Dasar-Dasar Sistem Informasi

Careers and global

challenges in Information
system
Oleh :
Fajrin Nurman Arifin, S.T., M.Eng
A. Careers In Information System

• Realizing the benefits of any information system requires competent and motivated IS personnel, and many
companies offer excellent job opportunities (Knowledge Workers). They are usually professionals in science,
engineering, business, and other areas that specialize in information systems.
• Skills that some experts believe are important for IS workers to have include those in the following list.
Nontechnical skills are also important for IS personnel, including communication skills, a detailed knowledge of
the organization, and how information systems can help the organization achieve its goals. All of the following
skills are discussed in the chapters throughout this book.

1. Program and application development 2. Help Desk and technical support

3. Project management 4. Networking
5. Business intelligence 6. Security
7. Data center 8. Telecommunications.
B. Roles, Function, and Careers on Information System
B.1. Typical IS Titles and Function

Chief Information Officer

• The role of the chief information officer (CIO) is to employ an IS department’s equipment and personnel to help
the organization attain its goals. The CIO is usually a vice president concerned with the overall needs of the
organization, sets corporate- wide policies, and plans, manages, and acquires information systems.
• The high level of the CIO position reflects that information is one of the organization’s most important
resources. A good CIO is typically a visionary who provides leadership and direction to the IS department to help
an organization achieve its goals. CIOs need both technical and business skills. In giving advice to other CIOs, the
CIO of Wipro said, “Keep in close touch with the business side and focus on delivering continuous business
value”.
B.1. Typical IS Titles and Function
LAN Administrators
Local area network (LAN) administrators set up and manage the network hardware, software, and security
processes. They manage the addition of new users, software, and devices to the network. They also isolate
and fix operations problems. LAN administrators are in high demand and often solve both technical and
nontechnical problems.
B.1. Typical IS Titles and Function
Internet Careers
The use of the Internet to conduct business continues to grow and has stimulated a steady need for skilled
personnel to develop and coordinate Internet usage. As shown in Figure, these careers are in the areas of
Web operations, Web development, and Web administration. As with other areas in IS, many top-level
administrative jobs are related to the Internet. These career opportunities are found in both traditional
companies and those that specialize in the Internet.

 Popular certification programs include Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer, Certified Information
Systems Security Professional (CISSP), Oracle Certified Professional, Cisco Certified Security Professional
(CCSP), and many others
C. Global Challenges in Information System

• Changes in society as a result of increased international trade and cultural exchange, often called
globalization, have always had a significant impact on organizations and their information systems.
• Global markets have expanded. People and companies can get products and services from around the
world, instead of around the corner or across town. These opportunities, however, introduce numerous
obstacles and issues, including challenges involving culture, language, and many others.
C. Global Challenges in Information System

 Cultural challenges. Countries and regional areas have their own cultures and customs that can significantly
affect individuals and organizations involved in global trade.
 Language challenges. Language differences can make it difficult to translate exact meanings from one
language to another.
 Time and distance challenges. Time and distance issues can be difficult to overcome for individuals and
organizations involved with global trade in remote locations. Large time differences make it difficult to talk to
people on the other side of the world. With long distance, it can take days to get a product, a critical part, or
a piece of equipment from one location to another location.
 Infrastructure challenges. High-quality electricity and water might not be available in certain parts of the
world. Telephone services, Internet connections, and skilled employees might be expensive or not readily
available.
 Currency challenges. The value of different currencies can vary significantly over time, making international
trade more difficult and complex.
 Product and service challenges. Traditional products that are physical or tangible, such as an automobile or
bicycle, can be difficult to deliver to the global market. However, electronic products (e-products) and
electronic services (e-services) can be delivered to customers electronically.
C. Global Challenges in Information System

 Technology transfer issues. Most governments don’t allow certain military-related equipment and systems to
be sold to some countries. Even so, some believe that foreign companies are stealing intellectual property,
trade secrets, and copyrighted materials, and counterfeiting products and services.
 State, regional, and national laws. Each state, region, and country has a set of laws that must be obeyed by
citizens and organizations operating in the country. These laws can deal with a variety of issues, including
trade secrets, patents, copyrights, protection of personal or financial data, privacy, and much more. Laws
restricting how data enters or exits a country are often called transborder data-flow laws. Keeping track of
these laws and incorporating them into the procedures and computer systems of multinational and
transnational organizations can be very difficult and time consuming, requiring expert legal advice.
 Trade agreements. Countries often enter into trade agreements with each other. The North American Free
Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) are examples. The
European Union (EU) is another example of a group of countries with an international trade agreement. The
EU is a collection of mostly European countries that have joined together for peace and prosperity. Additional
trade agreements include the Australia-United States Free Trade Agreement (AUSFTA), signed into law in
2005, and the Korean-United States Free Trade Agreement (KORUSFTA), signed into law in 2007.
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