REPORTED BY: ELAIZA RECCA L.

BALASBAS
 Paving and Surface Treatment
Paving and surface treatments are used to:

– Provide a roadway wearing surface

– Protect the underlying material from moisture

Two types of pavements:

– Asphalt pavements (flexible pavements)

– Concrete pavements (rigid pavements)

Surface treatments:

-applying liquid asphalt or some other bituminous

material to a roadway surface
 The Bituminous Distributor

Used to apply liquid bituminous materials

• Utilized in almost all types of bituminous
construction
• Rate of application (liters per square
meter) depends on:
–Spray bar length (1.2 m to 7.3 m)
–Travel speed (meters per minute)
–Pump output (liter per minute)
• Pump output is measured by a pump
tachometer in liter per minute
 Bituminous Surface Treatments

• Bituminous surface treatments are used to:

– Bond old and new surfaces or
– Seal and revive old pavements or
– Provide fresh waterproofing and wearing surface

A wide variety of surface treatments are available:

– Prime coats
– Tack coats
– Dust palliatives
– Seal coats
– Single-pass surface treatments
– Multiple-pass surface treatments
PRIME COAT : A coating of light bituminous material applied to a porous
unpaved surface.
TACK COAT : Thin coating of light bituminous material applied to
previously paved surface to act as a bonding agent.
DUST PALLIATIVE : A substance applied to an unpaved surface to reduce
the amount of dust produced by vehicular traffic and wind.
SEAL COATS
• Fog seal: A light application of a slow-setting asphalt emulsion
diluted by 1 to 3 parts of water
• Emulsion slurry seal: Composed of a mixture of slow-setting asphalt
emulsion, fine aggregate, mineral filler, and water
• Sand seal: Composed of a light application of a medium-viscosity
liquid asphalt covered with fine aggregates
SINGLE- AND MULTIPLE PASS SURFACE TREATMENTS
• Sometimes called aggregate surface treatments
• Made up of alternate applications of asphalt and aggregate
• Used to waterproof a roadway and to provide improved wearing
surface
Hot-mix asphalt (HMA) pavement:
• Hot-mix paving operations include:
– Delivery of the asphalt mix
– Spreading of the mix
– Compacting the mix

ASPHALT PAVER
The primary purpose of the paver is to place the hot mix asphalt to the desired
width, grade, cross slope, and thickness and to produce a uniform mat texture.
The paver should also be able to place the HMA in a manner that results in
improved rid ability and smoothness of the roadway
• The paver consists of two primary parts:
– The tractor unit, and
– The screed unit
TRACTOR UNIT
–Provides the motive power to the paver
–Pushes the haul truck in front of the paver during the unloading process
– receive the asphalt mixture directly from the haul trucks, carry it through
the machine back to the augers, and then distribute it across the width of the
screed
The tractor unit has the following major components:
– The truck push rollers
– Material feed system consisting of:
• mix-receiving hopper
• slat conveyors
• material flow gates (usually)
• a pair of augers

SCREED UNIT
– Towed by the tractor unit
– Attached to the tractor unit at only one point on each side of the paver and
“floats” on the HMA.
– provides the initial texture and compaction to the HMA as it passes out from
under the unit
– Establishes the thickness of the asphalt layer
 ASPHALT PAVEMENT COMPACTION

Compaction is the process by which the asphalt mix is compressed and reduced
in volume
• Compaction is the most important factor in the performance of a hot mix
asphalt pavement
• Adequate compaction of the mix
– Increases fatigue life
– Decreases permanent deformation (rutting)
– Reduces oxidation or aging
– Decreases moisture damage
– Increases strength and stability
– Decreases low temperature cracking.

STEEL WHEEL ROLLER PNEUMATIC TIRE ROLLER

 PAVEMENT REPAIR AND REHABILITATION

4R CONSTRUCTION
Resurfacing: involve surface treatments or overlays of asphalt or
concrete –

Restoration: any work required to return the highway to an acceptable

condition. May require strengthening subgrade or base courses by soil
stabilization or drainage improvements

Rehabilitation: same as restoration

Reconstruction: complete removal of the old pavement structure and

construction of a new pavement