UMTS UL&DL Capacity Improvement Solution - V1R2.0

2018/7/29 Security Level:
UL&DL Capacity Improvement Solution：
UL&DL Capacity
Improvement Solution
Zhang Guoqiu 00136039 www.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

Background
As MBB network developing, the increasing requirement for mobile bandwidth, the
capacity of wireless network, especially the radio capacity (user/cell throughput)
become the bottleneck. How to provide more big pipe capacity with limited resource, it is
question of all operators and device vender.
The influence factors for uplink throughput including RTWP, coverage, cell maximum
equivalent user number, HSUPA user number, CE, IUB bandwidth...
The influence factors for downlink throughput including TCP, BLER, HSDPA user number,
CE, IUB bandwidth...
UL&DL capacity improvement service evaluate the network with tools quickly, discover
network bottleneck in time, dig out the potential sale chance, improve customer satisfaction.

Capacity Optimization Structure Optimization
Application Value
1.Add text in here Scenario Find out network bottleneck,
Limited
capacity
UL Radio
Low throughput, improve user and cell throughput,

2.Add text in here
poor user experience; improve user experience and TVO.
3.Add text in here
Improve network competition.
Through professional tool,

give out all the limited
Limited
Capacity
UL Device
1.Add text in here

scenarios, than choose
2.Add text in here reasonable
3.Add text in here solution(Parameter/Featu
UL Device re/Expansion)
Capacity
Limited
Operation
DL Device
Solution
Limited
Capacity
DL Radio
1.Add text in here UL Radio Capacity

2.Add text in here capacity Limited RNC Script
Limited DL Radio
3.Add text in here
Capacity RNC Counter
Limited
NODEB Counter
1.Add text in here NODEB License

Limited
Capacity
DL Device
2.Add text in here ……

3.Add text in here
……
Scenario Output Tool Analysis Log Collection

Uplink Scenarios
Uplink throughput is easy to be limited by radio resource, at the same time, device resource
limited will also influent user throughput. Radio resource
and device resource are relatively independent in uplink capacity optimization :
Radio resource Limited

 System interference limited
 Target Load Limited
 UE Coverage Limited
Device resource Limited

 Equivalent user number limited
 HSUPA user number limited
 Admission CE Limited
 Physical CE Limited
 IUB admission bandwidth Limited
 IUB physical bandwidth Limited
 IUB QOS Limited
 NODEB CPU/DSP Limited

UL Radio Optimization Whole Scenario
Capacity Solution
Scenario Sub-Scenario Optional Solution Version
Limit Property
RF Troubleshooting troubleshooting ALL
system transient background noise anti-interference scheduling for HSUPA Feature R13
interference Limit
optimize background Noise parameter ALL
stable background noise
automatically background noise update parameter ALL
increase UL ROT parameter ALL
multi-carrier expansion expansion ALL
newsite expansion expansion ALL
4RX Diversity function ALL
Independent demodulation of signals from multiple RRUs in one cell Feature R13
LDR based uplink radio load parameter ALL
LDB Between multi-carrier parameter ALL
CCPIC Feature R10
High R99 Load
Optimization of R99 and HSUPA user fairness feature R13
CQI feedback period optimization parameter ALL
High HS-DPCCH Load traffic-based activation and deactivation of the supplementary carrier in multi-
Feature R13
carrier
HSUPA PO Optimization parameter ALL
adaptive configuration of traffic channel power offset for HSUPA Feature R13
Radio Capacity Target Load
IC Feature R12
Limit Limit
HSUPA adaptive transmission Feature R12
2ms/10ms TTI switch based on RTWP parameter R12
High HSUPA Load
Dual-threshold scheduling with HSUPA IC Feature R13
FDE Feature R12
L2+ parameter R13
16QAM/E-DPCCH Boosting parameter R13
CPC DTX Feature R13
RRC request retransmission parameter optimization parameter ALL
RRC connection retransmission parameter optimization parameter ALL
High RRC Load
Cell PCH parameter ALL
FD/EFD Feature R12
RACH Access parameter optimzation parameter ALL
High RACH Load F2P,F2H trigger threshold optimization parameter ALL
F2P,F2H Timer Optimization parameter ALL
HSUPA coverage enhanced at UE power limitation Feature R13
adaptive configuration of traffic channel power offset for HSUPA Feature R13
UE Coverage Limit UE TX power Limit HSUPA adaptive transmission Feature R12
Coverage based E2D Feature R12
TTI switch for BE service base on coverage Feature R12

UL Interference Limitation

(RTWP trouble shooting)
System Interference Solution (1/4)

Solution1 : interference Troubleshooting
Description
For high RTWP cell in free time, maybe due to external interference or RF
engineering problem, See the “UMTS RTWP Troubleshooting Guide” to
check interference and make optimizations.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: eliminate external interference, improve throughput and KPI.
 Disadvantage: None
Application
Refer to the document: URFSTG01005-UMTS RTWP Troubleshooting
Guide-V1R2.docx Link


