early. Then he works from 6:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. After work, he goes home. He plays with his little boy in the afternoon. He helps his wife. They do chores. Sometimes they go shopping or run errands. They usually have dinner at home. In the evening, Karl puts his son to bed. Then he finally has free time. He and his wife often watch a movie. Answers these questions • 3. What word means “small jobs at home”? ____________________ • 4. What word means “short trips for shopping or other business”? • 5. Write the simple present verbs that the writer uses. • a. They_____________ chores. • b. Sometimes they_____________ shopping or • _____________ errands. • c. They usually_____________ dinner at home. • d. In the evening, Karl_____________ his son to bed. • e. Then he finally_____________ free time. Manal’s Favourite Day
• Saturday is Manal favourite day. She always
sleeps late in the morning. She sometimes gets up at noon. Then she usually meets her friends in the dining hall. In the afternoon, they spend time outside or go shopping. It depends on the weather. On Saturday evenings, she likes to dress up and go out. She and her friends often go to the movies or to a party. Manal loves Saturdays. • 3. Talk about what you think this sentence means in the paragraph: It depends on the weather. • 4. What two-word phrase means “put on nice clothes”? • Write the adverbs of frequency that the writer uses. • a. She ----------------------sleeps late in the morning. • b.She--------------------- gets up at noon. • c. Then she ----- meets her friends in the dining hall. • d. She and her friends ---------------go to the movies or to a party. chronological order • It is a way of organized information. It means writing about events in the order in which they happen. Start with the first or earliest event, and then tell what happens after that. • Time-order words : First, Next, Then After that, Later, Finally, • These words go at the beginning of sentences. A comma follows each one except Then. Underline the six time-order words in this paragraph. • Ahmed and Sara have a daily routine at their bookstore. They always get to the store at 8:30 a .m . First. Ahmed unlocks the door and turns on the lights. Next, he turns on the coffeemaker, and Sara starts up the computer. Then they put new books on the shelves and in the store window. After that, they open for business. Ahmed begins working with customers in the store, and Sara works on the computer. Later, they change places. They clean the store together at the end of the day. Finally, they close up and go home. After Finally First Later Next Then
• Sunday is a relaxing day for George. He gets up at
9:30 or 10:00 in • the morning. (1) First he takes a shower. (2)________ , he has breakfast. (3)________ he reads the newspaper. (4)_________ that,he washes his car. In the afternoon, he watches his favorite TV show, Sports World. (5)________ , he orders pizza for supper. In the evening, he calls his mother and his brothers. (6)________ , he gets into bed and reads. Simple Sentence Patterns I • English language has many kind of sentence structure • 1- simple sentences. A simple sentence has one subject-verb combination. : • 1 subject + 1 verb I like dogs • 1 subject + 1 verb Dogs are nice animal . • 2 subjects + 1 verb Mona and Ahmed like dogs. • 2 subjects + 1 verb Dogs and cats are pet animals. • The two subjects go wit the same verb, so there is one subject-verb combination. • Use (Someone) and I as a subject. Do not use Me and (someone) as a subject. • Selma and I go to Cairo. • NOT: Me and Selma play tennis. Underline the verbs and write V above them. Circle the subjects and write S above them. • 1 .(Red and blue)are my favourite colours. • 2. The sky and the ocean are blue. • 3. The colour blue seems peaceful. • 4. Both men and women usually like blue. • 5. Red is a strong and exciting colour. • 6. In China, red means “happiness.” • 7. Red and blue are two of the primary colours. • 8. The other primary colour is yellow. • 9. The secondary colours are orange, green, and purple. • 10. Rainbows have all the primary and secondary colors. The Meanings o f Adverbs of Frequency Position o f Adverbs o f Frequency in Affirmative Statements • 1. In most affirmative statements: Put the adverb after the subject and before the verb. • I always go to school by bus • Randa never eats Moleyata • 2 In statements with be’ Put the adverb after be. • She is often late • We are usually spent summer in Spain • Sometimes come at the beginning or at the end of an affirmative • statement. • Sometimes we sleep late • We sometimes sleep late • We sleep late sometimes. Add the adverb of frequency in parentheses to the affirmative statement. • 1. (often) Schools^close on holidays. • 2. (never) Some people celebrate the new year on January 1. • 3. (usually) Mother’s Day is a popular holiday. • 4. (always) The dates of some holidays change, depending on the moon. • 5. (usually) People think of Valentine’s Day as a day for people in love. • 6. (always) Valentine's Day is on February 14. • 7. (often) Workers have a holiday in their honour. • 8. (never) Some women work on International Women’s Day. Rewrite each statement three times. Add sometimes in the three different positions. • 1. My family has a special holiday meal. • 2. Stores are closed on holidays. Position of Adverbs o f Frequency in Negative Statements • always, usually, and often come after not. • He does not always go to cinema • They are not usually sad • 2. sometimes at the beginning of the statement. • Sometimes he does not like to be ignored • 3. Do not use not with never Rewrite each negative statement. Add the adverb in parentheses. Remember:. • Example: I am not at home on New Year’s Eve. (never) • I am never at home on New Year's Eve. • 1. People in different countries do not have the same holidays, (always) • 2. Halloween is not an important holiday outside the United States, (usually) • 3. Father’s Day is not on a weekday in the United States, (never) • 4. Some businesses do not close on holidays, (never) • 5. For example, airports do not close on holidays, (often) • 6. People do not celebrate every holiday in the same way. (usually) • 7. In some countries, birthdays are not special days, (usually) • 8 .1 do not forget my birthday, (never) Common verbs • Have , make , do and get (people often use them) • Have : have (a family member), have money have fun, have a party, have a baby, have breakfast and have time • do homework, do the dishes, do