LIDS Smart Urban Infrastructures Workshop

May 11, 2017

IoT: a 5G perspective
Junyi Li

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 5G to meet significantly expanding connectivity needs
Building on the transformation started in 4G LTE

new services
new industries and devices

Empowering
new user experiences

Scalable Uniform Experience Unified

To an extreme variation of Improved user experiences with new Across diverse spectrum types/bands,
requirements ways of connecting services and deployments
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 5G will enhance existing and expand to new use cases
Smart homes/
buildings/cities

New form factors, Autonomous vehicles,

e.g. wearables and sensors object tracking

Mobile broadband, Infrastructure monitoring &

e.g. UHD virtual reality control, e.g. Smart Grid

Demanding indoor/outdoor Remote control & process

conditions, e.g. venues automation, e.g. aviation, robotics

Enhanced Mobile Wide Area Internet of Things Higher-Reliability Control

Broadband More efficient, lower cost communications Lower latency and higher reliability
Faster, more uniform user experiences with deeper coverage

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 Scalable across a broad variation of requirements
Deeper coverage
To reach challenging locations
Lower energy Stronger security
10+ years of battery life e.g. Health / government / financial trusted

Higher reliability
Lower complexity
Wide area Internet <1 out of 100 million packets lost

10s of bits per second of Things

Higher-reliability
Higher density control Lower latency
As low as 1 millisecond
1 million nodes per Km2
Enhanced
Enhanced capacity
10 Tbps per Km2
mobile broadband
Frequent user mobility
Or no mobility at all

Enhanced data rates Better awareness

Multi-Gigabits per second Discovery and optimization
Based on target requirements for the envisioned 5G use cases 4
 Proposed 5G standardization for 2020 launch

5G study items

3GPP RAN workshop R15 5G R16 5G R17+

work items work Items 5G evolution

First 5G 5G
launch1 phase 2

4G evolution—LTE will evolve in parallel with 5G

Note: Estimated commercial dates; 1 Forward compatibility with R16 and beyond 5
 5G mMTC use cases
Optimizing toward the goal to connect anything, anywhere

Smart cities Smart homes Utility metering

Wearables / Fitness Remote sensors / Actuators Object tracking

Lightweight device configuration: simple devices,
e.g. no IMS client, such as electric meter
Variable data size: e.g. video recorder installed at
street corner
Farm machinery and leasing: autonomous driving
Smart wearables: low complexity, high battery life,
high reliability, some high data rates
Sensor networks: smart services in urban,
suburban and rural areas, very low, low rate
Asset tracking: life stock, pets, kids 6
 Evolution path of cellular IoT
4G LTE Rel 13 Rel 14 Rel 15
Rel 12
based Cat 0 (MTC)
Cat M1
(eMTC), Cat
FeMTC Further
enhancement
eNB-IoT
IoT NB1 (NB-IoT) s
5G NR Rel 15 and
Two parallel evolution paths based beyond
mMTC
4G LTE based IoT focusing on: IoT
− Backward compatible design with LTE, eMTC, NB-IoT, including current deployment
− Mainly target 200 kHz and 1.4 MHz
− Possible unlicensed IoT-U
5G NR based IoT (mMTC) focusing on:
− Forward compatible design with 5G eMBB, URLLC
− Clean slate design with new design requirements
− Mainly target 1 MHz and above

Qualcomm Proprietary and Confidential

 Requirements and Key KPI for mMTC
Coverage at 164 dB MCL
− 160 bps: observed at egress/ingress point of the radio protocol stack
Latency:
− No worse than 10s on UL for a 20 byte application packet or 105 bytes PHY
layer
Battery:
− 10-15 years: 200 bytes per day on UL followed by 20 bytes DL, 5 Wh battery,
MCL of 164 dB
Density:
− 1000000 device/km^2 in urban environment
Compatibility with NR eMBB/URLLC

Qualcomm Proprietary and Confidential

Standard Summary for LTE MTC/eMTC/NB-IOT

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 Low-power wake-up receiver

PMIC

Low-power wake-up
receiver

• Wake-up receiver operates while main receiver in deep sleep mode

• Thin downlink control channel to simplify processing at wake-up receiver

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 Non-orthogonal multiple access

Grant-free transmission of small

Downlink remains OFDM-based for
coexistence with other services
data exchanges
• Eliminates signaling overhead for
assigning dedicated resources
• Allows devices to transmit data
asynchronously
• Spread user signal across time and/or frequency
• Capable of supporting full mobility resources:
• Use lower rate channel coding to spread signal across
time/frequency to achieve lower spectral efficiency
• Users’ signals can be recovered simultaneously even in
the presence of mutual interference

Increased battery life Scalability to high device density Better link budget
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 Support for multi-hop mesh with WAN management

Direct access
on licensed
spectrum

Mesh on unlicensed or
partitioned with uplink licensed
spectrum1

Problem: uplink coverage Due to low power devices and challenging placements, e.g. in basement
Solution: managed uplink mesh Uplink data relayed via nearby devices—uplink mesh but direct
downlink.
1 Greater range and efficiency when using licensed spectrum, e.g. protected reference signals . Network time synchronization improves peer-to-peer efficiency 12
 Cellular V2X – a critical sensor for safer driving
Communicating intent and sensor data even in challenging real world conditions
Non line-of-sight all conditions Conveying intent Increased situational
sensing awareness
Provides 360˚ NLOS awareness Communicates intent and share Offers increased electronic horizon
E.g. intersections/on-ramps, sensor data to provide higher level to enable soft safety alerts
environmental conditions of predictability and reliable graduated warning
(rain/fog/snow)

Road hazard Reduced speed ahead

Sudden lane change Queue warning/shockwave damping

Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) Vehicle-to-pedestrian Vehicle-to-infrastructure Vehicle-to-network

e.g. collision avoidance (V2P) (V2I) (V2N)
safety systems e.g. safety alerts e.g. traffic light optimal e.g. real-time traffic / routing,
to pedestrians, bicyclists speed advisory cloud services
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 C-V2X started with R-14; Evolving to support autonomy
Both 802.11p and C-V2X Rel-14 available in 2017, designed to operate in ITS 5.9GHz
2017 2018 2019
802.11p offer basic V2X
services Support autonomy
802.11p currently does C-V2X R16 NR (backward compatible with R14/15)
not have an evolution path
Higher throughput Wideband ranging
Safety Further Safety Enh. and positioning
802.11p/C-V2X R14 (LTE) C-V2X R15 (LTE) Higher reliability Lower latency

Several advantages Higher throughput

compared to 802.11p Disabled
Lower latency vehicle

Sensor sharing simplifying

perception

Bird’s eye view / HD

map updates

Forward collision warning Disabled vehicle after blind curve 14

Cooperative ranging/positioning
Thank you
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