PROBLEM SOLVING

DISCUSSANT: MARIVIC M. OSMAN

ACTIVITY

Based on your answer,

how can you use it to be a
 Problem Solving Definition

M
I
N
D
Barriers to effective Problem Solving
M
A Problem Solving Tools
P
WHAT IS PROBLEM
•SOLVING?
CONSIDERED THE MOST COMPLEX OF ALL INTELLECTUAL
FUNCTIONS, PROBLEM SOLVING HAS BEEN DEFINED AS
HIGHER-ORDER COGNITIVE PROCESS THAT REQUIRES THE
MODULATION AND CONTROL OF MORE ROUTINE OR
FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS.
• A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO DEFINING THE PROBLEM
(QUESTION OR SITUATION THAT PRESENTS UNCERTAINTY,
PERPLEXITY OR DIFFICULTY) AND CREATING A VAST
NUMBER OF POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS WITHOUT JUDGING
THESE SOLUTIONS.
• THE ACT OF NARROWING DOWN THE POSSIBILITIES,
CHOOSING A COURSE OF ACTION, AND DETERMINING THE
ACTION’S POTENTIAL CONSEQUENCES.
BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE PROBLEM
SOLVING

• Failure to recognize the problem.

• Conceiving the problem too narrowly
• Making a hasty choice
• Failure to consider all consequences
• Failure to consider the feasibility of the
solution
ACCEPTING THE PROBLEM
• STEP 1: WHAT IS THE PROBLEM?
• STEP 2: WHAT ARE THE ALTERNATIVES?
• STEP 3: WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES AND/OR
DISADVANTAGES OF EACH ALTERNATIVE
• STEP 4: WHAT IS THE SOLUTION
• STEP 5: HOW WELL IS THE SOLUTION WORKING?
PROBLEM SOLVING TOOLS-TOOLS TO
FACILITATE EFFECTIVE PROBLEM SOLVING:
• CORT
• SWOT ANALYSIS 
• ISHIKAWA DIAGRAM 
• ROPES (READ THE PROBLEM CAREFUL, OMIT THE
EXTRA INFORMATION, PLAN THE WAY TO SOLVE THE
PROBLEM, EXECUTE YOUR PLAN, STUDY THE
RESULT) 
• SIX THINKING HATS EDWARD DE BONO “THE SIX
THINKING HATS IS A METHOD FOR DOING ONE
SORT OF THINKING AT A TIME.”PROCESS
Benefits of Using 6 Thinking Hats
• Role-playing (Put the hat on, take the hat off,
switch hats, and signal your thinking)
• Encourage creative, parallel and lateral thinking.
• Improve communication.
• Speed up decision making.
• Avoid debate
• Detaching the Ego
• White Hat – Objective
Facts, Figures, Data and Information

Red Hat – Feelings

Feelings, Intuition, Emotions and
Hunches
No need to justify the feelings.
How do I feel about this right now?
Black Hat - Negative
Caution, Difficulty, Judgment and Assessment
 Yellow Hat - Positive
Benefits, Feasibility and Optimism
Green Hat - Creative
Creative Ideas, Alternatives, Suggestions,
and Proposals

Blue Hat – Process

Sums up what is learned. Organization of
thinking. Thinking about the thinking process
(Reflection).
1.ARRANGE THE FOLLOWING STEPS IN CORRECT
SEQUENCE. USE NUMBER THE 1-5 TO ARRANGE THE

STEPS ACCEPTING THE PROBLEM

4
• __________WHAT IS THE SOLUTION
5
• __________WHAT IS THE PROBLEM?
1
• __________HOW WELL IS THE SOLUTION WORKING?
2
• __________WHAT ARE THE ALTERNATIVES?
3
• __________WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES AND/OR
DISADVANTAGES OF EACH ALTERNATIVE
 II. IDENTIFY THE COLOR OF THE HAT BEING
DESCRIBE BELOW.
• ____________
White 1. FACTS, FIGURES, DATA AND INFORMATION
• ____________
Red 2. FEELINGS, INTUITION, EMOTIONS AND HUNCHES
• ____________3. NEGATIVE, CAUTION, DIFFICULTY, JUDGMENT AND
Black
ASSESSMENT
•
Yellow
____________4. POSITIVE, BENEFITS, FEASIBILITY AND OPTIMISM
•
Gree
____________5. CREATIVE IDEAS, ALTERNATIVES, SUGGESTIONS,
n PROPOSALS
AND
• Blue
____________6. PROCESS, SUMS UP WHAT IS LEARNED.