PROTECTION COORDINATION OF HUB

POWER PLANT ON ETAP 16.0.0

(FYP MIDTERM PRESENTATION)

Group Members:
Muhammad Shahzaib (EE-086)
Syed Affan Jamil (EE-119)
Osama Anzar (EE-162)
Muhammad Anwar Kamal (EE-256)

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INTRODUCTION

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 Brief Introduction
 In a power system, one of the most critical problems is power protection.

 In case of a short circuit or any electrical fault, protective devices are used to isolate the
faulty part from rest of the healthy system.

 Some protective devices are used as primary protection, while some protective devices
need to be operational as a back-up protection if and only if the primary protection is
failed due to some reason. Hence a perfect coordination between protective devices is
required.

 To achieve this coordination, the fault conditions must be simulated and analyzed. In this
project, this will be achieved by software ETAP 16.0.0

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 Problem Statement
 Faults always occur in a power system which can greatly affect or restrict operations
or may cause severe damages.

 The protection scheme has the duty to trip only that part of the system which
is facing the fault.

 But if protective devices are not coordinated properly, it may result in false tripping
i.e. back-up protection can operate before the primary protection, and greater part of
the system, including the unfaulted part would be de-energized.

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 Objective
The main objective of this project to achieve protection coordination of Hub
power plant on ETAP, or in other words to achieve time- sequenced tripping of
overcurrent protective devices, such that the device closest to the fault
condition trips first, and only the faulty part of the system is isolated.

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LITERATURE REVIEW

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 A power system consists of a number of equipment,
hence a number of circuit breakers and relays are required
to protect the system.
 Only if the primary protection does not clear the fault,
the back-up protection should initiate tripping.

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 Power System study and analysis are important
aspects of power system
engineering.
 After the development of powerful computer based
software, the field of electrical engineering is also
revolutionized.

 The Electrical Transient Analyzer Program (ETAP)

software can be used effectively for analysis and
monitoring of large electrical power system.

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METHODOLOGY

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 Single Line Diagram

The first and very important step is to produce the single- line diagram of the
system or the portion of the system to monitor, and manage the electrical
network as well as execute simulation scenarios and analyse their results in a
simple and intuitive manner.

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 Short Circuit Analysis

A complete short-circuit analysis will be performed in ETAP to obtain

momentary and interrupting ratings. The study should also include
maximum and minimum expected fault interrupting duties, as well as
contributions from each short circuit current source.

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 Selective Coordination

 In coordination curves, certain time intervals or margins must be maintained

between the curves of various protective devices so that the devices could be

operated in correct sequence.

 These intervals are required because relays have mechanical over-travel and curve

tolerances, and circuit breakers have their specific speeds of operation.

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PRELIMINARY RESULTS

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Development of SLD of HUB Power Plant
on ETAP 16.0.0
We have so far established Single Line Diagram of the plant in
ETAP16.0.0.

There are four generating units and their auxiliaries in the plant.

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 Generating Unit
 The major components of a single generating unit are listed below:

• 380 MVA, 21.5 KV 3-phase Generator

• 21.5 KV/0.655 KV Transformer
• 6.6 KV Bus Bar
• 3-phase Motor (>=250 KW)
• 6.6/0.4 KV Transformer
• 380V Bus Bar
• 3-phase Motor (>75KW , <250KW)

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Lets have a look on Generating Unit which we
developed in ETAP…..

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 Auxiliary
There are four auxiliary systems in the plant. The major components of a single
auxiliary are listed below:

• 21.5 KV/0.655 KV Transformer

• 6.6 KV Bus Bar
• 3-phase Motor (>=250 KW)
• 6.6/0.4 KV Transformer
• 6.6/0.4-0.23 KV Transformer
• 380V Bus Bar
• 380-220V Bus Bar
• 3-phase Motor (>75KW , <250KW)

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Lets have a look on an Auxiliary which we
developed in ETAP…..

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EXPECTED OUTCOMES

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 The user will be able to insert a fault on
desired location in single line diagram.

 The fault currents will be automatically

calculated & displayed on the oneline
diagram.

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 The sequence of operation of
protective devices can be analyzed.
It evaluates and verifies the
operation and selectivity of the
protective devices for various types
of faults inserted by the user on the
single line diagram.

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CONCLUSION

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 The protection of equipment and the coordination between protective devices is a
big concern for electrical networks.

 This project will help engineers to perform protective device coordination

studies efficiently.

 It will offer an accurate operating characteristic & time of protective devices and
provide an insight into troubleshooting false trips, & relay mis-coordination.

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