Solution2 : RF optimization
Description
For high RTWP cell with low service load in busy hour, maybe due to
neighbor cell configuration or indoor antenna problem, suggest to do some
RF optimization.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: decrease intra cell, inter cell or inter RAT cell interference,
improve throughput and KPI, the gain depend on the strength of
interference.
 Disadvantage: None.
Application
Refer to the document:
http://support.huawei.com/support/pages/kbcenter/view/product.do?actionFlag=detailPr
oductSimple&web_doc_id=SE0000232054&doc_type=123-2&doc_type=123-2


Solution 3 : Automatically background noise update
Description
If the RTWP is high in free hour, and customer can’t find the root cause and solve
interference after RTWP troubleshooting. For the cell with stable background noise, you
could synchronize the real background noise through “Automatically background noise
update” algorithm, which will improve HSUPA available load.
Fixed setting : -106 by default
Automatic update : deliver the value detected during the night to Node B
Pros & Cons

 Benefit:
- Keep the background noise consistent with the real value of background noise.
- HSUPA available scheduling load may be increase.
 Disadvantage:
- The background noise reference must be recorded without any user in the cell.
Application
 RNC MML：MOD UCELLCAC: BGNSwitch=ON, BGNAdjustTimeLen=120,
BGNEqUserNumThd=0, BgnStartTime=01&00&00, BgnEndTime=06&00&00,
BgnUpdateThd=5, BgnAbnormalThd=100;


Solution 4 : HSUPA anti-interference scheduling (feature WRFD-020136)
Description:
On commercial networks some site experience strong and random external UL interference.
The traditional HSUPA scheduling algorithm considers only the total RTWP of a cell
=> available load resources are reduced and the HSUPA throughput decrease.
With this feature, UEs HSUPA scheduling is performed based on the cell RTWP and traffic volume of
HSUPA UEs in the cell.
If the traffic volume (HSUPA and R99 users) is lower than the predefined threshold, HSUPA
scheduling can be performed even if the ROT of the cell increases to a very high value.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: Improve user throughput even though interference exist.
 Disadvantage: Real RTWP will increase, the KPI such as access, call drop may be degraded.
If there is no interference, this feature is useless and has no impact on any KPIs.
Application
 RNC MML：MOD UCELLCAC: BackgroundNoise = 61;
Baseline：61, equal to -106dB. Manually update to the mean RTWP value in free hour without users,
it could get according to RNC counter.

Target High UL Load Scenario
Rule:
Busy Hour:
Cell MeanRTWP > Real Background Noise + Cell Target Load
Or
NODEB cell unhappy user proportion > 30% (Target Overload Limit)

(RTWP High Traffic
optimization training)
Target Overload Solution (1/13)
Solution 1 : CQI feedback period optimization
Description:
More and more HSDPA user online at the same time in the cell (> 20 users);
HSDPA uplink feedback channel HS-DPCCH contribute a big part of RTWP load.
It is recommended to optimize HSDPA CQI feedback period, to reduce impact on uplink.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: The CQI period is postponed
=> reduce the Load of HS-DPCCH
=> the available load for HSUPA will increase.
 Disadvantage: if the CQI period is too long, it could not reflect the accurate channel
quality on time and HSDPA throughput may be affected (very small impact).
Application
 RNC MML： RNC Level：
SET UHSDPCCH:CQIFBCK=D8,CQIFBCKFORSHO=D8; (CQI feedback period from 2ms to 8ms)
Cell Level：
ADD UCELLHSDPCCH: CELLID=xxx, CQIFbCk=D8, CQIFbCkforSHO=D8;

(RTWP High Traffic
Solution 2: Target ROT Optimization
Description:
• HSUPA scheduling depends on UL load. You can optimize the value of
target RoT
The Higher is the target load => the more load is available for HSUPA
The defaulted target load is 75%, we suggest to modify to 90%.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: HSUPA user number capacity and cell throughput will improve
Disadvantage: As the uplink load increase, the coverage will decrease. Call
drop may degraded a the edge off the cell.
Application
 RNC MML：ADD UCELLHSUPA: MaxTargetUlLoadFactor=90;

(RTWP High Traffic
Solution 3 : RACH access parameter optimization
Description:
• RACH access preamble adopt open-loop power control
When the coverage is bad or massive RRC access exist => UE TX power
could increase quickly involving RTWP peaks.
• In order to control RTWP peaks, RACH access parameters could be
optimized. (More effective for indoor massive user scenario)
Pros & Cons

Benefit: Reduce the sharp impact of preamble open-loop power control on
uplink RTWP in initial RACH access. Cell mean RTWP should decrease.
 Disadvantage: the access delay may increase
Access Parameter
Optimized Value
(default value)
Application Constantvalue (-20) -30
 RNC MML：MOD UPRACHUUPARAS: CellId=xxx, PreambleRetransMax
40
(20)
PhyChId=4, Constantvalue=-30, PowerRampStep=1, PowerRampStep (2) 1
PreambleRetransMax=40; Mmax (8) 3
NB01max (0) 10

Solution 4 : HSUPA 10ms BLER optimization
Description:
• The current target BLER value is benefit for HSUPA user with high throughput in
good coverage.
• If many users are online at the same time with low throughput => UE sends high
power in order to transfer low throughput (bad power efficiency)
• In that case target BLER optimization parameter from 1% to 10% is recommended
which will  the UE Tx power and  the nb of TB retransmission
Pros & Cons

Benefit: UL power efficiency will improved, HSUPA user throughput will , or
RTWP may be decrease, KPI such call drop may improve.
Disadvantage: The parameter optimization may have negative affect for the user
with real high throughput.
Application
 RNC MML：inner parameters, contact with HQ before using.

