VOLCANO RISK COMMUNICATION THROUGH MUTUAL

UNDERSTANDING AND LOCAL WISDOM: LESSON

LEARNED FROM MERAPI AND KELUD COMMUNITIES,
INDONESIA

Supriyati Andreastuti, Agus Budi Santosa, Ratna Yulianti,

Eko Teguh Paripurno, Sutrisno
BACKGROUND
• Communication (demand on fast, acurate, simple, unbiased,
and understandable information)
• The important of active role of community
• Exploration and implementation of local wisdom
• Method
• Personal approach (leader to leader; leader to community;
internal community members; community to community)
• Dialog
• Understanding and agreement
DEFINITION
• A comprehensive knowledge and develops in a certain ethnicity or culture to
fulfill the life needs in subsistent way in accordance to the existing environment
condition (Sutanto, 2001)
• All forms of knowledge, belief, and understanding or perception, which also
includes customs or norms lead the attitudes of mankind in the life of ecological
community (Keraf, 2002:289).

FORM OF LOCAL WISDOM: all forms of knowledge, belief, understanding, or insight

and custom or ethics that guide human behavior in life in the ecological community
(Keraf, 2002)

SIMILAR REMARKABLE CUSTOM OBSERVED IN MERAPI AND KELUD

(reciprocity and community bonding)
RELATION BETWEEN RESEARCHER, DESICION MAKER AND COMMUNITY

DECISION
RESEARCHER COMMUNITY
MAKER

CVGHM BNPB,
LOCAL GOVERNMENT

Eruption Probability
Recommendation of Evacuation
INSTITUTIONAL SUB-SYSTEM

• Establishment of National BNPB

Disaster Management
Agency (BNPB) and Regional
D. Committee Implementing Agencies
Disaster Management
Agency (BPBD)
• Position, mandate and BPBD (Prov.)
responsibility :
• Committee
D. Committee Implementing Agency
• Implementing Agencies

BPBD (Local)

D. Committee Implementing Agency

 DISASTER COMMITTEE

MINISTRY/AGENCY PROFFESIONAL COMMUNITY

COORD.MIN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT &

CULTURE

MIN. HOME AFFAIR 9 PEOPLE OF PROFFESIONAL

COMMUNITY
MIN. SOCIAL

MIN. PUBLIC WORK & HOUSING

MIN. AGRICULTURE & SPATIAL PLANNING

MIN. HEALTH

MIN. FINACE
MANDATE: Provide technical
MIN. TRANSPORTATION
recommendation related to geological
MIN. OF ENERGY & MINERAL disaster mitigation and early warning
RESOURCES/GEOLOGICAL AGENCY
based on research and monitoring to
METEOROLOGY KLIMATOLOGY &
GEOPHYSICAL AGENCY the BNPB and BPBD
INDONESIA ARMY

INDONESIA POLICE
 DEVELOPMENT OF CAPACITY BUILDING WITHIN COMMUNITY

WAJIB LATIH C
(MANDATORY TRAINING)
PERSONAL O L
Understanding Risk and Procedure M O
APPROACH R L
M E E C
U L
empowering Community & N A A
A
themselves to family I D L
T
help the empowerment E
DIALOGUE T I
community who to anticipate Y
are threathened disaster
O R W
N S
B S I
O H
H S
SISTER/BUFFER VILLAGE N I I
AGREEMENT D P P D
Facilitate effective evacuation
and fulfillment of evacuee needs I O
N M
H
VOLCANO COMMUNITY PREPAREDNESS

Activation of Contingency
LEVEL IV (WARNING)
Plan
Risk Evacuation Drill LEVEL III (WATCH)
Mapping
and
Simulation (TTX)
Evaluation
LEVEL II (ADVISORY)
Formulation of Contingency
Plan

Socialization LEVEL I (NORMAL)

Participation, Empowerment, DISASTER MITIGATION
Network Improvement PLAN
 METHODS
ACTIVE PARTICIPATION
(Penjelasan : menggambarkan perubahan peran dari fasilitator/atas
dengan anggota masyarakat/bawah)
Kearah kanan peran fasilitator berkurang, sebaliknya
peran masyarakat semakin kuat ke kanan dan mengarah pada munculnya local leader)

Local leader

PROBLEM ROOT CAUSE SOLUTION

IDENTIFICATION ANALYSES
 LIVING IN HARMONY

LEADERSHIP

Relationship
DIVERSITY AWARENESS

THE NEEDS OF PROTECTION

LOCAL WISDOM
AND SAFETY
BUFFER VILLAGE
SISTER VILLAGE:
Villages around the volcano,
Villages around the
located outside hazard zones
volcano, located outside
that have capacity to accept RISK MAP hazard zones that have
evacuees when nescessary CONTINGENCY PLAN cooperation with other
MANDATORY SOP villages those are threaten
TRAINING by hazard to accept
(WAJIB evacuees
Formalised LATIH) Formalised

EVACUATION
PROBLEM EVACUATION PROCEDURE
EVACUATION PROCEDURE
FINAL EVACUATION PLACE FINAL EVACUATION PLACE
SAFETY PLACE SAFETY PLACE

BUFFER SISTER
VILLAGE VILLAGE

Provide community needs

 CHARACTER OF SISTER VILLAGE/
BUFFER VILLAGE OF MERAPI AND KELUD

1. The concept come from the society (bottom up)

2. Based on reciprocity and community bonding
3. Meet the community needs
4. The approach to sister village/buffer village is done
by village leader and community leader
THE MOST FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTION
IN HIGH CAPACITY OF COMMUNITY

HAZARD MAP
• WHAT IS THE EXTENT OF HAZARD IMPACT?
• WHY ARE WE IN HAZARD ZONE AREA?
• WHAT ARE THE LIMIT OF HAZARD ZONE AREAS?

POLICY AND REGULATION

• COMPARISON ON POLICY, REGULATION AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION
• EVALUATION ON RISK AND BENEFIT