INTRODUCTION TO

DENTISTRY
 Dentistry
Branch of medicine which deals with the study

and practice of:

• Prevention

• Diagnostic

• Therapy

Diseases of soft and hard tissues of oral cavity

and orofacial area.

 Dental tissues

Hard DT: enamel, dentine, cement

Soft DT: dental pulp

Others
gingiva, oral mucosa, lips, alveolar bones,
orofacial bones, salivary glands a ducts,
TMJ...
 Branches of dentistry

1. Therapeutic: a) cariology

b) endodontics

2. Prosthetics

3. Periodontology

4. Dental surgery:
a) dentoalveolar

b) orofacial

5. Pedodontics

6. Orthodontics
 Cooperation with other
medical branches

Propagation of systemic diseases in OC

Infectious: flu, morbili, HIV,

scarlatina
Noninfectious: GIT diseases,
hematological diseases
(anaemia,
imunodeficiecy)
 Consiliar examination
Dental consiliar examination

Internal med.
Dermatology
Neurology
Ophtalmology
Psychiatry

Fokal infection, mucosal erosions, mucositis post

radiologic treatment, herpes, aphtheous stomatitis
 Consiliar examination
Consiliar examination required by dentist

Internal med.:
Haemorhagic patients before surgical
treatment
Psychiatry.:
stomatodynia, corpus alienum,
xerostomy
Neurology:
trigeminal neuralgia
 Patients examintaion

• Anamnesis
• Clinical exam.: e.o. exam., i.o.
• X-rays
• Auxiliary examinations: cultivation,
biopsy, consiliar exam.
 Dental hygiene and
hygiene importance

keep teeth and gingiva healthy

Removing of plaque = teeth brushing

removing and activity MIO decreasing

 Oral hygiene

Individual:
Home care

Professional:
Performedy by dentist, dental
hygienist
 Plaque removal tools

Mechanical: • toothbrush
• interdental brush

• dental floss

• special tools for

orthodontic app.
 Tools for dental hygiene

Chemical: • Tooth paste

• Mouth rinse containing F-
or chlorhexidine

Antibakterial effect
Remineralisation effect
 Brushing techniqe

Horizontal: 
Circular: mliečna dentícia

Vertical strokes:

Direction (red to white): 

Teeht numbering system
FDI - Federation Dentaire Internationale
Teeht numbering system
FDI - Federation Dentaire Internationale