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Documente Cultură
PRESENTATION ON
FUNDAMENTALS OF TOYOTA
PRODUCTION SYSTEM
By
Swamy.M.K
Manager, Plant Administration Division
(15th Nov 2006)
CONTENTS 2/52
1. Objective of TPS
2. Outline of TPS
3. Toyota’s Cost concept TPS
4. Just In Time (JIT)
JUST IN TIME
4.1 Principles Of JIT
4.2 Heijunka (Leveling)
5. Jidoka (Fool proof system)
5.1 Built - in - Quality
5.2 Shojunka (Man power saving)
6. Standardized Work
6.1 Definition, Elements & Forms HEIJUNKA
7. Muda (Waste) STANDARDIZED WORK
8. Kaizen (Continuous Improvement)
1. OBJECTIVES OF TPS 3/52
STANDARDIZED WORK
Continuous
Flow
IMPROVE HEIJUNKA
PRODUCTIVITY
(Man, Machine & Material) K
Takt Time Development
A
of Company
I
COST REDUCTION & Human
Z
By Resource
Fixed E
Eliminating MUDA position
N
and Preventing line stop
Andon
ABNORMALITY
JIDOKA
Shojunka
TPS - OUTLINE 5/52
STANDARDIZED WORK
Continuous
Flow
IMPROVE HEIJUNKA
PRODUCTIVITY
(3M) K Development
Takt Time
A of Company
COST REDUCTION I & Human
By Z Resource
Eliminating MUDA
Fixed E
position
and Preventing line stop
N
re-occurrence of Built –in-
abnormality Quality Pokayoke
Andon
ABNORMALITY
JIDOKA Shojunka
3. TOYOTA’S COST CONCEPT 6/52
Customer determine the selling price Cost Reduction is the only way
STANDARDIZED WORK
Continuous
Flow
IMPROVE HEIJUNKA
PRODUCTIVITY
(3M) K Development
Takt Time
A of Company
COST REDUCTION I & Human
By Z Resource
Eliminating MUDA
Fixed E
position
and Preventing line stop
N
re-occurrence of Built –in-
abnormality Quality Pokayoke
Andon
ABNORMALITY
JIDOKA Shojunka
4. JUST IN TIME (JIT) 8/52
STANDARDIZED WORK
Continuous
Flow
IMPROVE HEIJUNKA
PRODUCTIVITY
(3M) K Development
Takt Time
A of Company
COST REDUCTION I & Human
By Z Resource
Eliminating MUDA
Fixed E
position
and Preventing line stop
N
re-occurrence of Built –in-
abnormality Quality Pokayoke
Andon
ABNORMALITY
JIDOKA Shojunka
4.1.1 PULL SYSTEM (KANBAN SYSTEM) 10/52
High Inventory
Supplier Customer
Supplier Push system Customer Pull system
4.1.1 PULL SYSTEM (KANBAN SYSTEM) 11/52
•What is Kanban ?
Kanban is a small signboard / card work on Pull system
concept, is the key control tool for “Just-In-Time” production.
•What is does ?
• Instructions for Production and Transportation.
• KANBAN SAMPLE
1 1 1
1 5 4 3
1 6
7 SUPPLIER :
TKM
1
1 D001 - A 268W 2
DENSO INDIA KEY CODE :
LIMITED, 505017447
PART DETAILS: 1
STARTER ASSY
2 LOCATION CODE : 1
PROCESS CODE : F1C25-EG04 1
AA KANBAN NO : 0
3 QTY/BOX :
4
28100-0D120-00
9
PACKING CODE :
424
C882 SEQ.No:
2
DOCK:
01
4 31-MAY-05 10:41:21
8
5 6 7
1. Supplier Code & Name. 7. Dock No. 12. Vehicle Code.
2. Process Code. 8. Kanban Printed Date, 13. User Location.
3. Box Quantity. Month & Time. 14. Kanban Key Code.
4. Packing Code 9. Part Number 15. PC Zone Flowrack no.
5. ID No. / Back No. 10. Barcode. 16. ILCD Process Code.
6. Kanban Seq. No. 17. Line wise Identification Colour
11. Part Name.
4.1.1 PULL SYSTEM (KANBAN SYSTEM) 13/52
KBN
222
KBN NO. QTY
111
222
2
1
PAD
333 4
KBN
XXX Y
GRN SUPPLIER
222
LINE SIDE
1 1
1
1
1
PARTS WITH
KANBAN
10 KBN
222`
FIRST PART
LINESIDE KANBAN POSTING
USAGE CHECK SHEET
APL 1-2-2
KBN NO. QTY
111 2
1
222 1
KBN 333 4
XXX Y
222
KBN KANBANP
KBNKBN
111 OST 222 222
8
KANBAN
KANBAN SORTING ROOM EMPTY BIN INCOMING KANBAN
TIME LOC1 LOC2 LOC3 LOC4
APL STTI TGK DNKI NTTF TRUCK1
3 TRUCK2
TRUCK3
4 6
TPS - OUTLINE 14/52
STANDARDIZED WORK
Continuous
Flow
IMPROVE HEIJUNKA
PRODUCTIVITY
(3M) K Development
Takt Time
A of Company
COST REDUCTION I & Human
By Z Resource
Eliminating MUDA
Fixed E
position
and Preventing line stop
N
re-occurrence of Built –in-
abnormality Quality Pokayoke
Andon
ABNORMALITY
JIDOKA Shojunka
4.1.2 CONTINEOUS FLOW PROCESS 15/52
Raw Material
Conventional part prod. method
Processed Part
Completed Part
Raw Material
Completed Part
TPS - OUTLINE 16/52
STANDARDIZED WORK
Continuous
Flow
IMPROVE HEIJUNKA
PRODUCTIVITY
(3M) K Development
Takt Time
A of Company
COST REDUCTION I & Human
By Z Resource
Eliminating MUDA
Fixed E
position
and Preventing line stop
N
re-occurrence of Built –in-
abnormality Quality Pokayoke
Andon
ABNORMALITY
JIDOKA Shojunka
4.1.3 TAKT TIME 16/52
STANDARDIZED WORK
Continuous
Flow
IMPROVE HEIJUNKA
PRODUCTIVITY
(3M) K Development
Takt Time
A of Company
COST REDUCTION I & Human
By Z Resource
Eliminating MUDA
Fixed E
position
and Preventing line stop
N
re-occurrence of Built –in-
abnormality Quality Pokayoke
Andon
ABNORMALITY
JIDOKA Shojunka
4.2 HEIJUNKA (LEVELLED PRODUCTION) 20/52
Standard
Muda Required
leveling of
production
Time / Day
STANDARDIZED WORK
Continuous
Flow
IMPROVE HEIJUNKA
PRODUCTIVITY
(3M) K Development
Takt Time
A of Company
COST REDUCTION I & Human
By Z Resource
Eliminating MUDA
Fixed E
position
and Preventing line stop
N
re-occurrence of Built –in-
abnormality Quality Pokayoke
Andon
ABNORMALITY
JIDOKA Shojunka
5. JIDOKA 22/52
Stop
Automatic
machine
Jidoka
machine
The machine stops automatically Team member pulls line stop chord
when abnormality is recognized when abnormality is recognized
TPS - OUTLINE 24/52
STANDARDIZED WORK
Continuous
Flow
IMPROVE HEIJUNKA
PRODUCTIVITY
(3M) K Development
Takt Time
A of Company
COST REDUCTION I & Human
By Z Resource
Eliminating MUDA
Fixed E
position
and Preventing line stop
N
re-occurrence of Built –in-
abnormality Quality Pokayoke
Andon
ABNORMALITY
JIDOKA Shojunka
5.1 BUILT IN QUALITY 25/52
STANDARDIZED WORK
Continuous
Flow
IMPROVE HEIJUNKA
PRODUCTIVITY
(3M) K Development
Takt Time
A of Company
COST REDUCTION I & Human
By Z Resource
Fixed E
Eliminating MUDA position
and Preventing N
line stop
re-occurrence of Built –in-
abnormality Quality Pokayoke
Andon
ABNORMALITY
JIDOKA Shojunka
5.1.1 FIXED POSITION LINE STOP 27/52
Start Position
STANDARDIZED WORK
Continuous
Flow
IMPROVE HEIJUNKA
PRODUCTIVITY
(3M) K Development
Takt Time
A of Company
COST REDUCTION I & Human
By Z Resource
Eliminating MUDA
Fixed E
position
and Preventing line stop
N
