Cisco Systems Network

Academy
S2 C10
IP Addresses
 TCP/IP Addressing
• Unique addressing allows communication
between end stations
• Path choice is based on location
• Location is represented by an address
– Ping and Trace used to verify IP address
configuration
 Host Addressing
• Each device of interface must have a host
number that does not have all 0s in the host
field
• Host address of all 1s is reserved for IP
broadcast into that network
• Host value of 0 means the network or the
wire
 IP Address & Subnets
• Enable system to process receipt and
transmission of packets
• Specify device’s local address
• Specify a range of addresses that share the
same wire
 Broadcast Transmission
• Single data packet sent into the network
• Copied to every network node
• All 1s in Host portion of address
• Directed
– All 1s in host portion of address
• Flooded
– 255.255.255.255 not propagated but are
considered local broadcasts
 Lab Activity
• Design a 5-router network topology
• Design an IP addressing scheme
 IP Address Command
• Establishes the logical network address of
an interface
• Term IP netmask-format
– Specifies format of network mask
• Bit count
• Dotted-decimal (default)
• hexadecimal
 IP Host Command
• Router (config) # ip host name vkp 1.0.0.5
– Defines static host name to IP address mapping
• Name – any name you prefer
• Port number – TCP port to use ; default is port 23
• Address – IP address where device can be reached
• Ip host vkp 1.0.0.1 2.0.0.3
– Defines two network addresses for vkp
• IP host gin 1.0.0.2
– Defines gin as name equivalent for ip 1.0.0.2
 IP Name Server
• Defines which hosts can provide the name
service – can specify six IP addresses as
name servers in a single command
• Identify host names, specify name server
and enable DNS
– When O/S receives a host name it does not
recognize, it refers to DNS for IP address
 Enable DNS
• Router (config) # IP domain-lookup
– DNS enabled by default
• Router (config) # No IP domain-lookup
– Turns off name device1
 Show Hosts
• Displays a cached list of host names and addresses
– Gin flags Age IP 144.222.100.20
• Can have several addresses
• Flags denote permissions, etc. & how info learned
• OK means entry is current
• Age is time since last refereed to
• Type is protocol field IP or IPX or DECNET
• Address is logical address
• Temp means entry received from DNS use
 Verifying Addresses
• Telnet
– Verifies application layer software between source &
destination stations – most complete testing mechanism
• Ping
– Uses ICMP protocol to verify connection and logical
address – basic testing mechanism
• Trace
– Uses TTL values to generate messages from each router
along the path – can locate failures in the source to
destination path
 PING
• When you can Ping but not telnet you know the
problem lies in upper-layer functionality
– Reboot and try to telnet again
• Ping sends ICMP echo packets – supported in
privileged and user Exec moes
– ! Success I ping interrupted C+S+6
– . Time out ? Packet type unknown
– U unreachable & Packet TTL exceeded
– C congestion
 Trace
• Trace is supported by IP, CLNS, Vines, and
AppleTalk
– * indicates destination reached
– !H probe received but not forwarded
– P protocol unreachable
– N Network unreachable
– U Port unreachable
– * time out
 Challenge Lab
• Class B IP address
• Subnet for several networks and 5 routers
• Develop addressing scheme
• Make a network diagram