(RTWP High Traffic
Solution 5 : HSPA state transfer
Description:
• In HS-PDSCH state, when there is no data transmission, UE still need to send
dedicated UL HS_DPCCH
When Nb of users online , control channel load  and generates a big part of RoT.
• After enabling HSPA state transfer switch, user will move to CELL_FACH or
CELL_PCH state when there is low data transmission
Pros & Cons

 Benefit : some uplink load will be saved, control channel load and RTWP will 
 Disadvantage : Time delay and signaling could , and the call drop may be 
Application
RNC MML：SET UCORRMALGOSWITCH:
DraSwitch=DRA_HSDPA_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH-
1&DRA_HSUPA_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH-&DRA_PS_BE_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH-
1

Solution 6: HSUPA CAC user number
Description:
From normal configuration, HSUPA consume more load than R99
When there are many HSUPA users in a cell, reduce the MaxHSUPA user
number could decrease uplink load (more R99 users capacity after
optimization)
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: Uplink load may decrease, user throughput may be improved.
 Disadvantage: If the value is too low, the cell HSDPA capacity may be
reduces, leading to waste in HSUPA resources
Application
 RNC MML：MOD UCELLCAC: CellId=xxx, MaxHsupaUserNum=10;
(default = 20)

(RTWP High Traffic
Solution 7 : 2ms/10ms TTI switch based on RTWP + HSUPA 2ms period retry
Description:
• HSUPA 2ms TTI provide better throughput but will easily involve RTWP
peaks when data bursts appears, especially in dynamic CE active scenario.
• HSUPA 2ms TTI require more TX power, so we suggest to open 2ms/10ms
TTI switch based on RTWP.
• If 2ms period retry switch is on, massive 2ms/10ms ping-pong switch may
exist in case of RTWP peaks => close the 2ms retry switch
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: Uplink load may decrease.
 Disadvantage: Lower throughput with TTI 10ms when the user have real
high throughput requirement.
Application
 RNC MML：
SET UCORRMALGOSWITCH:
DraSwitch=DRA_BASE_RES_BE_TTI_RECFG_SWITCH-1;
SET UFRC: RetryCapability=TTI_2MS-0;

Solution 8: traffic-based activation and deactivation of the supplementary carrier in multi-
carrier (WRFD-010713)
Description:
This feature can deactivate the secondary carrier of a UE supporting DC-
HSDPA when the traffic volume of DC-HSDPA is low.
Deactivation of DC-HSDPA avoid redundant UL power of DC-HSDPA UE so

as to decrease UL interference and save power for UE.
Pros & Cons

Benefit: save UE TX power consumption, decrease uplink load, improve
HSUPA throughput.
Disadvantage: the time delay could increase for cell edge HSDPA user at
none DC status.
Application
NODEB MML： SET MACHSPARA: SECCELLACTDEASW = ON;

UMTS HSPA+ Introduction-
HSUPA training
Solution 9 : Frequency Domain Equalization (HSUPA FDE) : WRFD-010692
Description:
With the HSUPA uplink frequency domain balancing feature, the NODEB
uplink receiver reduces the multi-path interference of the E-DPDCH.
 FDE increase the Signal Noise Ratio (S/N) of the E-DPDCH and the
uplink resource usage efficiency
This feature is adapted to hotspot or VIP zone which has high speed
requirement.
Pros & Cons

Benefit: improve user throughput and cell capacity. Enhance a higher peak
data rate for HSUPA users.
Application
 NODEB MML： ADD LOCELL: LOCELL=xxx, FDE_MODE=TRUE;

Solution 10 : Independent demodulation of signals from multiple RRUs in one cell
Description:
This feature reduces the number of inter-cell handovers by enabling
independent demodulation and combination of signals at the baseband unit
(BBU) for multiple RRUs in one cell.
Coverage areas of multiple RRUs can be flexibly combined to form a linear

coverage area when several cells are required to cover a high speed road for
example or for indoor building coverage.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: reduce the soft handover, improve cell capacity.
 Disadvantage: more baseband resource are required.
Application
 NODEB MML： ADD SEC: STN=0, SECN=0, SECT =
MULTIRRU_SECTOR, RRUCOUNT=2, RRU1SRN=60, RRU2SRN=61;

Solution 11 : CCPIC phase1 & phase2 :
WRFD-010210 Control Channel Parallel Interference Cancellation (CCPIC)
Description:
• For service with a low rate and low activity, the control channel of each user is a
considerable interference source.
• The UL DPCCHs are always on and form a substantial source of interference
• CCPIC cancels the interference from Uplink control channels DPCCH to
improve the system capability.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: reduce the interference of control channel DPCCH, increase the
available uplink load, improve cell capacity.
Application
 NODEB License control, phase1 available from RAN10, Phase2 realize in
RAN 14.

