SAP ABAP

FREQUENTLY ASKED INTERVIEW QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

1.Can we write the code both call
transaction and session method in single
program?

Yes it is possible to write call transaction and session in one

program.
2.When using Open SQL statements in an ABAP/4
program, you must ensure the following?

a) The database system being addressed must be supported by

SAP.
b) The database tables being addressed must be defined in the
ABAP/4 dictionary.
c) Both a and b
d) None

Ans. c
3.Which BDC you prefer?

If we want to transfer large amount of data and when we need to

use more than one transaction code we prefer session method.
For small or less amount of data and for single transaction use
call transaction.
(This is more genric answer but you can add more on to this if
you have worked on BDC)
4.Which of the following statements are
correct?
a) A database interface translates SAP’s Open SQL statements into SQL
commands specific to the database in use. Native SQL statements access the
database directly.
b) When you use Native SQL, the addressed database tables do not have to be
known to the ABAP/4 dictionary. In Open SQL, the addressed database tables
must be defined in the ABAP/4 dictionary.
c) There is automatic client handling in Native SQL whereas clients must always be
specified in Open
SQL.

Ans. a,b
5.When u prefer LSMW?

When we need to update medium amount of data we use

LSMW. LSMW is also used when the person like functional
consultant has less programming language.
6.Which of the following are true?

a) TABLE is used as a synonym for STANDARD TABLE

b) You can only access a hashed table using the generic key
operations. Explicit or implicit index operations (such as LOOP
... FROM oe INSERT itab within a LOOP) are not allowed.
c) All hashed tables are index tables.
d) We have to define the hash procedure explicitly for HASHED
TABLE.

Ans. a, b
7.Difference between .include and
.append?

Include structure allows to add one or more structure into

structure or table.Also placed positioning anywhere. Upto 6
include structure can be used in a table.
Append structure can be placed only at the end of a structure or
table which also stops further

insertion of fields.Only one append structure can be used.

8.Can a transparent table exist in data dictionary but
not in the database physically?

a) True b) False

Ans. b
9.Preformance techniques?
1. The sequence of fields must be same as per database table

2. During writing select query write all fields in sequence as per database table.

3. Never write select statements inside loop….endloop.

4. Use st05 SQL trace, se30 run time analysis, code inspector, slin,etc.

5. Use select single * statement instead of select *

6. Always use primary key

7. Use binary search but before using binary search sort that table.
10.Can you create a table with fields not
referring to data elements?

a) Yes b) No

Ans. a
11.How to debug sapscripts?
Two ways to debug sapscript . first way is goto SE 71 and from menu bar select
Utilities-

>activate debugger .then goto SE38 execute the print program ,it automatically
goes to debugging mode …..the other way is , run the program RSTXDBUG in se
38 . execute it . a message will show that debugger is activated .now open the print
program in se 38 …u vll notice that the print prgm is automatically diverted to
debugging mode.
12.How do you create a batch input
session for a transaction?

a) ‘Call transaction’ in background mode.

b) ‘Call transaction’ in error mode.
c) ‘Bdc_insert’ for the transaction.
d) None of the above.

Ans. c
13.What is partner selection?

This concept is mainly used in IDOC where u select the partner

profile using Tcode We20

.with Tcode SM59 you create RFC(remote function call) to

create communication link to a remote system.
14.What is the alternative to batch input
session?
a) Load module
b) Call transaction
c) BAPI
d) Idoc segment

Ans. b
15.What is occurs in internal table?

Occurs addition to the Declaration will give initial size to that

table.occur statement allocates 8kb of memory to the internal
table.
16.The following are true about ‘EXEC
SQL’.
a) You can end the Native SQL with a semicolon. b) You can
end the Native SQL with a period.
c) You cannot perform reliable authorization checks using EXEC
SQL.
d) Host variables in the Native SQL are identified with a
preceding hash (#).

Ans. a, c
17.What is page window?

page window is nothing but a container of a page ,which

uniquely identifies a set of data

…for example while creating invoice …we create logo window ,

billing document header window ,

customer window , terms and condition window etc …

18.The following are true about database
locking.

a) Database systems set physical locks on all lines affected by a database call.
b) Read locks prevent the setting of further read locks for the objects in question.
c) Read locks prevent other transactions from setting write locks for the objects in
question.
d) Write locks allow other transactions to set read locks for the objects in question.