re-occurrence of Built –in-
abnormality Quality Pokayoke
Andon
ABNORMALITY
JIDOKA Shojunka
5.1.2 POKAYOKE (FUL PROOF SYSTEM) 29/52
Chuck
Machine
Spindle
STANDARDIZED WORK
Continuous
Flow
IMPROVE HEIJUNKA
PRODUCTIVITY
(3M) K Development
Takt Time
A of Company
COST REDUCTION I & Human
By Z Resource
Eliminating MUDA
Fixed E
position
and Preventing line stop
N
re-occurrence of Built –in-
abnormality Quality Pokayoke
Andon
ABNORMALITY
JIDOKA Shojunka
5.1.3 ANDON (WORK PLACE MANAGEMENT) 31/52
Andon :
STANDARDIZED WORK
Continuous
Flow
IMPROVE HEIJUNKA
PRODUCTIVITY
(3M) K Development
Takt Time
A of Company
COST REDUCTION I & Human
By Z Resource
Eliminating MUDA
Fixed E
position
and Preventing line stop
N
re-occurrence of Built –in-
abnormality Quality Pokayoke
Andon
ABNORMALITY
JIDOKA Shojunka
5.2 MANPOWER SAVING (Shojunka) 33/52
CONVEYOR
TPS - OUTLINE 34/52
STANDARDIZED WORK
Continuous
Flow
IMPROVE HEIJUNKA
PRODUCTIVITY
(3M) K Development
Takt Time
A of Company
COST REDUCTION I & Human
By Z Resource
Eliminating MUDA
Fixed E
position
and Preventing line stop
N
re-occurrence of Built –in-
abnormality Quality Pokayoke
Andon
ABNORMALITY
JIDOKA Shojunka
6. STANDARDIZED WORK 35/52
④4 ③3
⑤5
②2
Work Sequence
⑥6 ①1
6. STANDARDIZED WORK 38/52
STANDARDIZED WORK
Continuous
Flow
IMPROVE HEIJUNKA
PRODUCTIVITY
(3M) K Development
Takt Time
A of Company
COST REDUCTION I & Human
By Z Resource
Eliminating MUDA
Fixed E
position
and Preventing line stop
N
re-occurrence of Built –in-
abnormality Quality Pokayoke
Andon
ABNORMALITY
JIDOKA Shojunka
7a. MUDA 42/52
DEFINATION OF MUDA
All kinds of waste that does not add value to the product.
Activities that
Anything that is
increase added value
unnecessary motion,
(Mounting, cutting, Net work
obvious waste
welding, etc) achieved ( Waiting, correction, etc)
W MUDA
Work
O
Motion
Activities that do not produce
R added value, but are necessary
“MUDA” Exists K under the present conditions
everywhere (Conveyance, returning of
Incidental work empty boxes, inspection, etc)
(Part of “Muda”)
7a. MUDA 43/52
Muda of overproduction
• Extra manpower & machines required
• Extra parts & materials needed
• Extra energy, oil & electricity
• Extra pallets & skids required
• Storage space / Warehouse needed
• Extra payments for interest on Loans
• Problems are hidden
STANDARDIZED WORK
Continuous
Flow
IMPROVE HEIJUNKA
PRODUCTIVITY
(3M) K Development
Takt Time
A of Company
COST REDUCTION I & Human
By Z Resource
Eliminating MUDA
Fixed E
position
and Preventing line stop
N
re-occurrence of Built –in-
abnormality Quality Pokayoke
Andon
ABNORMALITY
JIDOKA Shojunka
7b. ABNORMALITIES 46/52
• Abnormalities minimization by
- GO & SEE (Genchi gembutsu) the abnormality at the actual Site
- Never allow the repetition of same abnormality due to the same cause
7b. ABNORMALITIES 47/52
5’S
5’S IS THE METHOD TO DISCOVER PROBLEMS IN WORK AREA,
WHICH HELPS IN ENSURING SAFETY & DOING KAIZEN.
•SEPARATE NECESSARY & UN NECESSARY THINGS
1S SEIRI •ESTABLISH CRITERIA TO DEAL WITH UN NECESSARY THINGS
(SORT) •DISCARD UNNECESSARY THINGS.
STANDARDIZED WORK
Continuous
Flow
IMPROVE HEIJUNKA
PRODUCTIVITY
(3M) K Development
Takt Time
A of Company
COST REDUCTION I & Human
By Z Resource
Eliminating MUDA
Fixed E
position
and Preventing line stop
N
re-occurrence of Built –in-
abnormality Quality Pokayoke
Andon
ABNORMALITY
JIDOKA Shojunka
8.KAIZEN 50/52
Time
52/52
Thank You