Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Lev Vygotsky
1. Places more emphasis on culture
affecting cognitive development
2. Places considerably more
emphasis on social factors
contributing to cognitive
development.
3. Places more (and different)
emphasis on the role of language
in cognitive development.
November 17, 1896 -
June 11, 1934
https://www.simplypsychology.org/vygotsky.html
Lev Vygotsky
1. Cognitive development varies across
cultures
2. The environment in which children
grow up will influence how they
think and what they think about
3. Cognitive development results from
an internalization of language
Jean Piaget
1896 - 1980
https://www.simplypsychology.org/piaget.html
http://www.piaget.org/aboutPiaget.html#bio
Jerome Bruner
Bruner believed that important outcomes of learning include not just
the concepts, categories, and problem-solving procedures invented
previously by the culture, but also the ability to “invent” these things for
oneself.
https://www.simplypsychology.org/bruner.html
Jerome Bruner
Enactive Representation - encoding action based information and
storing it in our memory (muscle memory)
● David Kolb designed a learning theory that works on two levels: one as a four step cycle, and one that works as four different
learning styles.
1849-1936
http://classicalconditioning9.wikispaces.com/Classical+Conditioning & https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Pavlov
Ivan Pavlov
● Conditioned reflex
● He would sound a tone just before presenting dogs with food, conditioning
them to begin salivating every time he sounded the tone
● Classical Conditioning involves learning to associate an unconditioned
stimulus that already brings about a particular response with a new stimulus,
so that the new stimulus brings about the same response.
● Critique: He would have to insert a saliva catch container surgically.
Something not advertized is that he also used children in his studies.
http://acidrayn.com/2012/07/26/the-truth-behind-pavlovs-conditioning-experiments/
B.F Skinner
1904-1990
Skinner’s Theory of operant conditioning says that the idea of
behavior is determined by its consequences, be they reinforcements
or punishments, which will keep kids from getting in trouble less
often.
Which means that people will punish their children for their wrong
behavior and give treats for their right behavior.So that if their good
or bad they will know to act appropriately in a good behavioral
manner and not a bad one.
B.F Skinner Theory
https://www.simplypsychology.org/operant-conditioning.html