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Control
Not only man-made, e.g. Volcanoes release gasses that is harmful to life, affect
global climate and cause acid rain.
Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) / Cradle to grave analysis can pinpoint steps in
processes that can either be eliminated or made more efficient
Therefore:
Regulation: Pass laws requiring less pollution. Most useful when polluters
are few in numbers and pollution can be easily monitored, e.g. hazardous
waste of large factories.
Incentives: Reward behavior that reduces pollution, e.g. tax incentives and
subsidies for renewable energy use. Much lower cost than regulation.
Examples: (1) deposits paid when potential waste is purchased and (2) pay
as you throw schemes, where the polluter has to pay for discarding waste
Controlling pollution
Implementing pollution control
Regulation: Pass laws requiring less pollution. Most useful when polluters
are few in numbers and pollution can be easily monitored, e.g. hazardous
waste of large factories.
Incentives: Reward behavior that reduces pollution, e.g. tax incentives and
subsidies for renewable energy use. Much lower cost than regulation.
Examples: (1) deposits paid when potential waste is purchased and (2) pay
as you throw schemes, where the polluter has to pay for discarding waste