Semester 1 2016/2017

Lecturer : Mohd Asyraf Che Doi & Puan Norashiken

Othman
PLV: Ahmad Syauqi Amar Muhammad
Contact: 0196094098 (Asyraf )
Email: asyraf@unimap.edu.my /
norashiken@unimap.edu.my / syauqi@unimap.edu.my
Room: MPU3
Timetable:
Monday 11am-1pm / BPU5)
Wednesday (11am-1pm/MPU3) Lab
Wednesday (2pm-3pm/BPU4)
 Course Outcome, CO
CO1: Ability to define and explain
ergonomics principles and human
capabilities, and its application in
design.
CO2: Ability to apply and analyze
anthropometric data in design.
CO3: Ability to analyze and evaluate
products safety using suitable methods.
CO4: Ability to design and evaluate
products using ergonomics principles
and methods.
Mark Distribution
Peperiksaan/ Examination: 50%
Mid Term Examination = 10%
Final Examination = 40%

Kerja kursus/course work: 50%

Lab Report = 15%
Quiz = 5%
Mini Project = 30%
Course Contents
Ergonomics in Design
Human Capacity
Application of Anthropometry in Design
Usability
Design for Safety
Design of Equipment and Hand-Operated Devices
Product Evaluation Methods
Comfort and Design
Design for Special Population
 Assignment 1
1 page
Summary on Product Ergonomics and Safety
(videos / books / notes etc)
Email assignment to m.asyraf1976@gmail.com
MINI PROJECT
Group (3-4)
Combine with Finite Analysis project (En Jamali)
Design chair for specific application
PRODUCT SAFETY
A common approach to improving
product safety is to provide
warnings, labels, and instruction
manuals which inform and warn
the user about appropriate and
inappropriate product operation.
(Prof Alan Hedge)
 ERGONOMICLY DESIGNED
PRODUCT
By definition, an ergonomically designed
product should be one that is most
appropriate to the task to be performed, that
best fits the range of product users in terms
of their dimensions, abilities, expectations
and skills, and that is the easiest to use in an
efficient way (Prof Alan Hedge)
Ergonomically designed products are not inherently more expensive to
produce than non-ergonomic counterparts. What truly differentiates
ergonomically designed products is that they are the outcome of a
systematic application of human factors principles and knowledge
to the product design and development process.
The fundamental goal of human
factors in consumer product design
is to reduce the cognitive demands
as much as possible so that even the
most complex of products is
inherently easy to use by the
broadest possible range of people.
(Prof Alan Hedge)
 What is Ergonomics ?

From Greek Word,

ERGO = Work and NOMOS =
Rules or Law
ERGONOMICS = The Laws of
Work
What is Ergonomics ?
The science of work: the people
who do it and the way its
done, of the tools and
equipment they use, the place
they work in, and the
psychosocial aspects of the
working situation.
What is Ergonomics ?

FITTING THE JOB

TO WORKER AND
PRODUCT TO USER
 What is Ergonomics ?
Principle of User
Centered Design
If an object, a system or
environment is intended for
human use, then its design
should be based upon the
physical and mental
characteristics of its human users
EXAMPLE Mini Project
EXAMPLE SOLUTION
FITTING THE TASK TO HUMAN
ERGONOMICS APPLIES
EVERYWHERE
 What is ergonomics?
OSHA definition:
the science of
designing the job to fit the
worker, instead of forcing
the worker to fit the job

FITTING THE TASK TO HUMAN

 What is ergonomics?
Working definition:
Balancing job demands and limitation of the human
body to get optimum outcome

Worker Job
Capabilities Demands
Ergonomics risk factors
Repetition
Awkward Posture
Static Posture
Forceful Exertion
Contact Stress
Vibration
Environment (Noise, Temperature
and humidity, Lighting, Ventilation)
Repetition
Repetition
Awkward posture
Awkward posture
Awkward posture
Awkward posture
Static posture
Static posture
Forceful exertion
Forceful exertion
Contact stress
Contact stress
 Carpal tunnel syndrome

Impingement
of the median
nerve caused
by irritation
and swelling
of the tendons
in the carpal
tunnel
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Back pain
Hand-arm vibration syndrome
Cubital
Tunnel
Syndrome
Pressure
on the
ulnar Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
nerve Compression of the
when the blood vessels between
elbows the neck and
are
shoulder caused by
exposed
to hard reaching above
surfaces shoulder level or
carrying heavy
objects
 Ergonomics intervention
In most cases, ergonomics
interventions have been
reactive, initiated after an
injury has occurred and after
losses have been sustained to
both the organization and the
worker(s).
Different forms of intervention:
Workstation improvement for physical
changes,
Operators training for qualitative
changes of operators conception and
skill,
Work organization change for
improving person-person interaction,
Technology change for improving
person-machine interaction,
Work systems improvement for
optimizing system interfaces.
EXAMPLE OF INTERVENTION
Example of intervention
Example of intervention
Example of intervention
Example of INTERVENTION
- Reduce repetition
Using mechanical devices
PRODUCT IMPROVEMENT
EXAMPLE PIPETTE