Solution 12: Multi-sector expansion
Description:
In the scenarios of lack of frequency resource, hard to get new site, need
high cost and long period for expansion, HUAWEI innovated multi-sector
solution through flexible RRU topology, advanced split antenna and
professional network planning and optimization.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: could solve radio congestion, improve uplink throughput, cell
coverage and capacity.
Disadvantage: more RRU and antenna resource needed, professional

network planning and optimization required.
Application
 Expansion, outdoor adaptive

Solution 13 : Micro site expansion
Description:
Micro site is flexible and easy to install, which could improve the coverage
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: easy install, offload cell capacity, relieve congestion, improve user
experience.
Application
 Expansion, indoor adaptive

UL Coverage Limitation

HSUPA training
UE Coverage Limitation Solution
Solution1: Coverage based 2ms/10ms TTI switch + HSUPA 2ms period retry
Description:
• HSUPA 2ms has it is more sensitive to the bad coverage.
=> At the cell edge or weak coverage area, 2msTTI can involve call drop.
• Coverage based 2ms/10ms TTI switch is recommend.
• If 2ms period retry switch is on, massive 2ms/10ms ping-pong switch may
exist, result in RTWP peaks => so close 2ms retry switch.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: improve user experience, decrease call drop.
 Disadvantage: after switching from 2ms to 10ms TTI even if UE find back a
good radio coverage, will stay in TTI 10ms mode with lower throughput.
Application
RNC MML： SET UCORRMALGOSWITCH:
DraSwitch=DRA_BASE_COVER_BE_TTI_RECFG_SWITCH-1;
SET UFRC: RetryCapability=TTI_2MS-0;

UE Coverage Limitation Solution (2/2)
Solution3: HSUPA E2D feature – E-DCH to DCH
Description:
• HSUPA feature improve user uplink throughput, but is more sensitive to radio
coverage. After HSUPA activation, the HSUPA user at the edge of the cell has
higher call drop rate and throughput limitation.
• E2D algorithm reconfigure HSUPA user to DCH according to the coverage

and throughput, make sure the user could transfer data successively.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: decrease call drop, improve user experience in UE power limitation
status.
 Disadvantage: Impact user experience for high throughout requirement
Application
 RNC MML：SET UCORRMALGOSWITCH:
ReservedSwitch0=RESERVED_SWITCH_0_BIT5-
1&RESERVED_SWITCH_0_BIT7-1;

UL Device Optimization Whole Scenario
Capacity Limit Solution
Scenario Sub Scenario Optional Solution Version
Aspect Property
increase equivalent user number parameter ALL
Equivalent user
number limited multicarrier/multisector/micro site expansion ALL
CAC User number expansion
Limited
HSUPA user number increase HSUPA user number parameter ALL
limited 60/96 HSUPA per cell feature R12
CE Overbooking(R14) feature R14
Admission CE
Limited decrease GBR parameter ALL
CE Resource
Limited 2ms/10ms TTI switch based on admission CE feature R12
Physical CE Dynamic CE feature R10
Limited CE expansion expansion ALL
Device Resource IUB admission
Limited IUB overbooking parameter ALL
bandwidth Limited
IUB physical
IUB expansion expansion ALL
IUB Resource bandwidth Limited
Limited
packe loss and time delay valuation troubleshooting ALL
IUB QOS Limited
expansion expansion ALL
NODEB WMPT CPU UTRP expansion expansion ALL

Limited
software upgrade upgrade ALL
NODEB CPU/DSP
NODEB WBBP CPU
Limited ALL
Limited WBBP expansion/resource group
expansion
NODEB WBBP DSP optimization/software upgrade
ALL
Limited

CAC user number Limitation
Rule:
ENU Limitation
ENU utility > 60% and (UL power congestion exist or cell configured maximum ENU >
160)
HSUPA user number limitation:

HSUPA user number > maximum HSUPA user number configured in the cell × 85％

CAC user Limitation Solution (1/4)
Solution 1: UL CAC ENU Optimization
Description:
If the uplink CAC adopt algorithm-second (add ucellalgoswitch), based on the
equivalent user number, we can find user access fail because of user number
limitation.
If there is no other resource congestion, increasing the UL total equivalent user

number from 95 to 120~200 is recommended.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: More users can access the network.
Disadvantage: Cell uplink load may increase, HSUPA throughput may
decrease if overload happen, call drop may be also degraded.
Application
 RNC MML：ADD UCELLCAC: UlTotalEqUserNum = 160;

