Present Simple

Present Simple
o equivalente, na lngua inglesa, ao
Presente do Indicativo.

Ao fazermos uso deste tempo, inferimos se

tratar de uma enunciao relacionada ao
momento presente.
 Use the Simple Present to express the idea
that an action is repeated or usual.

The action can be a habit, a hobby, a daily

event, a scheduled event or something that
often happens.

It can also be something a person often

forgets or usually doesnt do.
 Examples:
I play tennis.
She does not play tennis.
The train leaves every morning at 8 AM.
The train does not leave at 9 AM.
She always forgets her purse.
He never forgets his wallet.
Every twelve months, the Earth circles the
Sun.
 Identificamos o Present Simple atravs:

When something is true in general.

Fatos e situaes atuais em nossa vida:

My wife works in a hospital as a nurse.

Birds fly.
Cats like milk.
Birds do not like milk.
California is in America.
Windows are made of glass.
Windows are not made of wood.
New York is a small city. It is not important that this fact is
untrue.
 Scheduled Events in the Near Future
Aes futuras relacionadas com horrio fixado

My parents arrive tonight.

The train leaves tonight at 6 PM.

The party starts at 8 o'clock.

Feelings, opinions, desires:

She likes roses.

 We use to say that something happens all the time
Uma ao habitual, ou seja, aquilo que
costumamos fazer sempre:
I always go to work at 8:00 a.m.

Usually we use the adverbs of time:

always, often, usually, frequently, sometimes, never, every day, on
weekends, on Tuesdays, etc.
Personal Pronouns: representa as pessoas do discurso e tem a funo do
sujeito da orao.

I - Eu

You - Voc

He - Ele

She - Ela

It - Neutro

We - Ns

You - Vocs

They - Eles
To work
Verbo (infinitivo):
 Present simple

Rules
Affirmative

I Work

You Work

He Works 10 hours a day

She works

It works Trabalhar/ funcionar

We work

You work

They work
Negative Contractions

I do not work I don't work

you do not work You don't work

He does not work He doesn't work

She does not work She doesn't work

It does not work It doesn't work

We do not work We don't work

you do not work You don't work

They do not work They don't work

 Short answers

Interrogative Affimative Negative

Do I Work? Yes, i do No, i don't

Do you work? Yes, you do No, you don't

Does he work? Yes, he does No, he doesn't

10 hours a day
Does she work? Yes, she does No, she doesn't

Does it work? Yes, it does No, it doesn't

Do we work? Yes, we do No, we don't

Do you work? Yes, you do No, you don't

Do they work? Yes, they do No, they don't

 Daily Routines

Some Variants
1. When the verb ends in:

O sh ch and - ss

General rule 3rd person singular

I you- we- they He- she- it

Go Goes
Brush Brushes
Watch Watches
kiss kisses
 Some Variants

To form the third-person singular (he, she, it) of verbs, we change a -y ending to
-ie- before adding s:
2. When the verb ends in Y preceded by a consonant -

General rule 3rd person singular

I you- we- they He- she- it

Cry Cries

Study Studies
 Be careful!
We don't change -y to i when the word ends in
-ay, -ey, -oy, -uy:

play plays
enjoy enjoys
buy buys
a) Andrew _______________ in Sao Paulo, Brazil. ( to live )

b) Jennifer and I ______________ up early on Saturdays. ( to get )

c) We _________________ in good luck and bad luck. ( to believe )

d) I _______________ a blue dress every Sunday. ( to wear )

e) He _____________ soccer every Saturday with friends. ( to play )

f) Julio _____________ his father at work. ( to help )

g) Sarah _________________ the dish after work. ( to wash )

h) Lisa ______________________ English at School ( to study )

Os pronomes objetos servem para substituir os objetos diretos ou indiretos.
Eles sempre devem vir aps verbos ou preposies.
 Reflexive Pronouns
Os Pronomes Reflexivos so usados para
indicar que a ao reflexiva recai sobre o
prprio sujeito. Nesse caso, o pronome vem
logo aps o verbo e concorda com o sujeito.
Estes pronomes se caracterizam pelas
terminaes self (no singular) e selves (no
plural).
 Examples

He hurt himself last week.

Jane killed herself.
Take care of yourself! (Cuide-se!)

Os Pronomes Reflexivos podem ser precedidos pela preposio by. Nesse caso, os
reflexivos tm o sentido de sozinho (alone). Algumas vezes, a palavra all colocada
antes de by, servindo ento como enfatizante. Observe os exemplos:

She was waiting for her husband by herself.

Did you go to the park by yourself?

Sometimes Richard prefers to be by himself.

 Possessive Adjective
Adjectives are words that describe or modify
other words, making your writing and speaking
much more specific giving more information
about the object signified.
a new car (um carro novo)
a new house (uma casa nova)
a green pencil (um lpis verde)
a green pen (uma caneta verde)
a blond boy (um menino loiro)
a blond girl (uma menina loira)

Possessive Adjectives:

Pronomes Possessivos Adjetivos

Os adjetivos possessivos modificam substantivos, so sempre acompanhados e precedidos de
substantivos.

My jacket is new. (Minha jaqueta nova.)

This is your pencil. [Este (o) seu lpis.]

Our car is red. (Nosso carro vermelho.)

 Possessive Adjective
b) Os Adjetivos Possessivos em Ingls, no se
flexionam, valem tanto para o singular como
para o plural.

This is our book.

These are our books.
LEMBRAR: O Pronome
This is your book
Possessivo Adjetivo
These are your books.
(Possessive Adjective)
est sempre diretamente
My car, my cars ligado a um substantivo.
Your car, your cars

His car, his cars

Their car, their cars

Em ingls, nunca se usa artigo (the, a, an) na

frente dos pronomes possessivos.
 POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS

2. Pronomes Possessivos Substantivos a) Os

Pronomes Possessivos (Possessive
Pronouns) nunca so usados antes de
substantivo, pois sua funo substitu-lo a
fim de evitar repetio.
A possessive pronoun (yours, mine, etc.)
replaces a possessive adjective + noun
(your team, my job).

Compare estas duas frases:

Is that car your car? (Aquele carro o seu carro?)
Is that car yours? (Aquele carro o seu?)

mine Those jumpers are mine.

yours These shirts are yours.
his The blue bicycle is his.
hers The red bicycle is hers.
ours Those books are ours.
theirs This restaurant is theirs.
My car is blue, yours is red. (Em vez de
My car is blue, your car is red.)
Your car is red, mine is blue. (em vez de
Your car is red, my car is blue.)
His car is green, hers is pink (em vez de
His car is green, her car is pink.)

My team is better than yours.

(My team is better than your team.)
Her job is more interesting than mine.
(Her job is more interesting than my job.)
Os Pronomes Possessivos (Possessive
Pronouns) podem ser usados em construes
com a preposio of.

Daniel and John are friends of ours. (Daniel e

Joo so nossos amigos.)

She is a relative of his. (Ela parente dele.)

He was an enemy of hers. (Ele era um inimigo

dela.)

He is a friend of mine. (Ele um dos

meus amigos.)

She is wearing a dress of hers. (Ela est

usando um dos vestidos dela. / Ela est
usando um dos seus vestidos.)