Ans. a, c
19.What is the difference between
scrolling a table horizontally and
vertically..??
In table control when you scroll a table vertically presentation
server needs to call application server to fetch the next record
and display in the table while in case of horizontal scroll there is
no need to call application server.
20.What are field symbols?

a) Field symbols are like pointers in C that can point to any data
object in ABAP/4 and to structures defined in ABAP/4 dictionary.
b) Field symbols have to be created with type specifications
only.
c) You cannot assign one field symbol to another.
d) All operations you have programmed with the field symbol are
carried out with the assigned field.

Ans. a, d
21.What are Field Groups?

A group that combines several fields fewer than one name, at

runtime, the INSERT command is used to define which data
fields are assigned to which field group are called Field Groups.
It should always be a HEADER field group that defines how the
extracted data will be sorted; the fields grouped under the
HEADER field group sort the data.
22.EXTRACT statement

a) The first EXTRACT statement extracts the first extract record.

b) The first EXTRACT statement creates the extract dataset and
adds the first extract record.
c) Each extract record contains, if specified, the fields of the field
group.
d) Each extract record contains, if specified, the fields of the field
symbol.

Ans. b, c
23.List the events in ABAP/4 Language?

The events in ABAP/4 are load of program ,Initialization,

Selection Screen, Start of

Selection, End of Selection, Top of page, Line selection, User

command, End, First.
24.You cannot assign a local data object
defined in a subroutine or function
module to a field group.

a) True
b) False

Ans. a
25.How the values will be passed to RFC
Function module Pass by Value or
Pass by reference?
always Pass by Value.

RFC is Remote Function call so it can’t access the values with

Pass by reference.
26.Which of the following are true?

a) COLLECT can only be used with STANDARD TABLE.

b) To use COLLECT, the internal table should be derived from a database table
with an explicit key.
c) If the system finds a numeric component, that is not part of the key, the numeric
fields that are not part of the table key (see ABAP number types) are added to the
sum total of the existing entries. If it does not find an entry, control passes on to the
next record in the internal table.
d) If the system finds a numeric component, that is not part of the key, the numeric
fields that are not part of the table key (see ABAP number types) are added to the
sum total of the existing entries. If it does not
find an entry, the system creates a new entry instead

Ans. d
27.Buffering concept usage?

There are three type of buffer

1 single record

2 generic buffer

3 full buffer

Buffering is use for improve performance. it improves performance 10 to 100 times

more.
28.Which of the following are true?

a) ABAP queries are created by associating them to a logical database or through

a direct read/data retrieval program.
b) ABAP queries are created from functional areas that are created from a logical
database or through a direct read/retrieval program.
c) ABAP queries are created from user groups attached to the functional areas that
are created from a logical database or through a direct read/retrieval program.
d) ABAP queries are created through the regular report program.

Ans. c
29.Select up to 1 row and select single
difference ?

Select single fetches first matching record. If more than one

matching records are there then only the first matching record
will be considered other records will not be taken into account.
Where as select up to 1 rows will fetch all the matching records
from the database.(Again it will assign only One Record to the
internal table/Work area)
30.A logical unit of work (LUW or
transaction) begins
a) Each time you start a transaction.
b) Each time you end a transaction.
c) When the database changes of the previous LUW have been
confirmed (database commit).
d) Before the database changes of the previous LUW have been
cancelled (database rollback).

Ans. a, d.
31.What are the different buffering
methods?
There are two different buffering methods
The system ensures that data transfer between the R/3 System and the database
system is as

efficient as possible. To do this, it uses the following techniques:

Table buffering: The program accesses data from the buffer of the application
server.

