BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY

Presented by:

ISRAEL R. ASINAS
MAT-English
 PHILOSOPHY
Philosophy is the study of
general and fundamental
problems, such as those
connected with reality,
existence, knowledge, values,
reason, mind and language.
 EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY
An educational philosophy is a
personal statement of a teacher's
guiding principles about "big picture"
education-related issues, such as how
student learning and potential are
most effectively maximized, as well as
the role of educators in the classroom,
school, community, and society.
 BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY
Philosophy is a complex field that has
many different areas of thought. There
are three branches focus on a
different aspect and is central to your
teaching.
 BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY
METAPHYSICS

- What is the nature of REALITY?

EPISTEMOLOGY

- What is the nature of KNOWLEDGE?

AXIOLOGY

- What is the nature of VALUES?

 PHILOSOPHICAL BRANCHES
PHILOSOPHY

METAPHYSICS EPISTEMOLOGY AXIOLOGY

ONTOLOGY LOGIC ETHICS

Deductive Inductive
COSMOLOGY AESTHETICS
 METAPHYSICS
Metaphysics:

What is the nature of REALITY?

METAPHYSICS
 METAPHYSICS
• Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy
responsible for the study of existence.
• It answers the question "What is?" It
encompasses everything that exists, as
well as the nature of existence itself.
• It says whether the world is real, or merely
an illusion.
 IMPORTANCE OF METAPHYSICS
• Metaphysics is the foundation of
philosophy.
• Without an explanation or an interpretation
of the world around us, we would be
helpless to deal with reality.
• Without this firm foundation, all knowledge
becomes suspect.
 METAPHYSICS

–Do you think human beings are

basically good or evil?
–What are conservative or liberal
beliefs?
 METAPHYSICS
–Ontology
What issues are related to nature, existence, or
being? Is a child inherently evil or good? How might
your view determine your classroom management?
–Cosmology
What is the nature and origin of the cosmos or
universe? Is the world and universe orderly or is it
marked by chaos? What would one or the other
mean for a classroom?
 EPISTEMOLOGY
Metaphysics:

What is the nature of knowledge?

How do we come to know?
EPISTEMOLOGY
 EPISTEMOLOGY
• Investigation into the grounds and
nature of knowledge itself
• It focuses on:
– our means for acquiring knowledge
– and how we can differentiate between
truth and falsehood.
 EPISTEMOLOGY
Questions Asked in Epistemology:
•What can we know?
•How can we know it?
•Why do we know some things, but not others?
•How do we acquire knowledge?
•Is knowledge possible?
•Can knowledge be certain?
•How can we differentiate truth and falsehood?
•Why do we believe certain claims and not others?
 EPISTEMOLOGY
–How would an anthropologist look
at this classroom? A political
scientist? A biologist?
–How do we know what a child
knows?
 EPISTEMOLOGY
–Deductive: reasoning from the general to
the particular All children can learn. Bret is a
fifth grader. He has a learning disability. Can Bret
learn?
–Inductive: reasoning from the specific to
the general. After experimenting with plant
growth under varied conditions, students
conclude plants need water and light
 AXIOLOGY
Axiology:

What values should one live by?

AXIOLOGY
 AXIOLOGY
–Is morality defined by our
actions, or by what is in our
hearts?
–What values should be taught
in character education?
 AXIOLOGY
–Ethics
What is good and evil, right and wrong?
Is it ever right to take something that does not
belong to you?
–Aesthetics
What is beautiful?
How do we recognize a great piece of music?
Art?
Can there be beauty in destruction?
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING.
ISRAEL R. ASINAS
MAT-English