Unit II Terminollgies

RUKHSANA.M.HAROON.
Instructor JCN
karachi
Loneliness
Loneliness is an unpleasant
feeling in which a person
experiences a strong sense
of emptiness and solitude
resulting from inadequate levels of social
relationships. However, it is a subjective
experience
HOPE
 Hope is the emotional state which
promotes the belief in a positive outcome
related to events and circumstances in
one's life
HOPE

It is the "feeling that what is

wanted can be had or that events will turn
out for the best" or the act of "looking
forward to with desire and reasonable
confidence" or "feeling that something
desired may happen".
HOPELESSNESS
 . a loss of confidence that future events or occurrences
will be positive.
 2. a NURSING DIAGNOSIS accepted by the North American
Nursing Diagnosis Association, defined as the subjective
state in which an individual sees limited or no
alternatives or personal choices available and is unable
to mobilize energy on his or her own behalf.
Hopelessness is associated with poor health outcomes
and may be counteracted for some patients by the
maintenance of a positive environment that fosters
independence and self-confidence.
Powerlessness
 Powerlessness refers to “the expectancy or
probability held by the individual that his own
behaviour cannot determine the occurrence of
the outcomes, or reinforcements, he seeks”
(Seeman, 1959: 784). Seeman argues that this
is “the notion of alienation as it originated in the
Marxian view of the worker’s
 condition in capitalist society:
Anxiety
Anxiety can be defined as:
 ‘an emotional state, similar to fear, associated with
physiological (somatic) and psychological (cognitive)
arousal and with feelings of nervousness and
apprehension.’
 i.e. a subjective feeling of apprehension & worry.
 It is negative aspect of stress response
Aging

 Aging is a PROCESS that converts an

 optimally healthy, fit organism (for its
 environment) into a less healthy, less fit
 Organism
 Aging is a biological process
 Aging not disease, per se
 Loss
 Experience of parting with an object, person,
belief, or relationship that one values
 Grief
 Pattern of psychological and physiologic
responses a person experiences after a loss
of person, object, belief, or relationship
 Spirituality
 Spirituality refers to a belief in a higher power,
an awareness of life and its meaning, the
centering of a person with purpose in life. It
involves relationships with a higher being,
 with self, and with the world around the
individual.. Spirituality implies living with
 moral standards.
The spirit of a human is his essence, that
part of him or her that is not visible. The
part that does not die but is immortal.
Webster defines spirit as “ a life giving
force” and as the “active presence of God
in human life.”
 HEALTH

health is state of complete, physical,mental

and social wellbeing and not merely the
absence of disease or infirmity
 We are not human beings having
a
 spiritual experience. We are
spiritual beings having a human
experience.”
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