MUHAMMAD AIZAD FIKRI BIN AZMI

Bachelor of Engineering (Hons) Mechanical (EM220)

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
2011125709
Advisor: DR IR MOHD AZMI YUNUS

IDENTIFICATION OF DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTIC OF STEEL

FRAME STRUCTURE
ABSTRACT
The dynamic characteristic of complex assemble structures such as bicycle frame are very difficult to model in finite element due to invalid assumption such as the material
properties, joints and the boundary condition. In this final year project , the dynamic characteristic of a complex structure of a bicycle frame are investigated. Firstly, the
dynamic characteristic of the bicycle frame is predicted using the finite analysis software. The experimental modal analysis with free-free boundary conditions are performed
in order to identification of dynamic characteristic of bicycle structure. The experimental data is then used as a benchmark to improve the model of the finite element of the
bicycle frame. The model correlation procedure via finite element model updating method is used to improved the finite element model of the bicycle frame. In this experiment,
the impact hammer is used to excite the structure. Meanwhile the roving accelerometer is used to measure the response of the structure. The initial result of the finite element
will be compared with the experiment data. Then the finite element model updating will be used to improved the correlation between the finite element and experiment data. The
result shows the result of natural frequencies obtained from the experimental analysis and the update result shows a good consistency.

INTRODUCTION RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

. Vibration can give effect to a system. For

Finite Element
example the noise come out from car engine cause
uncomfortable feeling to the passenger and driver. The
effect of vibration can cause damage to the structure Nodes 9174 MODE 3
for instance the Basse Chain Bridge which collapse
Element 9387
and kills 200 French soldiers while they are marching
across it. The marching of the soldiers on the bridge DOF 5504
produces vibration effect to the bridge and cause the
bridge collapse. However, some application need to
Quad4 8884
vibrate. Tria3 503
In this project student will need to perform
experimental and simulation work of steel structure.
Size 4
The bicycle frame will be used as case study. In this FEA 252 Hz EMA 249.5 Hz
project the experimental modal analysis (EMA) and
numerical analysis via finite element analysis(FEA) will
be used to identify the dynamic characteristic of the MODE 1 MODE 4
bicycle frame.

OBJECTIVE/SCOPE OF PROJECT
To identify the dynamic characteristic of complex
frame structure.

SCOPE OF PREJECT
FEA 348 Hz EMA 348 Hz
FEA 102 Hz EMA104.5 Hz
1. Conduct the experimental work via Bruel & Kjaer
data acquisition system. MODE 2 MODE 5
2. Conduct finite element analysis.

PROJECT METHODOLOGY

START
FEA 227 Hz EMA 228 Hz FEA 492.4 Hz EMA 495 Hz

PERCENTAGE ERROR

CATIA drawing Mode FEA (Hz) EMA (Hz) Error %

Experiment setup
preparation
1 102 104.5 2.4
2 227 228 0.4
CATIA drawing Analysis of frame
3 252 249.5 1.0
4 348 348 0
FEA Experimental data 5 492.4 495 0.53

Compare data

END

EMA in progress Schematic diagram of EMA

SELECTED FRAME CONCLUSION

The objective of this final year project have been achieved which is identify the dynamic characteristic of steel
frame structure. The 5 mode shapes and frequency were identified and has been compared. The minimum average
for eigenvalue that has been recorded is 103.25 Hz and the maximum is 493.7 Hz. The eigenvector that we can see
that the bicycle frame has torsion and bending. From the mode shape of experimental modal analysis, more
practice need to be done to have better mode shape.

(a) (b)
Figure 1: (a) Picture of bicycle frame
(b) Part modeling by using CATIA Part Design

© Mech Eng SEP 2014’