Introduction to Dimetra System

Subject covered by this presentation

Introduction to trunk systems
Introduction to cellular systems
Dimetra TDMA Solution
Dimetra system features & capabilities

FTR System Support 1

 From Simplex to Trunking
1. Non efficient Channel
distribution
2. No wide area coverage
3. Freq switch dependents
Trunk system-
1. Site controller “hands out”
channel according to request.
2. Wide area coverage
3. number of Base radios
changes due to traffic

Multi Base Radio

Radio tow er

Range Extension

FTR System Support 2

 Nation Wide Trunking

Switch

Nation Wide system combine “few” local

repeaters to have a total area coverage.
A smart switch routs the call from local
repeaters to destination

FTR System Support 3

 CELLULAR concept

Main switch

Decrease RF coverage
Ferq reuse
Continuity and mobility

FTR System Support 4

 Freq 1

TS 1 TS 2 TS3 TS 4 TS 1 TS 2 TS 3 TS4

Time

TS 1 TS 2 TS3 TS 4 TS 1 TS 2 TS 3 TS4

TS 3 TS4 TS 1 TS 2 TS 3 TS 4 TS 1 TS 2

FTR System Support 5

 Frame - 56.67msec
TDMA Timing

1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1

Time Slot 14.167msec

FTR System Support 6

 Outbound Carrier TS 1 TS 2 TS3 TS 4 TS 1 TS 2 TS 3 TS4

Inbound Carrier TS 3 TS4 TS 1 TS 2 TS 3 TS 4 TS 1 TS 2

Mobile
Radio TS 1 TS 1 TS 1 TS 1

Mic

L.S.

FTR System Support 7

 “Terrestrial Trunked Radio”

Digital Motorola Tetra

FTR System Support 8

 Dimetra Solution

Direct Radio
Dispatch

Telephone
Interconnect

Messaging

Data
Dial-Up / Packet

FTR System Support 9

The TETRA Open
Standard 1. System air interface
2. Direct mode air interface
3. Man-machine interface
4. Radio data peripheral interface
2 5. Local Dispatcher
6. Gateway to external network
4 3 7. Remote line connected terminal
1 8. Inter system interface (ISI)
9. Network management interface

Base Base Base

Network
Station Station Station
Manager

5 Infrastructure 9
Inter System
Local / Gateway Controller
Interface 8 Inf.
remote
Dispatcher System
6 Infrastructure

7 Telephone
PSTN/PABX Line (Land)

FTR System Support 10

Data Voice Digital Radio System Voice Data

A/D conv. D/A conv.

Source Coding ACELP Source Decoding

Convolutional Codes
Channel Coding Block Codes, ARQ... Channel Decoding

Modulation p /4-DQPSK Demodulation

Radio Channel
Channel access method: TDMA

FTR System Support 11

 TDMA VOCODER

Standard PCM 64Khz is ” too wide” for air transmition in TETRA standard
A use of VOCODER narrow the band to fit 25Khz .
The input (voice) is sampled for 30ms and analyzed to a code contains a known
“tone” and differential value.
The receiver create a tone out of the code input.
Total of 137bits at 4.567kbps

Algebraic Code Excited Linear Prediction

FTR System Support 12

 Channel coding
Every two samples (30X2) are reconstruct into one word transmitted every
56.7msec

0 1 2 0 1 2

0 1 2

0 1 2

0 1 2

Total 432 Bits

FTR System Support 13

 Channel coding
Two samples (30X2) are transmitted every 56.7msec – meaning a 3.3msec
“gain” .
Every 17 transaction the radio will be free to “look” for other utility- as power
control, SMS, and channel scan.

Bla-Bla Bla-Bla Bla-Bla Bla-Bla

TX

FTR System Support 14

 Use of Site Channels
4 TS at each freq can be use as channels. TS1 of freq’ 1 (CH1) is used as
Control Channel. All other can be used as Voice or Data Channels. In case of
hardware failure or manual disable of F1 control channel will “move” to TS1 of
F2- meaning CH 5.
Total number of voice/data channel to a site = Base Radios X4 - 1

TS 1 TS 2 TS3 TS 4 TS 5 TS 6 TS7 TS 8 TS 9 TS 110 TS11 TS 12 TS 13 TS 14 TS15 TS 16

F1 F2 F3 F4

FTR System Support 15

 EBTS connections

• Omni Site

Up to 3 sites in one location

Covers 3X120 Sector 1
Sector 2
Sector 3

FTR System Support 16

 Intro to
Diversity
Diversity-

The Facts:
Most mobile radio’s – low power
A “nice” and better phone has a small antenna (in contrary to any other thing
we want)
Most communication is done within the city
Most communication is done adjacent to the body

FTR System Support 18

 The problem

1. Very low affective radiation from the radio

2. Most of the reception comes from reflected signal.
3. Most of the signals are combined vectors
4. A received signal can fluctuate in 20-30 db..

FTR System Support 19

FTR System Support 20
 Solution Diversity -
TX 2 RX antennas and a “smart” integration
antenna

12 ~ 20λ

RX
OUT 4~6 db gain
antennas
Σ

FTR System Support 21

 Improvement
Signal to noise improvement is relative to
amount of correlation between the two
signals.

FTR System Support 22

 Space diversity
Polarization diversity –
vertical & horizontal
45°-/45°+

FTR System Support 23

 Polarization diversity With Duplexer Space diversity

FTR System Support 24