Torque and Power Measurement

Dynanomerters
Need?
 Applications for torque sensors include
determining the amount of power an
engine, motor, turbine, or other rotating
device generates or consumes
 Used in stress and deflection analysis
 Determining the performance
characteristics of machines
 Called dynamometers
Absorption type Dynamometers
 Water brake
 Hydraulic
 Rope brake
 Prony brake
 Eddy current
 A dynamometer consists of an absorption (or
absorber/driver) unit, and usually includes a
means for measuring torque and rotational
speed. An absorption unit consists of some type
of rotor in a housing. The rotor is coupled to the
engine or other equipment under test and is
free to rotate at whatever speed is required for
the test. Some means is provided to develop a
braking torque between dynamometer's rotor
and housing. The means for developing torque
can be frictional, hydraulic, electromagnetic
etc. according to the type of absorption/driver
unit.
 One means for measuring torque is to mount
the dynamometer housing so that it is free to
turn except that it is restrained by a torque arm.
The housing can be made free to rotate by using
trunnions connected to each end of the housing
to support the dyno in pedestal mounted
trunnion bearings. The torque arm is connected
to the dyno housing and a weighing scales is
positioned so that it measures the force exerted
by the dyno housing in attempting to rotate.
The torque is the force indicated by the scales
multiplied by the length of the torque arm
measured from the center of the dynamometer.
 Hydraulic dynamometer:
The Hydraulic Dynamometer is essentially a compact servo-
hydraulic test rig packaged with an integral power supply and control
system.

The Hydraulic Dynamometer can test at a range of strokes and

velocities that are determined by the flow output of the servo valve. The
maximum load is determined by the size of the actuator and the
maximum value of the load cell.
Eddy current
 When a current carrying conducting material
moves through a magnetic field voltage is
generated, which results in current.
 If the conductor is a part of circuit then current
will flow through circuit. But if it is isolated than
voltage is still induced & local currents may flow in
a short circuited path within the bar itself. These
current are called eddy eddy currents, dissipated
in the form of heat.
Electric Generator
 BP= VI/(Generator Efficiency)
Electric Generator
Chassis dynamometer

 A chassis dynamometer measures power from the

engine through the wheels. The vehicle is parked on
rollers which the car then turns and the output is
measured. These dynos can be fixed or portable.
 Because of frictional and mechanical losses in the
various drivetrain components, the measured
horsepower is generally 15-20 percent less than the
brake horsepower measured at the crankshaft or
flywheel on an engine dynamometer.[1]
Measurement of Indicated power
 Morse test