Database request buffering: Individual database entries are not read or passed to
the database until required by an OPEN SQL statement.
32.A database commit is triggered by

a) ABAP/4 command COMMIT WORK.

b) CALL SCREEN, CALL DIALOG.
c) A Remote Function Call
d) CALL TRANSACTION

Ans. a, b, c, d
33.Different types of locks?
Read lock (shared lock)
Protects read access to an object. The read lock allows other transactions read
access but not write

access to the locked area of the table. Write lock (exclusive lock)
Protects write access to an object. The write lock allows other transactions neither
read nor write access to the locked area of the table.

Enhanced write lock (exclusive lock without cumulation)

Works like a write lock except that the enhanced write lock also protects from
further accesses from the same transaction.
34.The following are true about
SAPscript control commands.

a) If a control command is unknown or it contains syntax errors, the line containing

it will be printed out as it is.
b) If a control command is unknown or it contains syntax errors, the line containing
it will be treated as a comment line.
c) A maximum of one control command may appear in each line.
d) A maximum of six control commands may appear in each line.

Ans. b, c
35.CHAIN END CHAIN?

Chain and end chain are used for multiple field validation in
Module pool programming .It is written inside the screen flow
logic.
36.How to Debug RFC Function module?

SE38 –> Utilities –> Settings –> ABAP Editor –> Debugging

Activate the external debugging and choose the New Debugger option in ABAP
debugger.

Go to the particular place in the code and put break point, pop will appear then
choose the HTTP break point.
If you are triggering the RFC from SAP portal make sure that both the user ID
should be same

If the users are different then provide the XI/Portal User ID in the users field.
37.To output SAPscript layout sets, in the
print program
a) You must always start the output with OPEN_FORM and end it with
CLOSE_FORM.
b) Within one transaction, you can use only one OPEN_FORM and CLOSE_FORM
to open and close a layout set.
c) WRITE_FORM should be used within an OPEN_FORM and CLOSE_FORM.
d) WRITE_FORM can be used without an OPEN_FORM and CLOSE_FORM.

Ans. a, c
38.Whysapscripts are client dependent
and smartforms are client independent?

Smartforms create its own function module so it doesn’t need to transport the
request through SCC1.As all the Development Object are stored in client
independent tables. Whereas Script doesn’t generate any function module while
executing so we need to transport the request number through SCC1.Sap script is
stroedin side the client depended table as a TEXT.so sapscripts are client
dependent and smartforms are client independent.
39.The transaction CMOD and SMOD are

a) Used to create enhancements to standard SAP programs.

b) Used to create enhancements to ABAP queries.
c) Used to create the user exits, menu exits and screen exits.
d) Used to modify the standard function groups.

Ans. a, c
40.Difference between user exit and
BADIs?

User exit is for single implementation and it is procedural approach while BADIs
are for multiple implementation and object oriented approach.
Multiple implementation means Reusability… because we use OOps Concepts for
BADI.
41.Which of the following are tools to
report data in ABAP?
e) ALV
f) ALE
g) LSMW
h) SmartForms

Ans: a
42.Control break events in ABAP?

1. AT-FIRST: This is used when we want to execute the statements before records
are processed.

2. AT-LAST: This event is used when we want to execute the statements after all
records are processed.

3. AT-NEW: This event is used when we want to execute the statement before
group of records are processed.
4. AT-END: This event is used when we want to execute the statements after
processing of group of records.
43.ABAP Query tool is used to:

a) Enquire about a running-program status

b) Automatically generate code for reporting
c) Perform database operations for user-written programs
d) None of the above

Ans: b.
44.What is TMG?

TMG stands for Table Maintenance generator. It is a tool available in abap by

which we can add or delete multiple records at a time and it is executed or
triggered by the transaction code SM30.
45.In ABAP Query tool..
a) Each user can be assigned to several user-groups
b) Each user can be assigned to several functional areas
c) Each functional area can be assigned to several user-groups
d) One user can be assigned only to one user-group.

Ans: a, b, c
46.Difference between select option and
ranges ?
The main difference between select option and ranges is that ranges implicitly or
automatically creates internal table with fields like OPTION,LOW,HIGH,SIGN,etc .
Where as in case of select option we have to explicitly create internal table.
When u declares a select options it will implicitly declare an internal table (ranges)
for you. While using RANGES syntax u can declare internal table explicitly.
The only need of declaring ranges is when you r not taking input from the user but
you want make limit based selection at that time it will be use full e.g. SELECT **
from ** where MATNR in val_range. here u can use select-option or ranges :
val_range.
47.Logical databases must be used to
create an ABAP Query

a) True
b) False

Ans: b
48.how we can retrieve data using
secondary index.explain with simple
example?
First create secondary indexes on required fields of a particular database table.

