What is Communication ?

What is Communication?

COMMUNICATION IS THE ART OF TRANSMITTING

INFORMATION, IDEAS AND ATTITUDES FROM ONE
PERSON TO ANOTHER.COMMUNICATION IS THE
PROCESS OF MEANINGFUL INTERACTION AMONG
HUMAN BEINGS.
.
Communication is an exchange of ideas,
feelings and information by speaking,
writing, symbolic or behavioral.
 When does it happen ?

When a person sends or receives

information, ideas and feelings with
others not only by using spoken or
written communication but also
nonverbal communication.

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The communication process is complete
once the receiver has understood the
message of the sender. Feedback is
critical to effective communication
between parties.
The Communication Process

Sender
Encoding

Channel Noise Message

Barrier Barrier
Barrier
Feedback
Channel

Decoding Receiver
Basic Elements or Components
Communication
There are seven elements that interact in
communication process, namely:
speaker
message
channel
receiver
Feedback
Interference and situation
SPEAKER

The speaker is the source or the

originator of the communication
message.
 MESSAGE

The message is the ideas or information

that is being sent through words,
sounds, and action symbols selected and
organized by the speaker and
interpreted by the listener.
 CHANNEL

The channel is the means by which a

message is communicated. It can be
through human senses or mediums
of communication such as
telephone, television, radio etc. or
medium through which a message is
transmitted to its intended audience,
such as print media or broadcast
(electronic) media.
 What are communication channels and why
are they important?

Communication can be split into two parts -- the

message or content, and the channel it's
transmitted on. For example, you may want to
communicate something about your emotional
state -- let's say that you are angry. You can
communicate that over a number of channels.
You could write a letter. You could send email.
You could communicate it non-verbally or para-
verbally. You could send a tape recording of
your ranting about why you are angry. Those are
all different channels.
Types of communication channels
Interpersonal channels — such as face-to-face
communication, home visits, training, group
discussions, and counseling — are generally best for
giving credibility to messages, providing information,
and teaching complex skills that need two-way
communications between the individual and the
health workers.
Broadcast channels, such as radio and television,
generally provide broad coverage for communication
of messages by reaching a large number of the target
audience quickly and frequently.
Print channels, such as pamphlets, flyers, and
posters, are generally considered best for providing a
timely reminder of key communication messages.
 RECEIVER

The receiver (listener) is the person who

perceives the communication message.
Analyzes and translates it to meaning. He basically
receives message, decodes and responds.
Decoding: Since the message contains codes (verbal and
nonverbal), every receiver will interprets and translates it
based on his background and previous experiences.
Here the Receiver could be Boss or Worker
FEEDBACK

Feedback: The response that receiver sends

to the sender. It shows if the message has
been received and understood as intended
to be.

Here the Feedback can get from Boss or

Worker
Effective communication only takes
to the extent that the FEEDBACK of
the RECEIVER matches the intention
of the SOURCE.
 INTERFERENCE/ BARRIER

Anything that impedes the communication

of a message is interference.

Kinds of interference.
 External to the audience.
 Internal comes from within the audience..
SITUATION

The situation is the time and

place in which speech
communication occurs.
Conversation always takes place
in certain situation.
Effective communication habits lead to healthy
personal and work relationships.

The way we communicate

with others ultimately
determines the quality of
our lives.

“A writer writes not because he is educated but he

is driven by the need to communicate, share and to
be understood.”
 Communication

Verbal Nonverbal
(spoken language) (silent language)
Oral Form Gestures
Written Form Facial Expression
Bodily Movements
Sounds
Let’s Examine How Body Communicates,
from head to toes

20
 FACE

Can you guess the facial expressions

communicating? 21
 Can you guess the facial
expressions communicating?
 Nonverbal Communication

Is any communication that takes places

using non-linguistic signs, or “non word
signs”.
Function of symbols / language

Symbols are used to represent or stand for

whatever it is that people agree they
should stand for . They are used for
representation.
 Actions Speak Louder than Words?
‘What often happens in any relationship is that
language itself becomes a mask and a means
of clouding and confusing the relationship.

If the spoken language is stripped away and

the only
communication left is body language, the truth
will find some way of poling through. Spoken
language itself is a great obscurer”
Barriers...!
 Top Most Communication Barriers

 Physical barriers/Noise
 Perceptual
barriers/Assumptions/Misconceptions
 Emotional barriers
 Cultural barriers
 Language barriers
 Gender barriers
Physical barrier

Environment
-place is too noisy, or two crowded, you may not
be able to clearly listen to the speaker.
 Distance
-manager may have to give out instructions over
the phone or over the email
Ignorance of medium
-the use of signs to communicate can be seen in
games through signs and symbols
Difference in Perception of Reality
Perceptual barriers,
See the world differently !
We all have our own preferences, values,
attitudes, origins and life experiences
Different world views can create
misunderstanding.
Solution
Start by listening to others.
 Clarify if there is confusion.
 Stay calm and be positive.
Emotional barriers
.
emotional state may influence your capacity to
make yourself understood and hamper your
understanding of others.
solution
Be aware of the feelings that arise in yourself and
in others as you communicate, and attempt to
control them.
FEAR/
INSECURITY

MISTRUST

STRESS
Cultural barriers. .
Each culture has its own
rules about proper
behavior which affect
verbal and nonverbal
communication.
• https://www.slideshare.net/FoodTechnologist/
7-barriers-to-great-
communication?from_action=save

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Semantic Barriers:
Language problems
Poor vocabulary
Poor knowledge of grammar
Poor pronunciation and Poor handwriting
If one is not familiar with your
language, misinterpretation
will occur.
 Gender Barriers

This barrier
arises because
men and women
have different
ways of thinking
and
communication.
Communicate positively and truly.
 Paint me a picture activity
• Earthquake
• Typhoon
• First aid
• Evacuation
• Isolation

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Exercises and Activities
Picture Activity
•Gather three pictures that contain a large object like a
building or monument. Select two people as volunteers.
Place them in the front of the room and seat them back
to back. Give one person a picture and show it to the rest
of the group so the other seated person cannot see it.
Instruct the person with the picture to describe the
object to her partner without telling him what it is. Her
goal is to describe it so well that the other person can
accurately tell the group what it is. Repeat this process
three times and everyone will understand how difficult
accurate communication can be.
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