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MATERIALS
HISTORY OF MAGNET
•Over 2,000 years ago,
Greeks discovered a mineral
that attracted things made of
iron.
•Found in a part of Turkey
called Magnesia, so they
called it Magnetite.
WHAT IS MAGNET?
•A magnet is any
material that attracts
iron or things made of
iron.
WHAT IS MAGNETISM?
Magnetism is the force of attraction or repulsion
of a magnetic material due to the arrangement of
its atoms, particularly its electrons.
REASON FOR MAGNETISM
Magnetic are theresult of electron magnetic moments.
Moments come from 2 sources:
Orbital motion around a nucleu
Spinning around an axis
The net magnetic moment for an atom is the sum of
the magnetic moments of constituent electrons
Atoms with completely filled electron shells does not
contribute to magnetic moment of the atom
The main contribution to magnetism comes fro the
spin of the unpaired valence electrons.
Magnetism in a material arises due to alignment of
magnetic moments.
TYPES OF MAGNETISM
• Depending on the existence and alignment of
magnetic moments with or without application of
magnetic field, three types of magnetism can be
defined.
Magnetism