We can create one primary index and 15 secondary indexes.Once the respective
secondary indexes are created write select queries and within select queries
specify secondary indexes field name with where clause.
49.In a BDC program, how would you
handle errored records? Would you…

a) Rerun the program

b) Report the errored records
c) Generate a batch-input session with errored records
d) Create an output file, to be run again after corrections

Ans: b, c, d
50.How can we handle table control in
BDC?
We can handle table control using line index
Line index indicates which line of Table control is to be use for BDC transaction

Ex -

performbdc_field using ‘RC29K-AUSKZ(01)’

Indicates 1st line of table control is going to be used for transaction which is Line
index of Table

Control
51.What are IDocs?

a) Documentation of executable programs

b) Documents used for data-transport between SAP and non-SAP s/w.
c) Documents used for data-transport between two different SAP systems
d) Documents used for one-time data-migration activities.

Ans: b, c
52.If i want to execute a BDC program only in
background not in foreground is there any option for
this?

The sm37 transaction can be used for running a program in the

background. Also in the session method while processing the
session you can specify the processing type as background or
foreground.
53.For transportation of data from a presentation
server into SAP, the function module used is

a) UPLOAD
b) WS_UPLOAD
c) FILE_UPLOAD
d) DATA_UPLOAD

Ans: a, b
54.How Can We upload a text file having Delimiters in
to Legacy System?

For up loading text file we use the pre-defined FM gui_upload. in

that FM we have the parameter

has_field_seperator for that we assign the default delimiter ‘x’.

HAS_FIELD_SEPERATOR ‘X’
‘X’ can provide the Whatever delimiter we used in flat file for
separation.
55.For one-time high volume data-uploads into SAP
from non-reliable systems, the following are generally
used:

a) BDC
b) LSMW
c) Direct table update
d) Idocs

Ans: a, b
56.What is the land scape in sap?

In every organisation sap landscape involves three servers viz,

Development server, Quality server and Production server.
Whatever new development we do as per clients requirement is
done in development server. Later to test the developed object
we move it to quality server for testing and finally once
everything goes clear then the object is moved to production
server ,production server data is ready for final business use.
57.Workbench request are client dependent or client
independent

Workbench request are client independent.

(Common Man Workbench request holds the Program , FM

etc…. How it can be Client Dependent!!!!)
58.In an ABAP program, the INITIALIZATION event is
invoked

a) Before the AT-SELECTION-SCREEN event

b) After the AT-SELECTION-SCREEN event
c) Could be either way
d) Cannot be predicted

Ans: a
59.Tell me about workbench request and customization
requests.

Workbench (ABAP Dev) request is client independent when you

import it into one system it reflact it in all client in same system,
but customized request has to import in that client perticular
client where it is created, actually it is client dependent.
60.The statement to check whether an internal table
itab_test has no records, is: IF itab_test is initial.

a) TRUE
b) FALSE

Ans: b.
61.What is an internal table?

Internal table is a temporary table stored in the RAM of the

application server. It gets created during the program execution
and gets deleted once the program ends.

Different types of internal table. Standard table

Sorted table

Hashed table
62.The statement used to clear all the contents of an
internal table is:

a) CLEAR itab.
b) REFRESH itab.
c) FREE itab.
d) DELETE itab.

Ans: b, c
63.What is the difference between COLLECT and
APPEND statements?

APPEND statement adds a new record to the end of the internal

table. COLLECT statement adds a new record to the end of the
internal table if there is no record already exists in the internal
table with the same key. If a record exits in the internal table with
the same key then COLLECT adds the numeric values in the
work area to the existing record.
64.The AT-SELECTION-SCREEN event is triggered
when…

a) ENTER key is hit on the selection-screen

b) F8 key is hit on the selection-screen
c) Any field on selection-screen is populated
d) F4 key is hit on the selection-screen

Ans: a, b
65.How do you delete duplicate records from internal
table?

