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ASEPSIS
DEFINITION
STERILIZATION
DISINFECTANT
A chemical used on non vital objects to kill surface vegetative
pathogenic organisms, but not spores or viruses.
Sanitizing - process that reduces microbial population
on object to a safe level.
Sporicide:
An agent that kills spores.
INTRUDING BODY’S LINE OF DEFENSE
Microbial Control
Methods
Mechanical Removal
Physical Agents Chemical Agents
Methods
Physical Agents
Heat Radiation
Disinfection
Chemical Agent
Gas Liquids
Filtration
Air Liquids
Disinfection Sterilization
To achieve sterilization of any instrument three
definite stages are to be completed-
Sterilization process
Aseptic storage
Presterilization cleaning
• Objective-
Removal of the organic matters, blood and
saliva which provide protective barrier for
microorganisms and prevents its destruction.
• There are three methods for cleaning
-Manual
-Ultrasonic
-Mechanical washing
MANUAL CLEANING
Principle- conversion of
electrical energy into vibratory
sound waves which pass
through a soap solution
containing the instrument.
Principle- High-pressure
jets of water with or
without a detergent which
removes debris from
instrument.
Small instrument like
burs, blade are not
suitable for this type of
cleaning.
Physical Methods of Sterilisation
Sterilisation By Dry Heat: • Kills by oxidation effects
•The oven utilizes dry heat to
sterilize articles
• Operated between 50oC to
250/300oC.
•A holding period of 160oC for
1 hr is desirable.
• There is a thermostat
controlling the temperature.
•Double walled insulation
keeps the heat in and conserves
Hot Air Oven energy
Uses:
Boiling:
Kills vegetative forms of bacterial pathogens.
• Hepatitis virus: Can survive up to 30 minutes of
boiling.
Endospores: Can survive up to 20 hours or more of
boiling
STEAM UNDER PRESSURE - AUTOCLAVE
• Absorbed as heat
Eg: UV rays
IONISING RADIATIONS
Mycobacteria, TB bacilli
Intermediate Disinfection
Low Disinfection