WATER

SAFE AND WHOLESOME WATER

Safe and wholesome water is define as
water having following characteristics.
1) Free from pathogenic organism.
2) Free from harmful chemical
substances.
3) Pleasant to test.
4) useable for domestic purpose.
USE OF WATER
 DOMESTIC USE
• Water is required for drinking,
cooking, bathing, washing, gardening
etc. The estimated water needed for
urban areas is 20-25 gallons per head
.and the rural areas it required 10-15
gallon per head.
 PUBLIC USE
• IT is required in a public place and
community as a purpose of fire
fighting, maintenance of public
gardens, swimming pools, and other
various purpose. This required large
quantity.
 INDUSTRIAL USE
water is most importance role in
industry. Without the water industry
can not work.
 AGRICULTURE USE
• No food can grow without water, so
it is essential for cultivation of food,
fruits and vegetable. Its also help to
grow up the socio economic
condition.
 TRADE AND BUSINESS
• Different trade centre like hotel,
restaurant, hospitals, laundry etc.
required proper water supply for
both drinking, bathing and washing.
 PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY
• Water play the main role on the
production of electricity, after
production of electricity those water
are utilize on fields.
 REQUERMENT OF WATER
• Water is used from birth to death,
but the requirement in quality and
quantity are varied.
• The consumption of water is depend
open climate condition , standard of
living and habit.
 CONTINUE…
• Adequate amount of water reduces
the water related disease.
• Daily supply of water should be 150
to 200 liters per person is
recommended.
SOURCES OF WATER
 RAIN WATER
• Rain water is main soures of water. It
is the purest form in nature. on
reaching the surface of the earth,
part of it is evaporated, part of it
flows to form rivers, helps to feed
tanks and lakes, while the rest of it
reaches subsoil to become ground
water.
CHARACTERISTICS OF RAIN WATER
• Physically = it is clear and bright.
• Chemically = soft in nature.
• Bacteriologically = free from
pathogenic organism.
 SURFACE WATER
• The origin of surface water is also
rain water which includes rivers,
tanks, lakes, reservoirs, sea etc.
surface water is at high risk to
contamination from human and
animals sources. It is not suitable for
consumption before purification.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF WATER IN
RIVERS
• Turbid and clear
• Contain suspended impurities.
• Pathogenic organism.
 TANKS ,PONDS AND LAKES
• Prone to contamination.
• Children defecate.
• Older tanks may get vegetation.
 GROUNGD WATER
• Rain water percolating into ground
constitutes ground water is the
cheapest and most practical way of
providing water to small
communities .ground water is safe
then surface water, because the
ground itself act as a good filtration.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF GROUND
WATER
• Free from pathogenic organism.
• Usually requires no treatment.
• Supply is adequate.
• It require pumping or certain
other arrangement to lift water.
 REFERENCES
• DAHAL KABITA,COMMUNITY HEALTH
NURSING, 5TH EDITION, DILLIBAZAR KTM,PAGE
NO: 361-362.
• TUITUI ROSHNI, COMMUNITY HEALTH
NURSING, 2ND EDITION, VIDHYARTHI
PRAKASHAN PTD.LTD, 2063 PAGE NO:304-306.
• WWW. WIKIPEDIA.WATER.Com.