Abdomen Injury

‫פגיעות בטן‬
 Abdomen Anatomy
• Abdomen Boundaries:
Upper Border: Diaphragm
Lower Border: Pelvis muscles
Front: Abdominal Muscles
Back: Spine and Spinal Muscles

• Organ Systems of the Abdomen:

Reproduction
Digestion
Urinary (Renal)

All of these systems use vast amounts of blood and

vessels.
 Organs in the Abdomen
• Liver – Mainly filters toxins.
• Spleen – Finds, dissolves and recycles old red cells.
• Pancreas – Gland that secretes insulin.
• Gall bladder – Secretes bile to aid digestion.

The Digestive system:

Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
Duodenum
Ileum
Appendix
Large intestine
Rectum and Anal Sphincters
 So our point is…
• Many of our organs are located in the
abdomen and most of them are important,
gentle and unprotected.
 Abdomen 4/4
• To make it easier, the
abdomen is divided into
4 quarters.
• The vertical line is the
continuation of the sternum to
the pubic bone.
• The horizontal line goes through
the umbilicus.
 Types of Organs
• Hollow organs are digestive system
organs and when injured can lead to
infection.

• Solid organs are organs that are filled with

blood. If these organs are damaged, they
can lead to hypovolemic shock.
 Causes for Abdominal Injury
• A direct blunt or penetrating injury
• Fractures in the Pelvis or lower ribs
• A blast or sudden change of speed
 Signs
• Scene story
• Posture
• Signs of shock (that do not fit with external bleeding)
• Hematomas and other abnormalities on the
abdomen
• Abdominal pain and sensitivity
• Specific signs of abdominal injuries:
Bloody vomit (digested or not)
Bloody urine (pink or red)
Bloody stool (black or red)
 Dangers
• In the first few hours, the main danger of
an abdominal injury is death because of
blood loss and organ damage.
• The spread of an infectious substance or
impact to the kidneys may cause death at
a later stage.
• Remember - No visible signs does not
mean that there is no abdominal injury!
 Treatment
• PHTLS
• O2
• Backboard and neck brace
• Rapid evacuation
• Moist the organs with sterile solution
Note: IV fluid administration should not delay
evacuation!
 The “Do NOT Do” list
• Do not let them eat or drink something
• Do not remove or move anything stuck in the
abdomen ( Stabilize the object )
• Do not put anything back in ( Wet bandage )
 Remember…
• Shock signs on a patient with no visible
cause or wound – Suspect abdominal
injury!
• Every injury to the abdomen is suspected
as infected or bleeding until proven
otherwise!