Solution 2 : multi carrier/multi sector/micro site
Description:
If there are available frequency resources, second carrier or three carrier
expansion is recommended.
If there are no frequency resources, suggest to adopt HUAWEI multi sector

solution for outdoor and micro site for indoor scenarios.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: congestion will relieve, system capacity enhance.
 Disadvantage: more hardware cost.
Application
 Expansion

Solution3: HSUPA UL CAC user number (feature WRFD-01061211)
Description:
HSUPA admission failure can be limited by cell maximum user number. If

the Max number of HSUPA user is less than 20, it is suggested to expand to 20.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: More users can access the network
 Disadvantage: Cell uplink load will increase, so it is not suitable to target
overload cell.
Application
 RNC MML： MOD UCELLCAC: CellId=xxx, MaxHsupaUserNum = 20;

Solution4: 60/96 HSUPA User per cell (WRFD-010634 : 60 users, WRFD-010639: 96 users)
Description:
If there are more than 20 HSUPA user, suggest to adopt 60/96 HSUPA user
per cell feature, which allow more users to bear on E-DCH.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: congestion will relieve, user can reach high throughput.
 Disadvantage: Cell uplink load will increase, so it is not suitable to target
overload cell.
Application
 RNC MML： MOD UCELLCAC: CellId=xxx, MaxHsupaUserNum=60;

CE Resource Limitation
Rule:
RNC Admission CE utility > 70% and CE congestion exists, define as admission
CE limitation.
NODEB license CE utility > 70% and CE congestion exists, define as license CE
limitation.

CE Resource Limitation Solution (1/6)
Solution1 : CE expansion
Description:
Through network audit tools, identify the high CE utility and CE congestion
site, expand WBBP and CE license.
Pros & Cons
 Benefit: congestion will relieve, more user can access the network, user
throughput will increase in License CE limitation scenario.
Application
 Hardware and License expansion

CE Resource Limitation Solution (2/6)
Solution2: Decrease GBR
Description:
If the uplink throughput is low in live network and the default GBR is high,
more CE resource will be reserved (low CE efficiency)
=> Decrease GBR from 64K to 32K, it will allowed more users to access the
network.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: congestion will decrease, more user can access the network.
 Disadvantage: Modifying the parameter may result in the user experience

degradation for high speed user.
Application
 RNC MML: SET UUSERGBR: TrafficClass=BACKGROUND,
BearType=HSPA, UserPriority=GOLD, UlGBR=D32, DlGBR=D32;

UMTS signaling storm
solution training
CE Resource Limit Solution (3/6)

Solution 3 : State Transfer
Description:
Open state transfer switch and allow the user with low throughput data
transmission or without any data transmission moving to CELL_FACH or
CELL_PCH state. Release the dedicated resource, let the CE to the user with
more requirement.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: congestion will decrease, more user can access the network.
 Disadvantage : call drop rate may be degraded as signaling increase, the
time delay will degrade for high data transmission requirement user.
Application
 RNC MML: SET UCORRMALGOSWITCH:
DraSwitch=DRA_HSDPA_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH-
1&DRA_HSUPA_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH-
1&DRA_PS_BE_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH-1;

HSUPA training

Solution 4: TTI switch based on admission CE
Description:
HSUPA 2ms require more admission CE than 10ms, active 2ms may result in
admission CE congestion, influent user access. The feature switch 2ms HSUPA
user on 10ms when CE resource is congested, which will allow more user to access
the network, and improve the CE utility and KPI.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: CE congestion will decrease, more user can access the network.
 Disadvantage: call drop rate may be degraded as signaling increase.
The time delay will degrade for high data transmission requirement user.
Application
 RNC MML: SET UCORRMALGOSWITCH:
DRA_BASE_ADM_CE_BE_TTI_RECFG_SWITCH-1;

Solution 5 : Dynamic CE (WRFD-010638)
Description:
CE resources are hardware and limited resources of NODEB;
HSUPA improved uplink throughput, but also consume more CE resources.
Dynamic CE could improve CE utility and efficiency, and improve system
capacity.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: congestion will relieve, CE utility will increase, user experience is
improved
Disadvantage: As CE utility increases, uplink throughput will improve and
uplink load will increase => cell coverage may shrink.
Application
 License control only

Solution 6 : CE overbooking (WRFD-140212)
Description:
After the dynamic CE resource management feature is enabled, the RNC generally ensures
the GBR of HSUPA users and the resources required for data transmission.
When the penetration rate of 2 ms TTI users is high and the actual UL HSUPA service volume
is not high. This admission causes a low NODEB CE usage (waste of resources)
This algorithm optimize the difference between admission credits reserved by RNC and
actual CEs consumption reported by Node B, to allow more access users and improve the
CE usage.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: Relieves CE congestion during UE access, Increases the number of
admitted UEs and the number of UEs with a 2 ms TTI, Increases cell throughput
when Uu resources are sufficient.
Application: Depend on feature WRFD-010638 Dynamic CE Resource Management.

