Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
normal anatomy
physiologic changes
developmental abnormalities
inflammations
fibrocystic changes
tumors
benign
malignant
pathology of the male breast
Normal anatomy
before puberty breasts in both sexes ducts
variable degrees of branching, lack lobules
15 to 25 lactiferous ducts
start in the nipple branch terminal
ductal lobular unit (intralobular duct, multiple
lobular ducts, ductules or acini + intralobular
connective tissue)
hormonally responsive
Physiologic changes
Lactating Adenoma
enlarging masses during lactation or pregnancy
prominent secretory change
Intraductal papilloma
in the mammary ducts, subareolar lactiferous ducts
periductal inflammation, duct sclerosis
serous or bloody nipple discharge
fibrosis, infarction, squamous metaplasia
Cystosarcoma phyllodes
(phyllodes tumor)
initial description - over 150 years ago - fleshy tumor,
leaf-like pattern and cysts on cut surface
circumscribed, connective tissue and epithelial
elements ( fibroadenomas = greater connective tissue
cellularity), 1-15 cm
less than 1 % of breast tumors
benign, malignant low grade
high grade
metastases are hematogenous
Proliferative changes
ductal and lobular hyperplasia
atypical ductal and lobular hyperplasia
Lobular in situ
Ductal invasive
+ other types (12)
Lobular invasive
Carcinoma in situ