Sunteți pe pagina 1din 12

CNC PROGRAMMING

AND MACHINING
VIKRAM KUMAR
11613783
M1651 B-28
CNC PROGRAMMING
■ CNC programming software creates program codes and
instructions used to run a machine tool controlled by a
computer. Each unique part requires its own CNC program

■ CNC machine operators work in a wide variety of fields.


People from all different pursuits take advantage of the cost
savings accrued by using CNC machines to turn raw
materials into final products. The machines are faster, more
efficient and safer.
Spindle speed, depth of cut and feed rate

■ The spindle speed is the rotational frequency of the spindle


of the machine, measured in revolutions per minute.
■ Depth of cut is distance that the tool bit moves into the work
usually measured in thousandths of an inch or in
millimetres.
■ Feed rate is defined as the distance the tool travels during
one revolution of the part. Cutting speed and feed
determines the surface finish, power requirements, and
material removal rate.
INTRODUCTION TO CNC LATHE
■ Most lathes are programmed on two axes
■ The X axis controls the cross motion of the cutting
tool. Negative X (X-) moves the tool towards the
spindle centreline; positive X moves the tool away
from the spindle centreline. The Z axis controls the
carriage travel toward or away from the headstock.
WHAT IS WCS AND MCS
Work Coordinate System:
■ A coordinate system used for machining a workpiece is referred to as
a workpiece coordinate system. A workpiece coordinate system is also
called as work reference zero or datum. The work datum will be set by
the user before the machining process begins.
Machine Coordinate System:
■ The point that is specific to machine and serves as the reference of
machine is referred to as the machine zero point. Machine tool builder
sets a machine zero point for each machine.
■ These coordinate systems are very important to know the location of
tool and the workpiece for giving command by the programme to
machine for machining.
INTRODUCTION TO G-CODE AND M-CODE

M-CODES
■ M-codes are miscellaneous machine commands that do not command axis motion.
The format for an M-code is the letter M followed by two to three digits; for example:
■ [M02- End of Program]
■ [M03- Start Spindle- Clockwise]
■ [M04- Start Spindle- Counter Clockwise]
■ [M05- Stop Spindle]
■ [M06- Tool Change]
■ [M08- Coolant On]
■ [ M09- coolant Off]
■ M Codes are essential in ALL CNC programs to ensure a functioning line of code.
G-CODES
■ G-codes are used to command specific movements of the machine, such as machine
moves or drilling functions. The format for a G-code is the letter G followed by two to
three digits; for example G01. G-codes differ slightly between a mill and lathe
application. for example:
■ [G00 - Rapid Motion Positioning]
■ [G01 - Linear Interpolation Motion]
■ [G02 - Interpolation Motion-Clockwise]
■ [G03 - Circular Interpolation Motion-Counter Clockwise]
■ [G70 – Inch format]
■ [G71 – Metric format]
■ [G94 – feed rate/min]
■ [G95 – feed rate/rev]
■ [G90 – Absolute programming]
■ [G91 – Incremental programming]
MACHINING OPERATIONS ON CNC LATHE
Turning:
■ This operation is adopted to cut the metal parallel to the axis. Parallel
turning is done to decrease the diameter of the metal.
Facing:
■ This is usually the first step of any lathe operation on the lathe
machine. The metal is cut from the end to make it fit in the right angle
of the axis and remove the marks.
Grooving:
■ Groove cutting on CNC lathes is a multi-step machining operation. The
term grooving usually applies to a process of forming a narrow cavity
of a certain depth, on a cylinder
OPERATIONS ON CNC LATHE
Taper Turning:
■ Tapering is to cut the metal to nearly a cone shape with the help of the
compound slide. This is something in between the parallel turning and
facing off.
Fillet:
■ Rounding of an interior or exterior corner of a part design.
Chamfer:
■ An interior or exterior corner, with an angle or type of bevel, is called a
Chamfer.
Treading:
■ Pointed form tool is fed linearly across surface of rotating work part
parallel to axis of rotation at a large feed rate, thus creating threads.
different geometries done during the
training along with original images

S-ar putea să vă placă și