Use SORT and DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES statements

to delete the duplicate records from internal table.
66.What is the transaction-code for viewing batch-runs
of a program?

a) SE37
b) SM37
c) SM35
d) SM30

Ans: b
67.How do you find number of records present in
internal table?

Use DESCRIBE TABLE statement.

68.SY-BATCH can be used to determine whether a
program is being run in batch-mode, within the
AT-SELECTION-SCREEN event.

a) TRUE
b) FALSE

Ans: b
69.What is the difference between REFRESH and FREE
statements?

REFRESH clears the contents of the internal table but the

memory remains allocated. FREE clears the contents of the
internal table and releases the memory space.
70.The following statements will clear the header-line
of an internal table:

a) DELETE ITAB.
b) FREE ITAB.
c) REFRESH ITAB.
d) CLEAR ITAB.

Ans: d
71.What are the different control break statements
available inside a loop?

AT FIRST / ENDAT AT LAST / ENDAT

AT NEW / ENDAT

AT END OF / ENDAT SUM

ON CHANGE OF / ENDON
72.The SAP Logon password is always case-insensitive.

a) TRUE
b) FALSE

Ans: b
73.What is the purpose of AT FIRST and AT LAST?

AT FIRST is used to write headings and loop initialization

process. AT LAST is used to write grand totals and loop
termination processing.
74.Data: BEGIN OF ITAB OCCURS 0, FIELD1(10),
FIELD2(10), END OF ITAB.
DO 20 TIMES.
ITAB-FIELD1 = ‘Field1’. ITAB-FIELD2 = ‘Field2’. ENDDO.

a)The internal table has 20 entries.

b)The internal table has one entry.
c)The internal table has no entry.
d) Unpredictable.

Ans: c
75.What is the purpose of SUM statement?

SUM statement is used to calculate the totals for the rows of a

control level.
76.READ TABLE ITAB_TEST WITH KEY VBELN = k_vbeln. If multiple
records in table ITAB satisfy the condition, then

a) All records are fetched

b) The last record is fetched
c) The first record is fetched
d) Compilation error

Ans: c
77.Can we use ON CHANGE OF between SELECT and ENDSELECT?

Yes. It can be used in any loop construct. It can be used within

LOOP AT/ENDLOOP, SELECT/ENDSELECT, DO/ENDDO and
WHILE/ENDWHILE.
78.If ITAB has 1000 entries, and DBTAB is a large table, which is better
in terms of performance?

i) LOOP AT ITAB.
SELECT * INTO ITAB_2 FROM DBTAB WHERE KEY1 = ITAB-KEY1.
APPEND ITAB_2.
ENDSELECT. ENDLOOP.

ii) LOOP AT ITAB.

SELECT * INTO TABLE ITAB_2 FROM DBTAB WHERE KEY1 = ITAB-KEY1.
ENDLOOP.

iii) SELECT * INTO TABLE ITAB_2 FROM DBTAB FOR ALL ENTRIES IN
ITAB WHERE
KEY1 = ITAB-KEY1.

a) (i) is better than (ii), and (ii) is better than (iii).

b) (ii) is better than (iii), and (iii) is better than (i).
c) (iii) is better than (i) and (i) is better than (ii).
d) (iii) is better than (ii) and (ii) is better than (i).
Ans: d
79.DATA: BEGIN OF ITAB OCCURS 0,

Fld1 (1), Fld2 (1), Fld3 (1),

END OF ITAB.
ITAB has 5 records – [ (1,1,1), (1,1,2), (1,2, 2), (2,2,2), (2,2,3) ].

The code segment: LOOP AT ITAB.

AT NEW fld3. WRITE fld3. ENDAT. ENDLOOP.
Produces the output:

a) 12223
b) 123
c) 11222
d) 11122

Ans: a
80.When is Top-of-page event executed?

a) Triggered by a New-page statement

b) When the First Write Statement of the program is encountered.

c) Before outputting the first line on a new page.

Ans: b, c
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