When CE Overbooking is enabled, it is recommended that :
DRA_BASE_ADM_CE_BE_TTI_RECFG_SWITCH under DraSwitch be turned on.

IUB Resource Limitation
Rule:
IP/ATM: UL UP assignment bandwidth utilization > 70% and IUB UL congestion exists,
define as IUB Admission Limit.
• Bandwidth utilization > 70%, define as IuB Physical Limitation.

• Congestion time > 60, define as IuB QOS Limitation.

IUB Resource Limitation Solution (1/2)
Solution 1: transmission active factor optimization
Description
If a site has only IUB admission bandwidth limitation, and the physical bandwidth
utilization is not high
=> decreasing the active factor of PS R99 and HSPA could allow more user to
access the network.
Bandwidth (IuB CAC) = GBR*active-factor
Pros & Cons
 Benefit: congestion will decrease, IUB real utilization will increase.
 Disadvantage: IUB real bandwidth congestion may happen.
Application Active Factor adjustment From 100% to 50 %

 RNC MML:
ADD TRMFACTOR: FTI=11, PSINTERDL=50, PSINTERUL=50, PSBKGDL=50,

PSBKGUL=50, HDINTERDL=50, HDBKGDL=50, HUINTERUL=50,
HUBKGUL=50; // define new PS interactive and background services active
factor index
ADD ADJMAP: ANI=xxx, ITFT=IUB, FTI=11; // adjacent node uses the new
index

IUB Resource Limitation Solution (2/2)
Solution2: Decrease GBR
Description:
For the site with low user throughput, decrease GBR could allow more user to
access the network.
Bandwidth (IuB CAC) = GBR*active-factor
Pros & Cons
 Refer to CE Resource Limit Solution (2/6)
Application
 Refer to CE Resource Limit Solution (2/6)
Solution3: IUB expansion
Description:
For the site with physical bandwidth limitation, suggest to expand
transmission according to network audit result.

NODEB CPU/DSP Limitation
Rule:
CNBAP utility > 60% or RL fail > 60
Optimize Solution:
Solution 1: URTP expansion
If WMPT CNBAP limited, expand UTRP could improve WMPT CNBAP capacity.
CNBAP= ((VS.IUB.AttRLSetup + VS.IUB.AttRLAdd + VS.IUB.AttRLRecfg *{2})/{3600})
Solution 2: WBBP expansion
If WBBP CNBAP limited, expand WBBP could improve WBBP CNBAP capacity.
Solution 3: Upgrade NodeB version
New NODEB software has optimization on CNBAP, could support higher CNBAP;
for the CNBAP limited site, suggest to upgrade to new NODEB version.

Downlink Scenarios
According to the requirement for downlink capacity improvement, the scenarios
could be divided into two classes: throughput or user number improvement, each
class include two aspects: radio and device resource, current version only has a
consideration of throughput optimization and customize solution:
Radio Resource Limitation

 Channel Quality Limitation
 TCP Load Limitation
 BLER Limitation
Device Resource Limitation

 HSDPA user number Limitation
 CODE Limit
 Admission CE Limitation
 License CE Limitation
 IUB Bandwidth Limitation
 IUB QOS Limitation

DL Radio Optimization Whole Scenario
Scenario Sub Scenario Optional Solution Version
Aspect Property
MPOC adjustment parameter ALL
PCPICH power optimization parameter ALL
Channel Quality Limit Common channel optimization parameter ALL
RF Optimization troubleshooting ALL
Expansion expansion ALL
Decrease Power Margin parameter ALL
Common solution Increase CAC Threshold parameter ALL
LAC timer optimization parameter ALL
High RRC Load
Cell PCH/R8 FD feature RAN12
FACH UE power control parameter RAN11
HSDPA status transfer timer optimization parameter ALL
High FACH Load
HSDPA status transfer trigger threshold optimization parameter ALL
TCP Load Limit CS over HSDPA feature RAN11

SRB over HSDPA feature RAN12
High R99 Load
BE Rate decrease/inter frequency HO LDR
Radio Resource Limit feature RAN10
Code Priority parameter RAN10

HSSCCH dynamic power control parameter RAN10
High HSDPA Load multi-carrier PA sharing feature RAN11
MIMO Prime feature RAN13
CPC HS-SCCH Less Operation feature RAN11
PCPICH power adjustment parameter ALL
High CCH Load
Decrease common channel PO parameter ALL
MPOC adjustment parameter ALL
BLER Limit
CQI Adjustment Based on Dynamic BLER Target feature RAN13
R99 Cell HSDPA feature RAN10
TPE feature RAN12
Downlink enhanced CELL FACH feature RAN12
L2+ feature RAN11
Normal Cell 64QAM feature RAN11
HSDPA Cell
MIMO feature RAN11
DC feature RAN12
64QAM+MIMO feature RAN12
DC+64QAM+MIMO feature RAN13

