Management & Organizations

Week 1
 Who are the managers?

They get things done through their

organizations. Managers are the executive
function of the organization, responsible for
building and coordinating an entire system
rather than performing specifi c tasks. That is,
rather than doing all the work themselves, good
managers create the systems and conditions
that enable others to perform those tasks
 What is an organization ?

Our formal defi nition of an organization is a

social entity that is goal directed and
deliberately structured. Social entity means
being made up of two or more people. Goal
directed means designed to achieve some
outcome, such as make a profi t
 People

Purpose

Systemic
structure
 Top level
managers
Middle
managers
First line managers

Operatives
 Defining management .

The art of getting things done through people.

Management is the attainment of organizational
goals in an effective and effi - cient manner
through planning, organizing, leading, and
controlling organizational resources.
The process
Efficiency (resources, input vs output)
vs effectiveness

Organizational effectiveness is the degree to which the

organization achieves a stated goal, or succeeds in
accomplishing what it tries to do. Organizational
effectiveness means providing a product or service that
customers value. Organizational effi ciency refers to the
amount of resources used to achieve an organizational
goal. It is based on how much raw materials, money, and
people are necessary for producing a given volume of
output. Effi ciency can be calculated as the amount of
resources used to produce a product or service
Can organizations be effective but not efficient
and vise versa?

How , examples
Management functions
What are they?
Early part of century , Henry Fayol plan,
organize, command, coordinate, control

Mid 1950s - UCLA professors planning,

organizing, controlling, directing, staffing

Then what?
Planning Organizing Leading Controlling
Lead to

Defining goals, Determining what Directing and Monitoring

Achieving the
establishing strategy, needs to be done, motivating all activities to organizations
and developing how it will be involved parties ensure that stated
subplans to done, and who is and resolving they are purpose
coordinate to do it conflicts accomplished
as planned
Managerial roles : Henry Mintzberg
Interpersonal
Figurehead
Leader
Liaison

Informational
Disseminator
Spokesperson
Monitor
Decisional
Entrepreneur
Disturbance handler
Resource allocator
Negotiator
Which role is important at which managerial
level?

How they are linked to management process?

Is the managers job universal?
Organization level.
Organization type..

Private vs public
The myths : political influence, more
administrative work, lazy less motivated
Organizational size.
Across borders..
Organizations
Complex why ?

Level of interaction individuals , individual to

org, org to org, organizations and environment
Environmental and social issues
in management
Organizations and its environment are
interdependent
 People
Physical resources and climate
Economic and market conditions
Attitudes social, cultural, religious
Political environment
Laws
 The Environment

Elements of the environment include persons, physical resources and climate,

economic and market conditions, attitudes, and laws.

Input . The environment of an Output. An organization can continue

organization provides the to exist when it provides goods or
resources, opportunities, and services desired by its environment.
limits that determine the nature Its activities must be acceptable to
and success of an organization. the environment.

An Organization

Feedback. The environment reacts to

the output of an organization. Based
on this reaction, the environment
determines its future inputs into the
organization.
Effects of environment on organization set
limits, provide opportunities and challenge

Effects of organization on environment

production of goods and services, by-products
What happens when the environment changes?
Organizations growth and development
What is the difference
Organizational objectives the hierarchy
Distant
future

Visionary
objectives
Time
Attainable
objectives

Immediate
Near objective
future
What happens when the org reaches the top
Hierarchy of objectives
Collect reading /LMS & come prepared
HBR- The managers Job