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N O O R H O S P I TA L
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOTHERAPY
CME
BASICS OF PHYSIOTHERAPY
02TH April 2014
What is Physical Therapy?
Prevents, identifies, corrects, and
alleviates acute or prolonged
movement dysfunction of anatomic or
physiologic origin. The primary
objective of physical therapy is to
promote optimum human health and
function.
The APTA
Physical therapy or physiotherapy (sometimes abbreviated to PT) is
a health care profession primarily concerned with the remediation of
impairments and disabilities and the promotion of mobility, functional
ability, quality of life and movement potential through examination,
evaluation, diagnosis and physical intervention.
• Movement Specialists
• Restore function
• Improve mobility
Aerobics instructors
Life expectancy
Brain
Spinal cord
Nerves
Head injuries
Strokes
Parkinsonism
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Peripheral neuropathies
Multiple Sclerosis
Muscular Dystrophy
Cerebral Palsy
Polio
PT: A Systems Approach
Cardio pulmonary
Lungs
Blood vessels
Bronchitis
Heart Transplants
PT: A Systems Approach
Integumentary System
Evaluation
&
Treatment
Types of tests
Evaluate
Patient History
Examination
Perform Tests
Types of Tests
Range of motion
Strength
Balance
Coordination
Posture
Respiration
Treatment
Treatment strategy
Identify purpose/outcomes
Pain reduction
Swelling reduction
Range of Motion
Interventions
Electrical stimulation
Adaptive devices (crutches, wheel chairs/prosthetics)
etc..
Modalities: To reduce pain and inflammation including
electrical stimulation (IFT, TENS), heat superficial (IRR,
Hydro collator packs, Heating Pads), deep heat (SWD,
Ultrasound, Laser) and icing, etc…
Indications
Bursitis
Capsulitis
Osteoarthritis
Spondylosis, etc.
SWD Electrode placement
Low Level Laser Therapy
Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.
Indications
Pain and inflammation reduction
Collagen synthesis
Control of microorganisms
Increased vascularization
Equipment
Tendinitis
Osteoarthritis
Bursitis
Neck pain
Sprain
Back pain
Strain
Burn contracture
Trigger points
Scars
Heel pain
Interferential therapy
It acts on pain gate mechanism.
Indications
Cervical Radiculopathies
Lumbar Radiculopathies
Trapezius myalgia
Indications
Indications
Swelling, muscle spasm and pain
Equipment
A paraffin wax and mineral oil combination, heated to 126-130o F,
paper towels and towels.
Indications
Useful in treating chronic injuries
Effective for angular areas of body such as hands, wrists, elbows,
ankles and feet.
Application
Body part is cleaned and dried
Soak technique
Body part remains in wax 20-30 minutes without moving it.
Dip and wrap technique
Hand dipped 6-12 times, wrapped in a plastic bag and then
draped with a towel to maintain heat for 30 minutes.
Cryotherapy
Used as first aid treatment for on field trauma in sports and in
other musculoskeletal system conditions.
RICE (rest, ice compression, elevation) may be used for the
initial days of and injury and continue up to 2 weeks after injury.
Mechanical Modalities
Traction
Drawing tension applied to a body segment
Indications
Spinal nerve root impingement
Cause: Idiopathic
Frozen Shoulder
Various exercises for frozen shoulder
Strengthening exercises for shoulder
Strengthening exercises for shoulder
Osteoarthritis
What is osteoarthritis?
Osteoarthritis is a form of arthritis that features the breakdown and
eventual loss of the cartilage of one or more joints. Cartilage is a
protein substance that serves as a "cushion" between the bones of the
joints
Risk Factors You Can Control
This includes sports that have a high rate of injury and jobs that
require repetitive motion, such as bending the knees to install
flooring.
Chest Press
Shoulder Press
Seated Row
Lateral Pull Down
Lunge
Squat
Abdominal crunch
Back extension
Flexibility
Triceps and Upper Back Stretch Rear Deltoid and Upper Back Stretch
Pectoral and Upper Back Stretch
Quadriceps Stretch
Hamstring Stretch Adductor Stretch Calf Stretch
GENERAL PHYSICAL FITNESS
PROGRAMME
Mon - steady run
Tue - weights
Wed - fartlek
Thu - flexibility
Fri - steady run
Sat - weights
Sun - flexibility
What is Physical Activity..?