DL Device Optimization Whole Scenario
Scenario Child Scenario Optional Solution Version
Aspect Property
Increase HSDPA CAC user number parameter ALL
HSDPA user number

Limit
Decrease GBR parameter ALL

Admission CE Limit
CE Resource Limit Decrease initial Rate parameter ALL
License CE Limit CE Expansion expansion ALL
Decrease GBR parameter ALL

Decrease initial Rate parameter ALL
IUB Bandwidth Limit
Transmission Active Factor adjustment parameter
Device Resource Limit
IUB Resource Limit IUB expansion expansion ALL
HSDPA flow control method adjustment parameter ALL

IUB QOS Limit
troubleshooting troubleshooting ALL
power and code allocation method adjustment parameter ALL
HS-PDSCH code expansion expansion ALL

CODE Limit
R99 Code Utility< 70%
RNC/NODEB HS-PDSCH code Dynamic
parameter ALL
allocation
code adjustment LDR feature RAN11
R99 Code Utility> 70%
F-DPCH(SRB OVER HSDPA) feature RAN12

Channel Quality Limitation
Rule:
Cell reported mean CQI < 17, define as Channel Quality Limitation

Training HSPA Throughput improvement
Channel Quality Limitation Solution (1/2)

Solution1: MPO C adjustment
Description
MPO value was used when UE measure the CQI, MPOC setting will affect
MPO value, unreasonable MPOC configuration, such as too large, will result
in small CQI :
MPO = min(13, Pcell-Pcpich - MPO constant) dB

For commercial network, suggest to adopt default value, 2.5dB.
Pros & Cons

Benefit: the CQI could reflect the real channel quality more precisely.
Disadvantage: None.
Application
 RNC MML: MOD UCELLHSDPA: CellId=xxx,
HsPdschMPOConstEnum=2.5DB;

Channel Quality Limitation Solution (2/2)
Solution 2 : Expansion
Description
For the cell with high TCP load, if the CQI is low, It is suggested to improve
CQI through expansion.
If there are available frequency resources, multi-carriers expansion is
recommended;
In the scenarios of lack of frequency resource, hard to get new site, high
cost and long period for expansion, HUAWEI innovated multi-sector
expansion for outdoor and indoor micro site.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: system capacity enhance, CQI will be improved.
Application
 Expansion

TCP Load Limitation
Rule:
R99 TCP utility > 70% or downlink congestion ratio > 1%
or
Total TCP utility > 80%, define as TCP load limit.

TCP Load Limitation Solution (1/9)
Solution 1: Decrease Power Margin
Description
Power Margin parameter is used to set the reserved power for R99
handover.
In the low handover factor scenario, decrease the threshold will increase
available load.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: Cell capacity enhance, user throughput will be improved.
 Disadvantage: R99 soft handover success rate may degrade.
Application
 NODEB MML: SET MACHSPARA: PWRMGN=1; (Default Value 5)

Solution 2 : Increase CAC Threshold
Description
If cell load is high with some congestion, and you can’t add any resources
congestion :
 Increasing downlink CAC threshold of 5% (from 80% to 85%) to decrease the
congestion temporarily
If the DL load of a cell is higher than this threshold => this service will be
rejected
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: More users could be served at the same time.
 Disadvantage: Total power congestion become more serious.
Application
 RNC MML: MOD UCELLCAC: DlConvAMRThd=85, DlConvNonAMRThd=85,
DlOtherThd=80, DlHOThd=90, DlCellTotalThd=95;

Solution 3 : Expansion
Description
If there are frequency resources available , multi-carriers expansion is
recommended;
In the scenarios of lack of frequency resource, hard to get new site, and
high cost and long period for expansion, HUAWEI innovated multi-sector
expansion for outdoor and indoor micro site.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: System capacity increase, user experience improve.
Application
 Expansion

Training Signaling storm solution

Solution 4 : Cell PCH / R8 FD
Description
As smart phone penetration increases :
-More and more services and applications.
-More and more users are online at the same time, which consume lots of power resource.
Signaling storm solution Cell PCH + R8 FD transfer more users to CELL_PCH and
CELL_FACH state
=> RRC attempts and dedicated channel resource consumption decrease
Pros & Cons
 Benefit: RRC attempts and dedicated channel users decrease, uplink load will be
improved.
Disadvantage: When user need to transfer data again, it need to change to
FACH or DCH state, time delay increase, signaling increase (Cell update, RB re-
configuration)
Application
Refer to the document:
UMTS Signaling Storm Solution material package
http://3ms.huawei.com/mm/docMaintain/mmMaintain.do?method=showMMDetail&f_id=UMTS201103230081

Solution 5: HSDPA status transfer timer optimization
Description
• if FACH power is high, it is suggested to optimize the H2F timer when BE
services is in the stable low activity state
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: Decrease cell power congestion. More users carry HSDPA
 Disadvantage :
- If the value of this parameter is too low, it can not judge whether
the UE is in low activity state.
- If the value of this parameter is too high, the dedicated channel
resources are wasted.
Application
 RNC MML: SET UUESTATETRANSTIMER: BeH2FStateTransTimer=5.

