Patrizia Velotti , et.

, al
Comprehensive psychiatry., 64(2016) 38-45
Intro
• To fine tune treatment programs for ASPD.
• Understanding the psychopathology of APSD and
related aggression.
• Insufficient information in DSM-5.
• Pessimism about possible to individual with antisocial
traits or ASPD.
• Some clients can be treated.
• What predicts antisocial traits and relted aggression.
Mentalization
• Ability to Reflect and think about one's mental
states, to distinguish one's own mental state from
others
• Ability to understand the actions of oneself and
other as meaningful.
• Faliures Predicts aggressive act in ASPD
 Metacognition -ability to
• Reflect and think about one's mental states and
other's
• grasp Case-effect connection between relational
events, beliefs, emotions, and behavior.
• recognize one's own belief is subjective
• Use of knowledge on mental states for purposeful
problem solving
Mindfulness
• One of the important aspects of mentalization and
metacog
• Proneness to be attentive to the present reality
• Ability to attend to external and internal sensory stimuli
and associated cognitions and emotions, lable and
discribe the inner experience with words, act with
awareness of personal motive , assume a non judgmental
stance towards one's own thought and emotions and able
to perceive thought and feelings without feeling
overwhelmed or compelled.
• Deficits in mainfulness discribed deficits in metalization
and metacog.
Secondary data
• 2004- people with ASPD reported impairment in
mentalization.
• Metalization deficits were associated with
psychopathic traits and proactive aggression. 2013.
• Also increased mentalization ability could serve as a
protective factor towards aggression among people
with antisocial traits.
• Metalization mediated the relationship between
attachment insecurity and ASPD traits in adolocense.
Cont,
• 2014 impaired metacognition mediates the relation
between psychopathic tendencies and aggression.
• 2015 impaired metacognition also associated with
poor social functions.
Cont.,
• 2012- Mindfulness deficits related to the self
reported ASPD traits.
Hyposis
• Specific dimensions of aggression and mindfulness
will predict ASPD traits.
• Interaction of mainfulness and aggressive traits will
predict ASPD traits. Or level mindfulness predicts
association between the Aggressive traits and ASPD
What are moderator and mediator?
Methods
• Participants - 83 prisoners from chronically violent
population (north Italian prison)
• No psychotic symptoms
• Sober for past three months
• Permission from athority
• No compensation
• Informed consent
• Presence of trained clinical psychologist.
Measures
• Million clinical Multi axial inventory 3 (MCMI
III)2006
• 173 items, self report, internal consistency
cronbach alpah= .80
• Aggression questionnaire (AQ)_ I alian
adoption1992
• 4 sub scales like physical and verbal aggression,
hostility and anger. Alpha .86
Cont.,
• Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire
• Italian adaptation.
• 39 items
• Facets- observe, describe, act with awareness, non
judge and non react.
• Alpah .67
Data analysis
• Pearson correlation
• Multiple regression
• Hierarchical multiple regression
• Simple slope analysis
 Results
• No dimension s considered in ASPD since 22
participants were diagnosed with ASPD bpusing
MCMI III
• ASPD +vely correlated with all aggressive traits
• ASPD -vely Correlated with three of the
mindfulness facets like describe, act with awarenes
and non judge.
• Same three are - vely correlated with physical
aggression, hostility and anger.
Discriptive
Multiple regression findings
• Aggressive traits measured using AQ independently
explained 33% of variance in ASPD with larger
effect size.
• ^ physical aggression = ^ ASPD Traits
• 23% ASPD was Explained by mindfulness facets.
• v Awareness = ^ ASPD traits
Table
Hierarchical multiple regression
• Both Physical aggression (+evly) and act with
awareness (-evly) significantly correlated to ASPD
when controlling shared variance between each
other, 38 % of variance was explained with larger
effect size.
• Comparitivly high then previous studies in ASPD.
• As whole model 49% variance is explained with
larger effect size.
Table
Simple slope analysis
• ^mindfulness = good (ASPD * Phy aggression)

• v mindfulness = poor (ASPD * Phy aggression)

Slope analysis
Discussion
• Mindfulness has a impact on ASPD
• Potential moderating effects on relationship
between ASPD and Agression
• Perivious studies considered Aggressive traits as
criterion variable but present study.
• Mindfulness training would cause significant
improvement in aggression as well as ASPD
• But client with mindfulness deficit training would
not produce sufficient change in aggression in ASPD
Cont.,
• high mindfulness could show sufficient
improvement in reducing aggression in ASPD
• Study explained why therapeutics are not efficient
in some ASPD clients
Limitations from author's side
• Self repot
• Multimodle data collection might been used
• Inflated correlation due to shared methods of
variance
• Limited sample, can not be generalized to clinical
or normal population
• Needed longitudinal study for understanding
development of ASPD in younger popuation
Critical analysis
• Too much statistics
• Self report measures
• 22% diagnosed with ASPD
• Pictogram presentation would give more
comprehensive idea
• Logical difects
Thank you :)