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Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
A. 3G Overview
B. CDMA Principle
C. WCDMA Architecture and Protocol Structure
D. WCDMA Wireless Fundamental
UMTS Overview
3G Overview
UMTS Overview
Cellular Evolution 3G
Multimedia
Intermediate
2.5G Multimedia
2G Packet Data
1G Digital Voice
Analog Voice W-CDMA
GPRS (UMTS)
GSM
EDGE
115 Kbps
NMT 9.6 Kbps 384 Kbps Up to 2 Mbps
GSM/
GPRS TD-SCDMA
TDMA
(Overlay)
TACS 115 Kbps 2 Mbps ?
9.6 Kbps
PDC
9.6 Kbps
cdma2000
AMPS CDMA 1xRTT 1X-EV-DO
CDMA 1X-EV-DV
T1
3GPP ITU IMT-2000
IMT-2000
Standard
Standard
TTC
TTA
915 920 925 930 935 940 945 950 955 960
ISAT TSEL XL
1805 1810 1815 1820 1825 1830 1835 1840 1845 1850 1855 1860 1865 1870 1875 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1905 1910 1915
XL ISAT TSEL NTS TSEL ISAT TSEL HCPT Smart
UMTS Overview
Spectrum Frequency 3G Allocation
1920 1925 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985
New XL
HCPT NTS TSEL XL ISAT Frequency Smart
2110 2115 2120 2125 2130 2135 2140 2145 2150 2155 2160 2165 2170 2175
New XL
HCPT NTS TSEL XL ISAT Frequency
2300 2305 2310 2315 2320 2325 2330 2335 2340 2345 2350 2355 2360 2365 2370 2375 2380 2385 2390 2395 2400
2500 2505 2510 2515 2520 2525 2530 2535 2540 2545 2550 2555 2560 2565 2570 2575 2580 2585 2590 2595 2600 2605 2610
Glossary
EGSM (Extended GSM)
EGSM extends the frequency bands of GSM 900 giving it added network
capacity.
Most new phones listed as GSM 900 also support EGSM.
UMTS Overview
WCDMA Band
• Main Bands
– 1920 ~ 1980 MHz / 2110 – 2170 MHz
• Supplementary bands : different country
might be different
– 1850 ~ 1910 MHz / 1930 ~ 1990 MHz (USA)
– 1710 ~ 1785 MHz / 1805 ~ 1880 MHz (Japan)
– 890 ~ 915 MHz / 935 ~ 960 MHz (Australia)
• Frequency Channel Allocation =
central frequency x 5
UMTS Overview
CDMA Principle
UMTS Overview
ACCESS METHOD
Power Power Power
UMTS Overview
WCDMA DIVISION DUPLEX
time time
Time Frame
Duplex with n Time
distance Slot
UL DL
Freq Freq
FDD TDD
UMTS Overview
UTRAN NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
BSS CN CS Domain
mgw
A Nb MGW PSTN
ISDN
plmn
BSC PCU
Mc MSC-S
BTS Abis
Nc
Iu Cs MSC-S E STP
SMSC
Gb Vlr
D, C
hlr
SCP
BSS Auc
RNC
Gr Gc
Gn Gi IP
Iur sgsn
IP/ATM
ggsn
slr network
Iu Ps
NodeB RNC
Iub
CN PS Domain
UMTS Overview
WCDMA Architecture and
Protocol Structure
UMTS Overview
UMTS VERSION
3GPP Rel99 GSM/GPRS CN (MSC)
3GPP Rel8 WCDMA LTE (Max DL rate : 100 Mbps, Max UL rate : 50 Mbps, with 20 MHz bandwidth)
UMTS Overview
General Protocol Mode for UTRAN
Terrestrial Interface
Control Plane User Plane
Radio Application Data
Network Protocol Stream(s)
Layer
Transport
Network Transport Network Transport Network Transport Network
Layer User Plane Control Plane User Plane
ALCAP(s)
Physical Layer
UMTS Overview
IuCS Interface (ATM)
Control Plane User Plane
Radio
Network RANAP Iu UP
Layer
Transport
Network Transport Network Transport Network Transport Network
Layer User Plane Control Plane User Plane
SCCP ALCAP
MTP3-B
MTP3-B
AAL2 PATH
SAAL NNI
SAAL NNI
Physical Layer
UMTS Overview
IuPS Interface (IP)
Control Plane User Plane
Radio
Network RANAP Iu UP
Layer
Transport
Network Transport Network Transport Network
Layer User Plane User Plane
SCCP GTP-U
UDP
MTP3-B
IP
SAAL NNI AAL Type 5
Physical Layer
UMTS Overview
Iub Interface (ATM)
Control Plane User Plane
Radio
RACH FP
FACH FP
HSDSCH
DCH FP
PCH FP
Network NBAP
Layer NCP CCP
Transport
Network Transport Network Transport Network Transport Network
Layer User Plane Control Plane User Plane
ALCAP
AAL2 PATH
SAAL UNI
SAAL UNI
Physical Layer
UMTS Overview
Iub Interface (IP)
Control Plane User Plane
Radio
RACH FP
FACH FP
HSDSCH
DCH FP
PCH FP
Network NBAP
Layer NCP CCP
Transport
Network Transport Network Transport Network
Layer User Plane User Plane
SCTP
UDP
IP
IP
Data Link Data Link
Physical Layer
UMTS Overview
WCDMA Wireless
Fundamental
UMTS Overview
Spreading Principles
Basic Term.