Solution 6 : HSDPA status transfer trigger threshold optimization
Description
When the service is carried on HSDPA, the associated DL SRB consume extra power
Optimize HS-DSCH 2 FACH / FACH 2 HS-DSCH trigger threshold:
-  the H2F 4B threshold and time to trigger
-  the F2H 4A threshold and time to trigger
Pros & Cons
 Benefit: Relieve cell power congestion. More users carry HSDPA
 Disadvantage:  drop on FACH (no power control),  load on FACH
Application
 RNC MML:
SET UUESTATETRANS: BeH2FTvmThd=D512, BeH2FTvmTimeToTrig=D160,
BeF2HTvmThd=D256, BeF2HTvmTimeToTrig=D100;

Solution 7 : SRB over HSDPA
Description
• Smartphone penetration increased, more and more HSDPA users are online at
the same time.
• HSDPA SRB channel consumes a large amount of power.
• As the R8 terminal penetration increases, open the SRB over HSDPA feature
can effectively reduce HSDPA DCH channel load consumption.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: Relieve cell power congestion.
 Disadvantage: Not suggested , Bug on NodeB
Application
RNC MML:
SET UFRCCHLTYPEPARA: SrbChlType=HSDPA or
SET UFRCCHLTYPEPARA: SrbChlType=HSPA;

Solution 8 : BE Rate decrease / inter frequency HO LDR
Description
If the load occupied by R99 in a cell is high => TCP will be limited
Open the LDR algorithm based on downlink power for R99 users and :
- reduce BE service rate,
- or switch users to inter frequency cell
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: reduce the R99 power => Relieve cell power congestion.
 Disadvantage: R99 user experience may degrade.
Application
RNC MML:
ADD UCELLLDR: DlLdrSecondAction=InterFreqLDHO,
DlLdrThirdAction=BERateRed;

Solution 9 : HS-SCCH dynamic power control
Description
Dynamic HS-SCCH power control execution based on CQI.
• When CQI channel quality is good, send with lower power to reduce
the control channel load;
• When the CQI channel quality is poor, then use higher power to
ensure coverage.
Pros & Cons
 Benefit: eases the power consumption when the coverage is good,

Relieve cell power congestion.
Application
 NODEB MML: SET MACHSPARA: HSSCCHPWRCMINDCH=CQI;

BLER Limitation
Rule:
Cell mean BLER > 20%, define as BLER Limit.

BLER Limitation Solution (1/2)
Solution1: MPOC adjustment
Description
The unreasonable MPO configuration will result in the UE-reported CQI
distortion, and will increase the BLER.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: BLER decrease, user throughput increase.
Application
 RNC MML: MOD UCELLHSDPA: CellId=xxx,
HsPdschMPOConstEnum=2.5DB;

BLER Limitation Solution(2/2)
Solution2: CQI adjustment based on BLER
Description
This algorithm can dynamically identify the channel environment, determine
the optimum schedule BLER (SBLER) target, and correct the CQI based on
the target value to obtain the maximum uplink throughput rate.
Pros & Cons

 Benefit: BLER decrease, user throughput increase.
Application
 NODEB MML:
SET MACHSPARA:CQIADJALGOFNONCON=CQI_ADJ_BY_DYN_BLER;

Service Procedure
Requirement clarification: Learn the
requirements of the customer.
Capacity improvement can be

Collection of the live network data: Field engineers provide delivered as the procedure illustrated in
the network data required for network evaluation.
the figure, it includes the following steps:
 Customer demand acquisition
Network evaluation: Use the OMStar to provide the
 Network data collection
network evaluation report.  Tool data analysis
 Evaluated scene output
 customize optimization solution
Scenario mapping: Map the network to a known
scenario based on network evaluation counters
 Effect evaluation
and methods in each scenario.  Case summary &communication
Solution delivery: Provide a solution to the

scenario based on the scenario mapping
result.
Acceptance: Evaluate the solution implementation

effect based on the scenario acceptance solution and
provide the acceptance report.
Case summary: Summarize the solution

implementation effect and impacts, and save
the case in the case library.

Tool Usage Method
Customize the
Export a report
Import data to optimization
Collect data. from the
the OMStar. solution based
OMStar.
on the scenario.
Data collection:
 RNC MML script(inner, mandatory)
 RNC Performance(mandatory)
 NODEB Performance(optional, without the data, some scenarios will be empty)
 NODEB License File(mandatory)
Customize solution based on scenarios:

 Uplink refer to “URFSTG01181-Technical Guide to UMTS Uplink Capacity
Improvement-V100R002”.
 Downlink refer to “URFSTG01182-Technical Guide to UMTS Downlink Capacity
Improvement-V1R2”.

Thank you
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UMTS UL&DL Capacity Improvement Solution - V1R2.0

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2018/7/29 Security Level:

UL&DL Capacity Improvement Solution：

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Low throughput, improve user and cell throughput,

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