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9 Forces in Equilibrium
Learning Outcome :
• Describe situation where forces are
in equilibrium.
• State what a resultant force is.
• Add two forces to determine the
resultant forces.
• Resolve a force into the effective
component forces.
Newton’s 3 Law of
Motion
• Where there is an action, there is a
reaction which is equal in magnitude
but opposite in direction
Illustrations of Newton’s
3 Law
rd
Vector and Scalar
Quantity
• A scalar quantity is a quantity which
can be fully described by magnitude
only.
• A vector quantity is a quantity which
is fully described by both magnitude
and direction.
What is Vector Diagram?
• Vector Diagram
• The arrow shows the direction of the
vector.
• The length representing the
magnitude of the vector.
Vector Addition
Vector Addition by parallelogram Vector Addition by triangular
method method
102 + 122 =
15.62N
Example 2
Diagram above shows that
four forces of magnitude
2N, 4N, 5N and 8N are
acting on point O. All the
forces are perpendicular to
each others. What is the
magnitude of the resulatant
force that acts on point O?
Answer :
• he resultant force of the horizntal
component = 5 - 2 = 3N to the right
The resultant force of the vertical
component = 8 - 4 = 4N acting
downward.
• Therefore, the magtitude of these 2
force components,
• 32 + 42 = 25 = 5
Vector Resolution