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Community Preparedness

Disaster and Terrorism


Objectives

• Identify disaster types


• Explain disaster planning
• Understand nursing participation
• Promote increased competency
levels
• Know the differences between
• Biologic, chemical and radiologic
agents
• Describe the public response
Disaster types

• Natural
• Accidental
• Terrorism
Disaster timelines

• Preimpact
• Impact
• Postimpact
Disaster planning

• Disaster management
• Preparedness
• Risk/vulnerabilities
• Drills
• Mitigation
• Take action to prevent
• Response
• NIMS – national incident
management system
• ICS – Incident command system
• Recovery
• Evaluation
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=pzH-7k035sM
Nursing roles

• Public health
• First responders
• EOP

• Just in time training


• Roles
• Assess needs
• Disease prevention
• Maintain communication
• Distribution centers
• Triage
• Manage behavioral stress
• Health and safety
• Document

• Point of distribution
• FEMA
Skill building

• Field triage
• Red – critical
• Yellow – urgent
• Green – delayed
• Black – expectant
• PPE
• Levels A through D
• Drills
• Corrects weaknesses
• Improves skills
Bioterrorism

• Intentional release of infectious


disease, bacteria, or other toxins
• Three categories A, B, C
• Many examples of each
• Clues
• Presentation and timeline
• Cluster of unexplained illness
• Multiple locations
• Severe disease with high mortality
• Unusual for age, region, season
• Animals
• Bioterrosim drill
Chemical

• Intentional or accidental • Nurse role – act quickly!


• Non-living toxins • PPE a must
• Evacuate and quarantine
• OSHA • ABC
• Persistence – potent time • Remove contaminated clothing
• Keep victim sitting
• Immediate effect
• Or elevate torso
• Exposure • Transport to hospital
• Respiratory
• GI tract
• Integumentary
Radiologic

• Intentional or accidental • Roles of nurse


• Energy • PPE is a must
• Notify HAZMAT
• Health outcomes • Evacuate
• Dose • Distance
• Type • Shielding
• Route • Decontaminate
• Time • Radioactive
• Physical injury trumps exposure
Public response

• Scope and magnitude • Do


• Agency response • Plan
• First 24 is critical • Respond
• Number of victims • Emphasize
• Triage, transport • Anticipatory guidance
• Medical and mental health • Reassure
• P&P • Acknowledge fears
• EOP • Assign tasks
• PPE • Don’t
• Assessment is ongoing
• Assume it won’t happen
• Communication • Allow your role to be defined by
someone else
• Recover • Talk down
• Over assure
Nurses in disasters

• Do disasters affect hospitals


• Hurricane Sandy
• Jeopardy • http://www.superteachertools
.us/jeopardyx/jeopardy-
review-
game.php?gamefile=2476934#.
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