Management – Definition &

Importance - Functions –
Nature
 Management - Definition

 Management in brief is the “efficient use of men,

material and resources towards achieving specific
objectives”.

 In order to achieve the desired objectives of an

organisation through group action, “MANAGEMENT”
is a must to direct, coordinate and integrate the
activities and affairs of the organisation.

 “art of getting things done through others”

 Function- a group of similar activities

Henry Fayol - Planning, organising, commanding,

coordinating, controlling

Luther Gulick - POSDCORB-planning, organising,staffing,

directing,coordinating,reporting, budgeting

Lyndall Urwick -Planning, organising, commanding,

coordinating, communicating,
forecasting, investigating
 …..Contd.,

Ralph Davis - Planning, organising, controlling

E.F.L. Brech- Planning, organising,motivating,

coordinating, controlling

Koontz and O'Donnell -Planning, organising,

staffing, leading (directing), controlling
 Contd.,
 Directing leading+ motivating+
communicating +commanding +
activating + securing

 Planning formulating purpose+

innovating + investigating
Basic Functions of Management

 Planning
 Organising
 Staffing
 Directing
 Controlling
 Planning

 Planning is the conscious determination of

future course of action

 This involves why an action, what

action, how to take action, and when
to take action
 Types
 Long-term period - usually five years or
more

 Intermediate-term - usually 2-5 years

 Short-term period - usually for one year

 Organising

 Process of dividing work into convenient

tasks or duties

 grouping of such duties in the form of

positions, grouping of various positions into
departments and sections, assigning duties
to individual positions, and delegating
authority to each position so that the work is
carried out as planned
 Staffing
 Staffing involves manning the various positions
created by the organizing process

 Preparing inventory of personnel available

 identifying the gap between manpower required and
available
 identifying the sources to select people
 selecting people, training and developing them
 fixing financial compensation, periodical appraising
 Directing
 When people are available in the
organisation, they must know what they are
expected to do in the organisation

 Superiors have continuous responsibility of

guiding and leading the sub-ordinates for
better work performance and motivating
them to work with zeal and enthusiasm
 Controlling

 Actual results vs Expected results

 Identification of deviation between the two

 Taking of corrective action so that actual

results match with expected results
Nature of Management Functions

 Management is goal-oriented: Management is

not an end in itself

 Management is universal (irrespective of the

size or type of activity)
 Management is an Integrative Force

 Management is a Social Process (Management

is done by people, through people and for
people)
 Contd.,

 Management is multidisciplinary

 Management is Intangible

 Management is an Art as well as Science