“ Energy Efficiency and Intelligent

Buildings ”

CBA conference – Cambridge – May 2006

Jean-Christophe HUTT
Innovation & Technology for Energy Efficiency,
Services Division

Building a New Electric World

 Energy Efficiency, a rising concern
Deregulation
Deregulation of both production and
supply of gas and electricity (while
transmission and distribution remain
regulated) implies to build new
business models significantly
different from traditional ones
Efficiency
Policy and environment
Kyoto protocol implementation
involves new constraints to be
integrated in today’s utility business
models
MIT / CBA Conference / May 10, 2006
Generation capacities and grids
Huge investment ($16 trillion
worldwide) is needed involving an
increase in price of both gas and
electricity
Demand is booming
Because of the lack of electricity
generation capacity, peak prices
are becoming very high and
volatile
Energy
Natural resources (oil & gas)
are declining
In the consumption regions such
as Europe and North America,
energy sourcing is becoming
crucial and focuses major attention
of key energy players
2
 Energy Efficiency has implications along
the complete Energy value chain (1/2)

On the Supply Side

 Optimize T&D infrastructure
 Deploy efficient substation automation
 Upgrade to smart metering solutions

 Optimize quality and availability of supplied power

 Measure and improve delivered power quality
 Implement DG in frequently congested areas

 Influence demand consumption

 Introduce new tariff structures and smart revenue metering
 Implement AMR
 Provide customers with accurate and relevant consumption
data
 Establish DR/DSM programs

 Deploy modern IT infrastructure

 High speed telecoms infrastructure
 Modern Energy Information Systems

MIT / CBA Conference / May 10, 2006 3

 Energy Efficiency has implications along
the complete Energy value chain (2/2)

On the Demand Side

 Act on Users
 Educate people on efficient use of energy
 Act on business related procedures

 Act on loads
 Replace, renovate aging loads (lighting, motors, HVAC, …)
 Implement intelligent load control (variable speed drives,
regulation systems, lighting control, ...)

 Optimize quality and availability of on site power

 Measure and improve on site power quality
 Implement backup generation
 Exploit co-generation means

 Optimize supply costs

 Use the right tariffs according to specific load profile
 Participate in DR/DSM programs
 Resell excess power

MIT / CBA Conference / May 10, 2006 4

 Buildings are a major source of demand
side energy efficiency

Energy Demand in the EU in 2000  Buildings consume over 40% of total energy in the
EU and US
Transport Residential /  Between 12% and 18% by commercial buildings the rest
31% Commercial residential.
41%
 Implementing the EU Building Directive (22% reduction)
could save 40Mtoe (million tons of oil equivalent) by 2020.
Industry
28%

 Consumption profiles may vary but heating, cooling

and lighting are the major energy users in buildings
Retail Buildings Healthcare Buildings  Water heating is a major element for healthcare, lodging, and
37% Lighting 28% Water Heating
23% Space Heating
schools.
30% Space Heating
10% Space Cooling 16% Lighting  Lighting and Space Heating are the major elements for
6% Water Heating 6% Office Equipment
17% Other 27% Other commercial and retail buildings.

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 Let’s dream : tomorrow’s energy efficient
buildings would have …
 A structure and walls of such insulation performance that only 50
kWh/m2/year would suffice to achieve ideal thermal comfort

 All of its equipment to the optimal energy performance level

(lighting, HVAC, office devices, …)

 Intelligence everywhere that would seamlessly handle energy

usage optimization whilst guaranteeing optimal comfort, a healthy
environment and numerous other services (security, assistance to
elderly people, …)

 Renewable and non polluting energy sources

 The ability to satisfy its own energy needs (thermal and/or electric)
or even contribute excess power to the community (zero/positive
energy buildings)

 Users whose behaviors would have evolved towards a reasoned

usage of energy

MIT / CBA Conference / May 10, 2006 6

 Envelope & structure of buildings are very
efficient : less than 50 kWh/m2/year are
needed for an ideal thermal comfort

New insulation materials: Effective treatment of thermal

thinner and able to store energy bridges (junctions between walls,
• nano porous silica metallic structures, aluminium
• phase change materials frames) : this can yield up to 30%
wall
reduction of thermal losses
balls of paraffin

support
coating

Highly insulating and active

glazing :
• Vacuum double glazing :
energy loss = 0,5 W/m2/°C –
wall equivalent
• Thermo chromium : variable
heat flow between 20 to 60 %

MIT / CBA Conference / May 10, 2006 7

 Equipment (lighting, HVAC, consumer
appliances) are more & more energy efficient

Lighting efficiency with LEDs : Consumer appliances :

from 20 toward 150 lumen / W Appliances complying with the
energy performance labels are
from 10 to 40% more efficient

Heat pumps : from 20% to

25% of performance increase
with speed driven
compression motor

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 Intelligence is everywhere in buildings : for
usages optimization, for comfort, for health,
for services

Shutters, lighting, HVAC

collaborate to reach global
optimization : increase of
more than 10 %global
energy efficiency

Sensors provide
information of air quality
(pollution, microbes, …)
and smart ventilation
insure health

Weather prediction are

integrated in control

MIT / CBA Conference / May 10, 2006 9

 Turning the dream into a commercially
deployable solution
Examples of available solutions - R&D fields related to Energy Efficiency

Construction &  Offering solutions to optimize energy use in existing

Operation Finance
50% 25%
buildings and guarantee efficiency over time
 75 % of the life cycle costs of a building are in the operation
and alterations of the facility over 25 years.
 Renovations in existing buildings can yield energy savings of
up to 30%.
Alterations  Long term sustainable maintenance offering preventive
25%
maintenance can keep those savings in place

 Innovative solutions delivering energy efficiency in

new constructions
 New concept of integrated power and control building
infrastructure with distributed intelligence
 Innovative lighting solutions based on LED technology
 Advanced autonomous sensors and actuators
 Smart integration of local distributed generation means

MIT / CBA Conference / May 10, 2006 13

 Tomorrow's energy efficient buildings will
require additional processing power at all
levels of its infrastructure
Service
Site engineer provider (ASP)
MV/LV Energy
transformer management
Building expert
station
automation Remote
access

Maintenance
engineer

Main LV Main LV
switchboard Switchboard

LV
panel

Ultra terminal devices

MIT / CBA Conference / May 10, 2006 14

“ Energy Efficiency and Intelligent
Buildings ”

Thank you for your attention

Building a New Electric World