DISASTER

MANAGEMENT
 TASKS
• WORLD WIDE DISASTER HAZARDS – WHICH AREAS AROUND THE
WORLD ARE MOST VULNERABLE TO DISASTERS AND WHY ?
PREPARE A PPT OR A FACTFILE ON ANY TWO DISASTERS

• THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN NATURAL AND MAN MADE

DISASTERS IS THE ELEMENT OF HUMAN INTENT OR
NEGLIGENCE THAT LEADS TO HUMAN SUFFERING AND
ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE; MAY MIRROR NATURAL DISASTERS,
YET MAN HAS A DIRECT HAND IN THEIR OCCURRENCE.
PREPARE A DETAILED REPORT ON THE MOST DEVASTATING
MAN MADE DISASTERS HAPPENING AROUND THE WORLD IN THE
FORM OF A VIDEO /PHOTO ALBUM /ROLE PLAY

• WE WILL BE PRESENTING A PPT ON BOTH COMBINED .

 GROUP MEMEBERS
• ADITYA KAMAT
• AJAY PRADEEP
• ANAG DEVNANI
• SIDHARTH BALAJI
• TARUN VARIER
 WHAT IS DISASTER
• A disaster is a serious disruption, occurring over a relatively short time,
of the functioning of a community or a society involving widespread
human, material, economic or environmental loss and impacts, which
exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its
own resources.
• A natural hazard is not termed a "disaster" if it takes place in a remote
area not inhabited by humans.
Man Made Disasters:Hazards that are the result of human intent or
negligence, or result from human designs that cannot withstand
natural forces.
 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN NATURAL
AND MAN MADE DISASTERS

NATURAL DISASTER MAN MADE DISASTERS

• Natural disasters are disasters • Man made disasters are also

which are believed to be
mainly due to natural reasons
and partially due to external
reasons. Example-
Earthquakes, Tsunamis,
Volcanic eruptions etc.
• A natural hazard is not termed
a "disaster" if it takes place in a
remote area,not inhabited by
humans
known as anthropogenic
disasters and they as a result
of human intent, error or as a
result of failed systems,result
from human designs that
cannot withstand natural
forces.
 HUMAN HAS A HAND IN ALL
DISASTERS
If one actually analyze the causes of disasters, it all had
started with humans. Take an example of forest fires: they
could be caused by unattended campfires, discarded cigarette
butts or burning debris of vehicles though also they could have
caused by lightning. Landslides on the other hand are also
partially caused by humans: deforestation loosens the sand
thus more chances a landslides could occur .
 Chernobyl Explosion
• The Nuclear Power Plant Explosion in
Chernobyl ,Ukraine On April 26th 1986,
resulted in the atmospheric release of
radioactive material,four hundred times more
radioactive than Hiroshima.
• Since the accident there have been countless
children with birth defects, a sickening
increase of cancer sufferers and many other
health issues as well.
• It is estimated that the disaster could result in
nearly 100,000 fatal cancers,
• The area won’t be safe for any activity,
including farming for up to 200 years
 Bhopal gas tragedy

• On the night of December 2, 1984, the

Union Carbide pesticide plant in
Bhopal, India began to leak poisonous
methyl isocyanate gas

• Over 500,000 were exposed and there

were up to 15,000 deaths at that time.

• In addition, more than 20,000 people

have died since the accident from gas-
related diseases.
 Oil Tanker collision
• On March 24, 1989, the American oil tanker
the Exxon Valdez collided with the Bligh
Reef.
• This created an oil spill with far reaching
consequences in the Prince William Sound
in Alaska.
• Over 11 million gallons of oil spilled over
nearly 500 miles polluting the coastline.
• Over a quarter million birds were killed and
countless other wildlife.
• Over 11,000 people aided in the clean up
process.
 Atomic bombings of
Hiroshima and Nagasaki:
• On August 6, 1945, during World War II
(1939-45), an American B-29 bomber
dropped the world’s first atomic bomb
over the Japanese city of Hiroshima.
• The explosion wiped out 90 percent of
the city and killed about 226,000 people.

• Three days later, a second B-29

dropped another A-bomb on Nagasaki,
120,000 people were killed.
• Many more died due radiation exposure
and over years the people are still
suffering .
The Gulf War oil spill

• The largest oil spill in history making it one of the

10 worst man-made disasters of all time.
• In 1991, following the invasion of Kuwait,
Hussein sent men in to blow up the Kuwait oil
wells. They managed to set over 600 ablaze and
these burned for over seven months. The oil spill
that resulted from the fires caused considerable
environmental damage.
 Centralia mine fire - Coal
seam fire

• One of the most famous man made

disasters in the form of fire was the
Pennsylvania fire which was recorded in
1962
• The fire was ignited to clean the dump on
May 27, 1962
• The fire is burning in underground coal
mines at depths of up to 300 feet (90 m)
over an 8-mile (13 km) stretch of 3,700
acres (15 km2).
• At its current rate, it could continue to
burn for over 250 years.[
NATURAL DISASTER PRONE ZONES
One of the most natural disaster prone places in the world are Vanuatu, Tonga,
Philippines, Guatemala and Japan.

Tonga is vulnerable to a number of natural hazards due to its location

and topographical nature. The main hazards are earthquake, tsunami,
tropical cyclones and drought. The cyclone season in Tonga is from
November to April, however the peak time for tropical cyclones in Tonga is
from January to March with most events occurring in February.

Vanuatu has been ranked the world's most disaster-prone country in an

Annual World Risk Report published by the United Nations University's
Institute for Environment and Human Security . Name a natural hazard, and
Vanuatu is likely knows it , be it from tropical storms to volcanic eruption .
Human factors include adult literacy rates, school enrollment, public health
expenditures, prior knowledge etc .
Guatemala is a country built on volcanoes, set upon fault lines, and in
the path of tropical storms. flooding and landslides that come from all the rain
causes major deaths . Tropical storms, hurricanes, volcanic eruptions etc have
accounted to more than 20000 deaths with 10000 people missing

Philippines has suffered from an inexhaustible number of deadly

typhoons, earthquakes, volcano eruptions and other natural disasters due to its
location along the Ring of Fire, or typhoon belt .It has a large Pacific Ocean
region where many of Earth’s volcanic eruptions and earthquakes occur
NATURAL DISASTER – EARTH QUAKE
• Earthquakes are mostly caused by geological faults, but they can also
be caused by landslides, nuclear testing, mine tests, and volcanic
activity.

• Earthquakes can release more energy than the atomic bomb dropped on
Hiroshima
 NATURAL DISASTER – EARTH QUAKE
FACTS
• More earthquakes happen in the Northern Hemisphere than in the
Southern Hemisphere
• An earthquake under the ocean can cause a tsunami,.
• Earthquakes kill approximately 8,000 people each year and have caused
an estimated 13 million deaths in the past 4,000 years.
• The world’s worst landslide started by an earthquake occurred in 1920 in
the Kansu province in China. The landslide killed about 200,000 people.
• The worst avalanche triggered by an earthquake occurred in Peru in
1970. It carried away entire villages and killed more than 18,000 people
• Japan is one of the most earthquake-prone nations in the world.
Thousands of earthquakes occur in Japan every year, but most of them
are very weak.
• An average earthquake lasts around a minute-but the 2004 Indian Ocean
earthquake lasted nearly 10 minutes—the longest on record