laundry, do chores • make coffee, make a sandwich, make dinner make a phone call make a mistake, make an appointment • get sick, get hungry, get tired, get married get (something) at the store get to (a place) Using Prepositions to Show Time • Prepositions are usually small words, such as in, at, by, and with. A preposition and a noun form a prepositional phrase. Prepositional phrases have many uses. For example, they can be time expressions. Time expressions tell when something happens. • A time expression can go at the beginning or at the end of a sentence. Put a comma after a time expression at the beginning of a sentence. Rules • 1. Use on + a day or days. • Do we have class on Friday? • They see each other on weekends. • 2. Use in + a part of the day. Exception: Use at + night. • Call me in the morning. • He gets home late at night. • 3. Use at + a time. • He starts work at 8:30 a .m . • Lunch is at noon. • 4. Use from + a starting point + to + the end point. • From 7:00 to 10:00 p.m., he studies. • The course runs from January to May. • Complete the sentences. Use in, on, at, from, or to to show time. • 1. Do you dream_______ night? • 2. The movie runs_______ 7:00 p.m . ________ 8:50 p.m . • 3. We have class_______Tuesdays and Thursdays. • 4. What do you d o _______the evening? • 5. The train leaves_______4:35 p.m . • 6 .1 usually have a snack_____the afternoon. • 7. The office is open only_______weekdays. • 8. The school year goes_______ September________June. • A title is the name of a book, a song, a story, Paper or a movie. Titles are not usually sentences. They are usually just a few words. A title can be one word, such as Titanic or Desertification Title in Scientific paper • Tip 1: Keep it simple, brief and attractive. • The function of a title is to provide a precise summary of the paper’s content. So keep the title brief and clear and too general or specific. Use active verbs instead of complex noun-based phrases, and avoid unnecessary details. Moreover, a good title for a research paper is typically around 10 to 12 words long. • The title is not a sentence and hence the verb is often unnecessary. Although, like sentence it start with capital letter , but it is not ended with period. Who should be author • Authorship credit should be based only on (1) substantial contributions to conception and design, or acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data; • (2) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content; • and (3) final approval of the version to be published. • Conditions 1, 2, and 3 must all be met. • Acquisition of funding, the collection of data, or general supervision of the research group, by themselves, do not justify authorship. Authors orders • The order of the names in the list of authors sometimes creates problems. The first author is a person whose contribution to the experiments has been most crucial. The case that two authors have had identical contribution can be shown: Author A* and author B* in which * refers to footnote “*equal contribution.” • The last author usually is the leader of the research group proving that he/she has essentially contributed to the experiments or preparation of the manuscript. Habits of mind • You have four area of your life • The academic arena, that is, school. • The professional arena, your career, your job. • The civic arena. Civic means getting involved with your community, • and the personal arena of life, which usually has to do with yourself, your friends, and your family. • Habits of mind refers to ways of approaching learning that are both intellectual and practical and that will support students’ success in a variety of fields and disciplines Curiosity • The desire to know more about the world • When all of us are kids , we were very curious creatures. • And we would ask our caregivers endless questions. • Why? Why does this happen? Who does this? What is that? • And we learned a lot as a result of our enormous curiosity. • Unfortunately, when some people get a little older, • by the time they get to college courses, they sometimes have lost that curiosity, • Be curious about everything in the world. Openness • The willingness to consider new ways of being and thinking in the world. • Openness means being open to new ideas, being open to people and their ideas. • Listen to others even if you don’t agree with them. • Accept new ideas and don’t keep your knowledge to what you are already know Engagement • a sense of investment and involvement in learning. • It is holds true for other arenas of life. • To be successful in your job, you need to be engaged. • To be successful in the civic arena of life, you need to be engaged. • And you need to be engaged with the people in your personal life, as well. Creativity – • The ability to use novel approaches for generating, investigating, and representing ideas. • A new way of solving an old problem. • Now, I've never tried this way before, but you know what? If some one suggest it be open try it, think of new ways of solving old problems. Persistence • The ability to sustain interest in and attention to short and long-term projects. • Persistence is related to engagement and means sticking with something. Responsibility • The ability to take ownership of one’s actions and understand the consequences of those actions for oneself and others • Responsibility in any arena of life is crucial. • It means if you are successful at something, don't be afraid about taking credit for it, but if you mess up, if you are unsuccessful, take responsibility for that, too. • Acknowledge when you've done something that you're not proud of, • acknowledge when you've done something that's not as good as you want it to be. • Acknowledge that you could do better next time, and then follow through and be better next time. Flexibility – • The ability to adapt to situations, expectations, or demands. • It is , relates to openness and creativity. • Flexibility means if you've always tried to do something the same way, but you're finding that maybe it's not as effective as you thought it should be. • , try a new way of doing it. Ask other people how to do it And then give it a try. Metacognition • theability to reflect on one’s own thinking as well as on the individual and cultural processes used to structure knowledge.
The Analysis of Proficient Learners' Metacognitive Reading Strategies A Case Study of EFL Learners at English Language Studies Program of Hasanuddin University
International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology