Horizontal Separators Vertical Separators

 This separator is ideal for high liquid  This separator is ideal for high
flow rate vapour flow rate
 More suitable for handling large  Vertical separators have the
holdup time advantage of lower space
 Separation efficiency higher than for requirement.
a vertical separator  Less suitable for high liquid–vapor
ratios
 Pressure 648kPa
 Temperature 315K
 Mass Flow Rate of Liquid 228081Kg/hr
 Density of Liquid 812.6Kg/m 3
 Mass Flow Rate of Vapors 20935Kg/hr
 Density of Vapors 1.577Kg/m3
 To meet the requirement of high liquid flow rate
(228081 kg/hr)

 To meet the requirement of large holdup time

(minimum 7.5minutes)

4
Reference: Harry Sila, “Chemical Process Engineering Design And Economic” Edition 3rd
 Ut =0.24 m/sec
 Ut = settling velocity, m/s
 pL = liquid density, Kg/m3
 pv= vapour density, Kg/m3

Refrence Coulson & Richardson Chemical Engineering Design, Vol.6, P 461

 Qv = Mv
pv

 Qv = 3.7 m3/sec
 Qv = Vapour Volumetric Flow Rate, m3/sec
 Mv = Vapour Mass Flow Rate, Kg/hr
 pv = Vapour Density, Kg/m3

Refrence Coulson & Richardson Chemical Engineering Design, Vol.6, P 461

 Take Lv/Dv = 3 (for 6.45 bar)
 Take Liquid Height as Half of Vessel
Diameter
 hv = 0.5Dv (for preliminary
designs)

Refrence Coulson & Richardson Chemical Engineering Design, Vol.6, P 463

 Av =

 Av = 0.4Dv2
 Av = Cross-sectional area for vapour flow,
m2
 Dv = Vessel Diameter, m

Refrence Coulson & Richardson Chemical Engineering Design, Vol.6, P 464

 Uv = Qv
Av

 Uv = 9.3Dv-2
 Uv = Vapour Velocity, m/sec
 Qv = Vapour Volumetric Flow Rate, m3/sec
 Av = Vapour Cross Sectional Area, m2

Refrence Coulson & Richardson Chemical Engineering Design, Vol.6, P 464

 t req = hv
ut

 t req = 2.1Dv
 t req = Required Vapour Residence Time,
sec
 ut = Settling Velocity, m/sec
 hv = Height of Vapour, m2

Refrence Coulson & Richardson Chemical Engineering Design, Vol.6, P 464

 t act = Lv
Uv

 t act = 0.32Dv3
 t act = Actual Vapour Residence Time, sec
 Lv= Vessel Length, m
 Uv = Vapour Velocity, m/sec

Refrence Coulson & Richardson Chemical Engineering Design, Vol.6, P 464

 t req = t (for satisfactory
act separation)

 Dv = 2.5m
 t act = Actual Vapour Residence Time, sec
 t req = Required Vapour Residence Time,
sec

Refrence Coulson & Richardson Chemical Engineering Design, Vol.6, P 464

 QL = ML
pL

 QL = 0.07 m3/sec
 QL = Liquid Volumetric Flow Rate, m3/sec
 ML = Liquid Mass Flow Rate, Kg/hr
 pL = Liquid Density, Kg/m3

Refrence Coulson & Richardson Chemical Engineering Design, Vol.6, P 464

 AL =

 AL = 3 m 2
 AL = Cross-sectional area for liquid flow,
m2
 Dv = Vessel Diameter, m

Refrence Coulson & Richardson Chemical Engineering Design, Vol.6, P 464

 VL = A L x
Lv

 VL = 18.4m3
 VL = Liquid hold-up volume, m3
 Lv= Vessel Length, m
 AL = Liquid cross-sectional area, m2

Refrence Coulson & Richardson Chemical Engineering Design, Vol.6, P 464

 t = VL
QL

 t = 4.4 minutes (this is unsatisfactory,

7.5 minutes minimum required)

 t = liquid hold-up time, sec

 VL = Liquid hold-up volume, m3
 QL = liquid volumetric flow-rate, m3/hr
Reference: Harry Sila, “Chemical Process Engineering Design And Economic” Edition 3rd, P-298,Table 6.11
 If the liquid height is kept at half the
vessel diameter, the diameter must be
increased by a factor of 1.2
 Take Dv = 3m (2.5x1.2)
 t = 8 minutes

Refrence Coulson & Richardson Chemical Engineering Design, Vol.6, P 464

 IDENTIFICATION
Item Gas liquid separator
Type Phase separator

FUNCTION
To separate the vapor and liquid.

No. Required 1

Pressure 648kPa

Temperature 315 K

Diameter 3m

Length 9m

Holdup Time 8min

Material of construction Stainless steel