Mobile IP

순천향대학교 정보기술공학부
이상정
 oIP 특론
2003-1-V

References
 T
utorial: Mobile IP
http://www.computer.org/internet/v2n1/perkins.htm?SMSESSIO
N=NO
 Mobile IP
http://www.acm.org/crossroads/xrds7-2/mobileip.html
 How Mobile IP Works1.ppt
http://www.mnlab.cs.depaul.edu/seminar/spr2002/MobileIP
.pdf
 mobile IP and TCP
http://distcomp.ethz.ch/lectures/mobicomp/lecture/8/Chapte
r8MobileIPandTCP4Slides.pdf

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 oIP 특론
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Motivation for the Mobile IP design

1. Amobile node has to change its IP address
whenever it changes its point of attachment,
so that packets destined to the node are
routed correctly
2. o
T maintain existing TCP connections, the
mobile node has to keep its IP address the
same.

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 oIP 특론
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Requirements to Mobile IP (RFC 2002)

 Compatibility
• support of the same layer 2 protocols as IP
• no changes to current end-systems and routers required
• mobile end-systems can communicate with fixed systems
 T
ransparency
• mobile end-systems keep their IP address
• continuation of communication after interruption of link possible
• point of connection to the fixed network can be changed
 Efficiency and scalability
• only little additional messages to the mobile system required
(connection typically via a low bandwidth radio link)
• world-wide support of a large number of mobile systems
 Security
• authentication of all registration messages

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 oIP 특론
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erminology
T
 Mobile Node (MN)
• system (node) that can change the point of connection to the
network without changing its IP address
 HomeAgent (HA)
• system in the home network of the MN, typically a router
• registers the location of the MN, tunnels IP datagrams to the COA
 ForeignAgent (F A)
• system in the current foreign network of the MN, typically a router
• typically the default router for the MN
 Care-ofAddress (COA)
• address of the current tunnel end-point for the MN (at FAor MN)
• actual location of the MN from an IP point of view
• can be chosen, e.g., via DHCP
 Correspondent Node (CN)

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Mobility Binding
 The home agent maintains the mobility binding
in a mobility binding table

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Mobility Binding
 The foreign agent maintains a visitor list

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Agent Discovery
 HAand F
Aperiodically send Advertisement
messages into their
 MN listens to these messages and detects, if it
is in the home or a foreign network
• If MN does not wish to wait for the periodic
advertisement, it can send out Agent Solicitation
messages that will be responded by HAor FS
 MN reads a COAfrom the F
Aadvertisement
messages

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Registration
 MN signals COA to the HA via the FA, HA
acknowledges via FA to MN
• these actions have to be secured by authentication

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IP-in-IP Encapsulation

 Mandatory in
RFC 2003
 Tunneling
between HA and
COA

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IP-in-IP Encapsulation

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Triangular Routing

 Sender sends all

packets via HA to MN
 Higher latency and
network load

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 oIP 특론
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Change of FA
 Packets on-the-fly during the change can be
lost
 New FA informs old FA to avoid packet loss,
old FA now forwards
 Remaining packets to new FA
 This information also enables the old FA to
release resources for the MN

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Data transfer from the mobile system

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Reverse tunneling (RFC 2344)

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 oIP 특론
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Mobile IPv6
 Mobility support in IPv6 solves many of the
problems of basic Mobile IP
 Some advantages of Mobile IPv6 over Mobile
IPv4
• Route Optimization is built as a fundamental part of
Mobile IPv6
• ForeignAgents are not needed in Mobile IPv6. The
enhanced features of IPv6 like Neighbour Discovery
andAddressAutoconfiguration enable mobile nodes to
function in any location without the services of any
special router in that location.

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