men and women found that the prevalence of
diabetes in individuals on a vegan diet was 2.9%, compared with
7.6% in the nonvegetarians.
In addition, 43% of people on the low-fat vegan diet were able
to reduce their medication, compared with 26% of those on the
American Diabetes Association diet.
 Heart Disease
The vegetarians had a 24% reduction in ischemic
heart disease death rates compared with
nonvegetarians.

High Blood Pressure

Vegetarian diets were associated with lower
systolic blood pressure and lower diastolic blood
pressure.
 Mortality

In 2012, Huang et al performed a meta-analysis to

investigate cardiovascular disease mortality among
vegetarians and nonvegetarians. They only
included studies that reported relative risks and
corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Seven
studies with a combined total of 124,706
participants were analyzed. Vegetarians had 29%
lower ischemic heart disease mortality than
nonvegetarians.
THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING