Impedance (Z)

• Impedance is the total circuit opposition to

current flow.
• It consists of pure resistance (R) and
reactance (X).

Dick Spurlock ITT Technical Institute, Phoenix, AZ

 Impedance

Dick Spurlock ITT Technical Institute, Phoenix, AZ

 Impedance (Z)
• In a series RC circuit, VC and VR are 90°
out of phase.
– IC and IR are in phase
• Consequently, XC and R are also 90° out of
phase.
– R leads XC
• Total impedance seen by the source is the
vector sum of the two oppositions.
Dick Spurlock ITT Technical Institute, Phoenix, AZ
 Impedance Triangle

2 2
Z  R  XC
1  X C 
  tan  
 R 

Dick Spurlock ITT Technical Institute, Phoenix, AZ

 Impedance
• Find the impedance of • Find the phase angle
a series RC circuit that for the same circuit.
has an XC of 80 and
a resistance of 60.

Dick Spurlock ITT Technical Institute, Phoenix, AZ

 Impedance
• Find the impedance of • Find the phase angle
a series RC circuit that for the same circuit.
has an XC of 20K
and a resistance of
15K.

Dick Spurlock ITT Technical Institute, Phoenix, AZ

 Ohms Law for Reactive Circuits
• Ohms Law is applicable to the entire circuit.

VS  IT Z

Dick Spurlock ITT Technical Institute, Phoenix, AZ

 Application of Ohm’s Law
• A series RC circuit has
an XC of 60 and a
resistance of 80.
The total circuit
current is 200 ma.
Find the source
voltage value.
• A series RC circuit has
an XC of 15 K and a
resistance of 20 K.
The source voltage is
100 VAC. Find the
total circuit current.

Dick Spurlock ITT Technical Institute, Phoenix, AZ

 Application of Ohm’s Law
• A series RC circuit has
an applied source
voltage of 80 volts.
The measured circuit
current is 20 ma. Find
the circuit impedance.

Dick Spurlock ITT Technical Institute, Phoenix, AZ

 Quick Equation Review
 opp 
  tan 1 
 adj 
VS  VR 2  VC 2  1  adj 
  cos  
1  hyp 
XC 
2fC  opp 
  sin 1 
VC  I C X C  hyp 
I R  IC opp  VC
VR  I C R adj  VR
hyp  VS

Dick Spurlock ITT Technical Institute, Phoenix, AZ

 Putting It All Together
• Find:
– ZT
– IT
– VR
– VC
– 

Dick Spurlock ITT Technical Institute, Phoenix, AZ

 Putting It All Together
• Find:
– XC
– ZT
– IT
– VR
– VC
– 

Dick Spurlock ITT Technical Institute, Phoenix, AZ

 Putting It All Together
• Find:
– XC
– ZT
– IT
– VR
– VC
– C

Dick Spurlock ITT Technical Institute, Phoenix, AZ