• A bit information is a “ 1 “ or a “ 0 “ called Binary or
a “-1” and a “+1” called Bipolar
UMTS Overview
Processing Procedure of
WCDMA System
Service Source Channel Coding Source
Spreading Modulation
Signal Coding & Interleaving Coding
Radio Channel
Channel
Service Source Demodulati
Decoding & Despreading Reception
Signal Decoding on
Denterleaving
UMTS Overview
DIRECT SEQUENCE SPREAD SPECTRUM SIGNAL
1 -1 1
Information signal
A Chip
Spreading signal
Transmission signal
UMTS Overview
UPLINK DOWNLINK
Note: spreading factor will low when the bit rate is high
UMTS Overview
CHANNELIZATION CODES
Channelization Codes or Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor (OVSF) are
use for channel separation of transmission from one transmitter.
DL
OSVF used to distinguish between data channel from the same Node B
UL
OSVF used to distinguish between data channel from the same UE
UMTS Overview
OVSF CODE TREE
C8,0 = {1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1}
C4,0 = {1 1 1 1}
C8,1 = {1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1}
C2,0 = {1 1}
C8,2 = {1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1}
C4,1 = {1 1 -1 -1}
C8,3 = {1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1}
C1 = {1} OVSF
C4,2 = {1 -1 1 -1} C8,4 = {1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1}
C8,5 = {1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1}
C2,1 = {1 -1}
C8,6 = {1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1}
UMTS Overview
Channelization Code
Radio Bearer SF Radio Bearer SF
Speech 12.2 UL 64 Speech 12.2 DL 128
Data 64 kbps UL 16 Data 64 kbps DL 32
Data 128 kbps UL 8 Data 128 kbps DL 16
Data 144 kbps UL 8 Data 144 kbps DL 16
Data 384 kbps UL 4 Data 384 kbps DL 8
UMTS Overview
CODE TREE RESTRICTIONS
USING
Unusable
C4,1
C8,0 = {1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1} Codes
C4,0 = {1 1 1 1}
C8,1 = {1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1}
C2,0 = {1 1}
C8,2 = {1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1}
Unusable
Code
C4,1 = {1 1 -1 -1} C8,3 = {1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1}
C1 = {1}
C8,4 = {1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1}
C4,2 = {1 -1 1 -1} USING
C8,5
C8,5 = {1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1}
C2,1 = {1 -1}
C8,6 = {1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1}
C4,3 = {1 -1 -1 1}
Unusable C8,7= {1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1}
Code
UMTS Overview
CODE CORRELATION
INPUT DATA +1 +1 +1
x x x
Orthogonal Code -1 +1 -1 +1 +1 -1 +1 -1 -1 +1 -1 +1 +1 -1 +1 -1 -1 +1 -1 +1 +1 -1 +1 -1
In Transmitter
= = =
Transmitted -1 +1 -1 +1 +1 -1 +1 -1 -1 +1 -1 +1 +1 -1 +1 -1 -1 +1 -1 +1 +1 -1 +1 -1
Sequence
Orthogonal Code
-1 +1 -1 +1 +1 -1 +1 -1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 -1 -1 +1 -1 +1 +1 -1 +1 -1
In Receiver
= = =
Integrated Result 8 0 -4
UMTS Overview
SCRAMBLING CODES
Channelization Codes or Pseudo Noise (PN) use to distinguish
between different transmitter
SC1 SC1
SC3 SC4
SC2 SC2
SC5 SC6
UMTS Overview
SCRAMBLING CODES & CHANELLIZATION CODES
Pilot, Broadcast
SC1+CCp+CCb
1 Data Channel
2 Data Channel SC1+CC3
SC1+CC1+CC2
1 Data Channel
2 Data Channel SC4+CC1
SC3+CC1+CC2
NODE A
USER 1
USER 2
Pilot, Broadcast
SC2+CCp+CCb
3 Data Channel
3 Data Channel
SC2+CC4+CC5+CC6
SC2+CC1+CC2+CC3
UMTS Overview
DOWNLINK TRANSMISSION PATH
Spreading Scrambling
Code Code
Information
X X RF Modulator
Source
Receiver Information
X X
Source
Scrambling Spreading
Code Code
UMTS Overview
CDMA Code Planning
CDMA Frequency Reuse: 1
PN2
PN Code Reuse Factor: 7
PN2 PN7 PN3
Sectorization: 3-Sector (7/21) Reuse
PN7 PN3 PN1
PN1 PN6 PN4
PN6 PN4 PN5 PN2 Codes available for code planning:
PN5 PN2 PN7 PN3 IS-95: 512*
PN2 PN7 PN3 PN1 cdma2000: 512*
PN7 PN3 PN1 PN6 PN4 WCDMA: 512
PN1 PN6 PN4 PN5
PN6 PN4 PN5 PN2
PN2 * IS-95 and cdma2000 use 512 discrete
PN5 PN7 PN3 time offsets of the same PN code to
PN7 PN3 PN1 facilitate cell planning.
PN1 PN6 PN4 In practice, IS-95 consecutive codes are
PN6 PN4 avoided in order prevent potential time
PN5
overlap of transmissions from widely
PN5 spaced cells. The maximum number of
available codes is therefore 256.
UMTS Overview
Channelization VS Scrambling
Channelization Scrambling
Usage UL : separation of DPDCH UL: separation of terminal
and DPCCH from same
terminal
DL: separation of DL : separation of sector
connection to different
users
Length 4-256 chips 38.000 chips
(DL: 512 chips) UL 256 chips
UMTS Overview
Huawei CE Consumption
per Service
UL CE DL CE
AMR 12.2K 1 1
CS64K 3 2
PS64K 3 2
PS128K 5 4
PS256K/384K 10 8
UMTS Overview