DCC5152 – WATER SUPPLY AND WASTE WATER

ENGINEERING

PN. RAJA NORAZILLA BINTI RAJA YUNUS

NAME MATRIC NUMBER
AMIRAH SYAHIRAH BINTI OTHMAN 15DKA15F2003
FATIN ILIANI BINTI AHMAD 15DKA16F2017
NURUL AFIQAH BINTI NORAZMI 15DKA16F2006
ANIS AZLYANA BINTI MOHD AZMAN 15DKA16F2004
FATIN NADIA BINTI ZOLKIFLI 15DKA16F1101
NUR KU AQILA BINTI KUSAIRI 15DKA16F2012
SAIDAH NORADILAH BT AHMAD 15DKA16F2016
BERHANUDIN
SOURCES OF WATER SUPPLY

Surface water sources

Underground water sources
SURFACE WATER
SOURCES
LAKES

 The quality of water of the lakes is generally pure and does not require
any purification.
 Large lakes provide comparatively more pure water than the smaller
ones.
STREAMS

 Formed by surface run-off.

 Discharge in streams quite ample in rainy seasons, but small during
dry season and sometimes, these streams even go dry.
 When water in streams flows a long way, impurities like sand and
minerals get dissolved in it and it harmful.
RIVERS

 Large river from the principal source of water supply schemes for
large cities.
 It may be perennial or non-perennial.
IMPOUNDED RESERVOIRS

 The lakes formed behind a dam or weir, constructed across a river.

 River which have a lot of surplus flood discharge during rainy
season and very low after rains.
STORED RAIN WATER IN
CISTERNS
 At places where neither ground water is easy to get, nor surface
water is available, the rain water during rains in stored in well type
cisterns.
WASTE WATER RECLAMATION

 Sewage or other waster waters of the community may be utilized for non
domestic purposes.
 Such reclaimed water can be used for cooling, flushing, lawns, parks, fire
fighting, and for industrial purposes after giving necessary treatment to
suit the nature of use.
SEA WATER

 Difficult to extract economically water of portable quality.

 Contains 3.5% of salts in solution.
 Involves costly treatment.
UNDERGROUND WATER
SOURCES
 The water which had percolated into the ground at the time of rains is brought
to the surface.
 Water available from well’s tube, infiltration galleries is called ground water.
 Is drawn from water bearing layers called previous layers or aquifiers.
 Impervious layers do not allow water in them to percolate and, therefore do not
supply any water bearing layers or strata
 Ground water is free from suspended impurities and its quality is generally
reliable.