PITUITARY

GLAND

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 HORMONE

“Hormone is a substance, having greater

biological activity, produced by specific cell in
the body and it is transported through
circulation to act on its target cells.”

Greek-HARMEIN-TO STIRR UP,

Hormones regulates body functions
Hormones are secreted by endocrine glands
(ductless glands)
 PITUITARY HORMONES
 ANTERIOR:
♠Growth hormones(GH)
♠Prolactin (Prl)
♠Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
♠Thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)
♠Gonadotropins (hormones having
stimulatory action on gonads)
Follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)
Luteinizing hormone(LH)
 POSTERIOR:
Oxytocin
Anti diuretic hormone (ADH,
VASOPRESSIN)
 ANTERIOR PITUITARY HORMONES
They secretes a number of important
regulatory hormones.
They act on extra cellular receptor, which is
located on their target cells.
The anterior pituitary secretes the following
hormones
Growth hormone (GH)
Prolactin (Prl)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
Gonadotropins
1. Folliclestimulating hormone (FSH)
2. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
 GROWTH HORMONE
Contains 191 Amino acids,
Molecular weight -22000 daltons, Single
chain peptide.
PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS:
Promotes the growth of all organs, by
inducing hyperplastia (gross enlargement) of
organs)
Increasing in size and mass of all parts of
the body,
It does not produce sexual maturation,
It does not involved in growth of brain &
eye,
GH promotes utilization of Fats and spares
Carbohydrate,
GH decrease the Uptake of glucose by
mucus,
GROWTH MECHANISM:

GROWTH HORMONE

PROMOTE THE RETENTION OF NITROGEN AND

OTHER TISSUE CONSTITUENTS

MORE PROTOPLASM IS FORMED

POSITIVE NITROGEN BALANCE

leads to
INCREASE UPTAKE OF AMINO ACID BY TISSUES
C promotes
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT

ROLL OF GHRH:

Hypothalamus

GHRH

Anterior pituitary

GH

Liver, Kidney, Muscle, Fat & bone

IGF-1

ACT ON SOFT TISSUES& BONE

REGULATION OF SECRETION:

FASTING, HYPOGLYCEMIA, STRESS AND IV

INFUSION OF ARGININE
HYPOTHALAMUS PRODUCE “GHRH” &
SOMATOSTATIN
GHRH, Stomatostatin receptors are G protein
coupled receptor type,
GH- inhibited by increase in plasma free fatty
acid levels and high concentration of
glucocorticoids.
PHATHALOGICAL CONDITIONS:

♣ Increase in GH:
Children – Gigantism,
Adults – Acromegaly,
♣ Decrease in GH:
Children - Pituitary dwarfism
Adult - Rare
PREPARATIONS:
Produced by recombinant DNA technology.
SOMATROPIN
SOMATREM
GH INHIBITORS:
SOMATOSTATIN
OCTIREOTIDE
SOMATOSTATIN:
Inhibit the secretion of GROWTH HORMONE,
TSH, PROLACTINE,
Which also inhibit almost all pancreatic, GI
secretions,
Also constricts hepatic and renal blood vessels
OCTREOTIDE:
40 times less potent than somatostatin
Suppress GH secretion for long time,
Weaker inhibitor of insulin secretion.
Used in ACROMEGALY.

ADR:
 Abdominal pain,
 Nausea,
 Diarrhoea,
 Gall stones.
THANK U ALL